Diphenyl methylphosphonate

Ecotoxicological Summary

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.001 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):

0.013 mg/L

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (marine water)

PNEC value:

0 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC STP

PNEC value:

0.2 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.039 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.004 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for air

Air

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC soil

PNEC value:

0.007 mg/kg soil dw

Assessment factor:

100

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

Hazard for predators

Secondary poisoning

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC oral

PNEC value:

0.128 mg/kg food

Assessment factor:

3 000

Additional information

Derivation of PNECs

The Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNECs) for the different environmental compartments are calculated either by application of an assessment factor (AF) (PNECfreshwater, PNECmarine water, PNECintermittent release, PNECstp, PNECsoil and PNECoral) or by utilisation of the equilibrium partitioning method (EPM) (PNECsediment-freshwater and PNECsediment-marine water). The PNECair is not considered as relevant based on the chemical structure and intrinsic properties of Diphenyl methylphosphonate. Exposures to the terrestrial compartment and sewage treatment plants (STP) are not intended since the substance is not placed onto the market as a monomer and will be used in the production of polymeric products only resulting in a chemical bonding. Thus, for derivation of the PNECsoil, an authentic QSAR result is taken into account and the PNECstp is derived based on available biodegradation data. Also secondary poisoning of mammals and/or birds is not to be expected, however, the PNECoral can be derived by a reliable QSAR prediction for Coturnix japonica (Japanese quail). All procedure applied are described in detail in the ECHA REACH Guidance (May 2008), Chapter R.10 (“Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for environment”).

 

Classification and labelling for the environmental compartment

Experimental results of Diphenyl methylphosphonate are available for evaluating toxicity towards aquatic vertebrate and invertebrate species. Evaluation of terrestrial toxicity, metabolism, and environmental behaviour characteristics (i.e. biodegradation) are covered by authentic QSAR predictions using the OECD QSAR Toolbox and EPIWIN software by US-EPA. No long-term investigation results are available (and not triggered), thus reliable acute toxicity data for three trophic aquatic levels (i.e. fish, daphnids and algae) are the basis for the Chemical Safety Assessment (CSA) of the test substance.

Diphenyl methylphosphonate was found to be not readily biodegradable under test conditions according to OECD Guideline 301D by attaining 3 % degradation in 28 days (Clarke, 2012). This is supported by the outcome of reliable QSAR predictions with EPIWIN (Chemservice S.A., 2011) and OECD QSAR Toolbox (Chemservice S.A., 2012).

The most critical experimental result was found in the acute toxicity test conducted with Daphnia magna (OECD Guideline 202; Harris, 2013), revealing an EC50(48h) of 1.3 mg/L. Toxicity effects were also reported by the experimental results for fish (LC50(96h): 20 mg/L; OECD Guideline 203; Harris, 2013) and algae (ErC50(72h): 15 mg/L; OECD Guideline 201; Vryenhoef, 2013). All studies were conducted under certificated GLP compliance and all validity criteria were fulfilled.

Taken into account all available data, classification and labelling criteria in accordance to  Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 with respect to environmental hazards are fulfilled.

Conclusion on classification

Diphenyl methylphosphonate (DPP) has to be classified and labelled in accordance to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council. The classification is “Aquatic Chronic 2” with Hazard Statement 411 (H411; Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects) and Precautionary statements P273 (Avoid release to the environment), P391 (Collect spillage) and P501 (Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations). For labelling, the corresponding is GHS09 (environment) and no signal word has to be used.