Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis[5-nitro-, disodium salt, reaction products with 4-[(4-aminophenyl)azo]benzenesulfonic acid monosodium salt

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

other: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2003

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

Source study has reliability 1. Details on the read across are attached in section 13.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: daphnia magna
- Strain: Strauss
- Source: University of Stirling, United Kingdom
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): ≤ 24 hours
- Food type: Chlorella and marine algae extract.
- Frequency: 3 times/week

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

Unknow

Test temperature:

20 ± 2 °C

pH:

7.25 - 7.98

Dissolved oxygen:

8.12 - 8.56 mg/l

Salinity:

CaCl2 × 2H2O 11.76 g/l
MgSO4 × 7H2O 4.93 g/l
NaHCO3 2.59 g/l
KCl 0.23 g/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0 (blank), 0.1, 1, 10, 100 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

TEST CONDITIONS
-Photoperiod: darkness

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessels: 40 ml test tubes covered with parafilm
- Used volume: 10 ml
- No. of vessels per concentration: 4
- No. of organisms per concentration: 20, distributed in 5 organisms per vessel.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Results with the reference substance validation: EC50(24 h) = 0.7 mg/l

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The substance was tested according to guideline OECD 202.
At 100 mg/l, no effect on mobility was seen after 48 h of exposure.

Executive summary:

Method

Acute toxicity of test substance to daphnia magna was determined in a 48 h static test according OECD guideline 202 (1984), using test concentrations of 0, (blank), 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/l. Effects in terms of immobilisation were recorded.

Results

No effect was seen up to the highest concentration of 100 mg/l after a 48 -hour exposure period.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

other: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1991

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

Source study has reliability 1. Details on the read across are attached in section 13.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 95, 309, 1000 mg/l
- Sampling method: stock solution of the biological test was diluted 1000 fold with test medium. Due to precipitation effects, samples with a nominal concentration of 309 mg/l and 1000 mg/l must have been filtered first. Samples with a nominal concentration of 309 mg/l were diluted 10 fold with test medium. Samples with a nominal concentration of 1000 mg/l were diluted 50 fold with test medium.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: samples were stored deep-frozen (-20 °C) until the analysis was performed.

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
-Common name: Daphnia magna
-Strain: Strauss
-Age at study initiation (meand and range, SD): 6-24 hours old
-Source: RCC laboratories
-The parental daphnids were maintained in the same reconstituted water as in the test at least 24 hours prior to the start of the test.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

The immobility or mortality of the Daphnia was determined by visual control after 24 and 48 hours.

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/l as CaCO3

Test temperature:

19.5-19.8 °C

pH:

7.9-8.7

Dissolved oxygen:

>8.2 mg/l

Salinity:

CaCl2 × 2H2O 294 mg/l
MgSO4 × 7H2O 123 mg/l
NaHCO3 65 mg/l
KCl 5.8 mg/l

Conductivity:

0.1 µS/cm

Nominal and measured concentrations:

A stock solution was prepared by dissolving test substance in test water (10.0 g/l). Stock solution was diluted in a series of sequential dilutions with test water to prepare the following final nominal concentrations: 95, 171, 309, 556 and 1000 mg/l. The measured concentrations of the test substance only amounted to 29.2-41.7% of the nominal values.

Details on test conditions:

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Alkalinity: 0.8 mmol/l
- Ca/mg ratio: Mg= 4 : 1; Na : K = 10 : 1

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: light 16 hours/day
- Light intensity: 200-600 lux

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

In the analysed test media the measured concentrations of the test substance only amounted to 29.2-41.7% of the nominal values. These low recovery rates were probably due to a precipitation of the test substance, which was observed in test media of all concentrations during test duration and also in the samples taken for the analitycal measurements. The reason for the precipitation was possibly a reaction of the test substance with components of the test water during test duration.
Since in the stock solution a concentration was measured corresponding to 102.4% of the nominal value, the reported results are related to the nominal concentrations of the test substance.

		number of immobilised dafnia		% of immobilised Dafnia
conc. Test substance (mg/l)	No. Animals	24 h	48 h	24 h	48 h
control	20	0	0	0	0
95	20	0	0	0	0
171	20	0	0	0	0
309	20	0	1	0	5
556	20	0	0	0	0
1000	20	0	0	0	0

 

Results obtained for the concentrations of the test substance in test medium.

Nominal concentration (mg/l)	Sampling period	Conc. Test substance found *	% of nominal
95.0 95.0   309.0 309.0   1000 1000   Control sample Control sample	B E   B E   B E   B E	27.7 29.1   105.7 108.1   416.9 391.9   ---** ---**	29.2 30.6   34.2 35.0   41.7 39.2   --- ---

* Mean value of a repeated test

** Counts were below lowest calibration point

B = beginning of test period

E= end of test period

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The substance was tested according to guideline OECD 202.
Up to the highest concentration tested of 1000 mg test substance/l, no toxic effect on daphnia magna was seen. Therefore, a 48-hour EC50 value was not determined.

Executive summary:

Method

Acute toxicity to daphnia magna was determined following OECD guideline 202. Toxic effects were evaluated in terms of mobility, using nominal test concentrations of 95, 171, 309, 556 and 1000 mg test substance /l and a control. Actual concentrations in test media were also measured.

Results

In test media, measured concentrations of test substance only amounted to 29.2 - 41.7 % of nominal values. These low recovery rates were probably due to precipitation of test substance, which was seen in test media of all test concentrations during test duration and also in samples taken for analytical measurements. Since measured concentration of stock solution was 102.4 % of nominal value, results were reported as nominal concentrations of test substance.

Up to the highest concentration tested of 1000 mg test substance/l, no toxic effect on daphnia magna was observed. Therefore, after 48 hours of exposure:

EC0 = 1000 mg/l and EC50 > 1000 mg/l.

Description of key information

OECD 202, 1991, Daphnia, EC50 (48h) > 1000 mg/l.

OECD 202, 2003, Daphnia, EC50 (48h) > 100 mg/l.

Additional information

No experimental data on target substance was available, thus a read across approach followed as detailed in section 13.

The assessment relied on studies on Similar Sustance 01 and 02, conducted according to OECD guideline 202.

Similar Subbstance 01 (91 % of active substance) was tested at nominal concentrations of 95, 171, 309, 556 and 1000 mg/l. Exposure duration was up to 48 h under static exposure condition. Measured concentration of stock solution was 102.4 % of nominal value; measured concentrations in test medium were between 29.2 -41.7 % of nominal values and precipitation was reported. After 48 h of exposure, no effect of immobilisation was seen up to the highest concentration, thus EC50 > 1000 mg/l, nominal concentration.

Similar Substance 02 (10 % of active substance) was tested at nominal concentration of 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/l under static exposure conditions. No immobilisation was seen up to the highest tested concentration, thus EC50 > 100 mg/l.