Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, 1,1'-(1,4-phenylene) ester

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1998-05-14 to 1998-07-20

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: OECD study under GLP

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1998

Report date:

1998

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Hydroquinone-bis-p-hydroxybenzoate

IUPAC Name:

Hydroquinone-bis-p-hydroxybenzoate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Hydroquinone-bis-p-hydroxybenzoate (OH-Dreikerner)
- Physical state: solid
- Analytical purity: >95% (HPLC)
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): as stated in substance data
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: as stated in substance data
- Lot/batch No.: 63B001
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 2003-02-28
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Storage condition of test material: in original container, at room temperature, in the dark

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
not applicable

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Sample storage conditions before analysis: in a refrigerator

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Pre experiments were carried out to determine the solubility of the test subtance in water. The substance was dispersed in water.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (Straus, clone 5)
- Source: Umweltbundesamt, Institut für Wasser, Luft und Bodenhygiene
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 6-24 hours old
- Method of breeding: similar conditions as in test (pH, main ions, total hardness)

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: for at least 6 hours under the test conditions

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

NOT_SPECIFIED

Post exposure observation period:

none

Test conditions

Hardness:

250 mg/l as CaCO3

Test temperature:

20°C

pH:

8.0-8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

9.0 -9.2 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

The analytically determined test substance concentrations in the analysed test medium varied in the range from 93% to 120% of the nominal value (see attached analytical report). In the test medium the test substance was sufficiently stable during the test period of 48 . Therefore all reported biological results are related to the nominal concentration of the test substance.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass beakers of 100 ml filled with 50 ml.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates):2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates):2

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 18 h light
- Light intensity: 290 - 550 lux

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water
- Alkalinity: 0.8 mmol/l
- Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Immobilty and mortality after 24 and 48 hours. Immobilty criteria: No efforts to swim within 15 seconds afer agitation.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 100 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: Due to the low water solubility of the test substance the substance could only be diespersed in water. After 24 and 48 hours a small part of the test substance was lying at the bottom of the glass breakers.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Tested twice a year. The last test is recorded under the IBACON project numer 3160220. The EC50 was calculated to be 0.55 mg/L.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Substance is not toxic to daphnids.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of the test substance Hydroquinone-bis-p-hydroxybenzoate (OH-Dreikerner) to Daphnia magna was determined in a 48 hour static test according to OECD Guidline 202 Part I (1984) and the Commision Directive 92/69/EEC, Annex Part C, C.2 (1992).

A limit test was performed in accordance with the Commision Directive 92/69/EEC to demonstrate that the test substance has no toxic effects on the test animals up to the concentration of nominal 100mg/L. All reported results are related to the nominal concentration of the test substance. During the test period test substance concentrations were measured in the range from 93% to 120% of the nominal value. Under the test conditions the test substance was sufficently stable during the test period of 48 hours.

The 48 -hour NOIEC (highest concentration tested without toxic effects after the exposure period of 48 hours, respectively the 48 -hour EC 0 of Hydroquinone-bis-p-hydroxybenzoate (OH-Dreikerner) to Daphnia magna were determined to be at least 100 mg/L. The NOEC and the EC 0 might even be higher than this concentration, but concentrations in excess of 100 mg/L have not been tested. The 48 -hour EC 50 and EC100 were clearly higher than 100 mg/L. This value could not be quantified due to the absence of toxcicity of Hydroquinone-bis-p-hydroxybenzoate (OH-Dreikerner) up to this concentration.