Manganese sulphate

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

07 December 2009 to 14 December 2009

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP and to a current guideline

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Report date:

2010

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Manganese sulphate monohydrate

IUPAC Name:

Manganese sulphate monohydrate

Details on test material:

Sponsor's identification: MnSO4.H2O
Description : extremely pink powder
Batch number : 08729
Date received : 08 September 2008
Storage conditions: room temperature in the dark

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: One New Zealand White rabbit was supplied by Harlan Laboratories UK Ltd, Bicester, Oxon, UK.
- Age at study initiation: Twelve to twenty weeks old.
- Weight at study initiation: 2.14 kg
- Housing: The animal was housed in a suspended cage.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to food (Certified Rabbit Diet).
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to mains drinking water.
- Acclimation period: At least five days.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 17 to 23°C
- Humidity (%): 30 to 70%
- Air changes (per hr): At least fifteen changes per hour.
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): Lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness.

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent no treatment

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): Volume of 0.1 ml of the test material, which was found to weigh approximately 80 mg.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Single application of the test material, up to 72 hours exposure.

Observation period (in vivo):

Assessment of ocular damage/irritation was made approximately 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment.

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

1

Details on study design:

APPLICATION OF TEST SUBSTANCE
Immediately before the start of the test, both eyes of the provisionally selected test rabbit were examined for evidence of ocular irritation or defect with the aid of a light source from a standard ophthalmoscope. An animal free of ocular damage was used.

A volume of 0.1 ml of the test material, which was found to weigh approximately 80 mg (as measured by gently compacting the required volume into an adapted syringe) was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye, formed by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The upper and lower eyelids were held together for about one second immediately after treatment, to prevent loss of the test material, and then released. The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes. Immediately after administration of the test material, an assessment of the initial pain reaction was made.

After consideration of the ocular responses produced in this animal, no additional animals were treated.


SCORING SYSTEM:
Assessment of ocular damage/irritation was made approximately 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment, according to the numerical evaluation from Draize J H (1977) "Dermal and Eye Toxicity Tests" In: Principles and Procedures for Evaluating the Toxicity of Household Substances, National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC p.48 to 49).

Any other ocular effects were also noted. Any clinical signs, if present, were also recorded.

Interpretation of results:
The numerical values corresponding to tissue and observation time were recorded. The data relating to the conjunctiva were designated by the letters A (redness), B (chemosis) and C (discharge), those relating to the iris designated by the letter D and those relating to the cornea by the letters E (degree of opacity) and F (area of cornea involved). For each tissue the score was calculated as follows:

Score for conjunctiva = (A + B + C) x 2
Score for iris = D x 5
Score for cornea = (E x F) x 5


Using the numerical data obtained a modified version of the system described by Kay J H and Calandra J C (1962), J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 13, 281-289 was used to classify the ocular irritancy potential of the test material. This was achieved by adding together the scores for the cornea, iris and conjunctiva for each time point for the rabbit. The total scores for each observation were calculated. The maximum total score together with the persistence of the reactions enabled classification of the eye irritancy potential of the test material.

If evidence of irreversible ocular damage is noted, the test material will be classified as corrosive to the eye.

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: Examination of the eye was facilitated by the use of the light source from a standard ophthalmoscope.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

maximum mean total score (MMTS)

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

other: 24 and 48 hours

Score:

36

Max. score:

110

Reversibility:

not reversible

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

1

Max. score:

1

Reversibility:

not fully reversible within: 72 hours

Results 3

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.7

Max. score:

1

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Results 4

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

2.7

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

not fully reversible within: 72 hours

Results 5

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

2.7

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

not fully reversible within: 72 hours

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Individual scores for ocular irritation are given in Table 1.

Scattered or diffuse corneal opacity was noted in the treated eye at the 34, 48 and 72 hour observations.

Iridial inflammation was noted in the treated eye at the 24 and 48 hour observations.

Moderate conjunctival irritation was noted in the treated eye one hour after treatment with severe conjunctival irritation noted at the 48 and 72 hour observations and moderate conjunctival irritation at the 72 hour observation.

Haemorrhage scattered over the nictitating membrane and upper and lower conjunctival membranes were noted in the treated eye at the 24, 48 and 72 hour observations.

Signs of pain, distress and ill health including bodyweight loss, lethargy, distressed respiration and uncoordinated movement were noted at the 7 day observation. Due to the observed signs the animal was humanely killed 7 days after treatment, in accordance with company policy and UK Home Office guidelines.

Other effects:

None reported.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Individual Scores for Ocular Irritation

Rabbit Number and Sex	68710 Male
	IPR= 3
Time After Treatment	1 Hour	24 Hours	48 Hours	72 Hours
CORNEA
E = Degree of Opacity	0	1	1	1
F = Area of Cornea Involved	0	3	3	2
Score (E x F) x 5	0	15	15	10
IRIS
D	0	1	1	0
Score (D x 5)	0	5	5	0
CONJUNCTIVA
A = Redness	2	3H	3H	2H
B = Chemosis	2	3	3	2
C = Discharge	2	2	2	2
Score (A + B + C) x 2	12	16	16	12
Total Score	12	36	36	22

IPR=   Initial pain reaction

H =      Haemorrhage scattered over the nictitating membrane and upper and lower conjunctival membranes

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

irritating

Remarks:

Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

MnSO4 should be classified as an irritant. Based upon the results MnSO4 should be classified under CLP as Cat. 1 for eye damage.

Executive summary:

Introduction. 

The study was performed to assess the irritancy potential of the test material to the eye of the New Zealand White rabbit. The method was designed to meet the requirements of the following:

- OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals No. 405 “Acute Eye Irritation/Corrosion” (adopted 24 April 2002)

- Method B5 Acute Toxicity (Eye Irritation) of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008

Result.

A single application of the test material to the non-irrigated eye of one rabbit produced scattered or diffuse corneal opacity, iridial inflammation, severe conjunctival irritation and haemorrhage over the nictitating and conjunctival membranes. Signs of pain, distress and ill health, including weight loss, lethargy, respiratory distress and uncoordinated movement were noted at the 7 day observation. Due to the observed signs the animal was humanely killed 7 days after treatment, in accordance with company policy and current UK Home Office guidelines.

Conclusion.

The test material produced a maximum total score of 36 and was considered to be at least a moderate irritant (Class 5 on a 1 to 8 scale) to the rabbit eye according to a modified Kay and Calandra classification system (based on one rabbit only).

The test material was considered to be irritant and due to irreversible ocular damage (based on one rabbit only), is assigned a category 1 classification with the hazard phrase H318.