Phosphoric acid, mixed esters with biphenyl-4,4'-diol and phenol

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Testing Methods for New Chemical Substances (Nov 21, 2003, No.1121002, Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau, MHLW; Nov 13, 2003 No.2, Manufacturing Industries Bureau, METI; No.031121002, Environmental Policy Bureau, Ministry of the Environment)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Version / remarks:

(2004)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD Guidance Document No. 23 (Guidance Document on Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Difficult Substances and Mixtures), 2000

Deviations:

not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: nominal 100 mg/L and control
- Sampling intervals: test start and end
- Sampling method:
test start: a sample was taken from the middle layer from the container for preparation;
test end: samples were taken from the middle layer of the test solution in the replicate vessels and combined
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: none

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The test material and dilution water were mixed to produce nominal 100 mg/L . The dispersions were stirred by magnetic stirrer for about 48 hours to prepare the test solution. After settling for 1 hour, an aliquot was taken from the middle layer of the dispersed suspension and used as the test solution.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Strain: Clone A
- Source: laboratory culture originating from a strain supplied by University of Sheffield, UK
- Age at study initiation: < 24h; not first brood
- Method of breeding: The parents to obtain young daphnids were bred in the same quality of water, water temperature and photoperiod as used in the test. Parents used for the test were of the same lot, 21 days old and their survival rate was 100%. Cultures were once a day with Chlorella vulgaris, to provide nominally 0.1 to 0.2 mg C/day per daphnia.
- Feeding during test: none

ACCLIMATION
not relevant since conditions were the same for maintenance and testing

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

28 mg/L (as CaCO3)

Test temperature:

20.1 °C

pH:

7.9

Dissolved oxygen:

8.8-8.9 mg/L

Salinity:

not applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 100 mg/L
measured concentrations at test start and end: <0.022 mg/L (LOQ)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 mL glass beakers, covered with lids; 100 mL fill volume
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: approx. 1 daphnid / 20 mL

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: dechlorinated tap water. Chemical characteristics are measured regularily
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement:
temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and appearance of the test solutions: start and end of the exposure

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: artificial light (white fluorescent lamp), 16 hours light/8 hours darkness

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): immobility and symptoms were observed at 24 and 48 hours after the start of exposure.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: nominal 100 mg/L (prepared as for the main test).
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no effects were observed

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: none
- Mortality of control: none
- Other adverse effects control: none
- Abnormal responses: none
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: none

The test solution was white and turbid with precipitations and floating substance during the whole exposure

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The 48-hour EC50 was 0.30 mg/L (normal range in this laboratory: 0.13 to 0.35 mg/L)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

In the control, no daphnids became immobilised, were trapped at the water surface or showed any signs of disease or stress. The oxygen concentration at the end of the test was ≥ 3 mg/L (> 60% air saturation) in control and test vessels.

Description of key information

48-h EC50 >100 mg/L (nominal) for Daphnia magna (OECD 202)  

Additional information

The results indicate that the test material is not toxic to daphnia up to the limits of its water solubility and a NOEC and thus a PNEC cannot be determined.