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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
17 - 19 Jan 2007
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
Deviations:
not specified
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF): This WAF was prepared by moderately stirring 100 mg test substance per liter of medium overnight followed by filtration (MILLIPORE AP15 glass fiber filter).
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: Straus
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): < 2mm
- Method of breeding: Parental and young Daphnia were held in 40L glass aquaria.

BREEDING
- Breeding conditions (same as test or not): Reconstituted water (ISO 6341) was the same as test, prepared with distilled water. The medium in the breeding system was continuously aerated in comparison to the test.
- Type and amount of food: 15 g sera micropan (sera GmbH, Heinsberg) homogenized in 1L deionized water
- Feeding frequency: Once a day, except weekends

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Daphnia, which had been selected in size, were acclimatized to the reconstituted water for 4 hours before introduction into the test media.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
48 h
Hardness:
Not specified
Test temperature:
20.0 ± 0.5 °C
pH:
control: 7.3 at 0h, 7.7 at 48h
100 mg/l: 7.5 at 0h, 7.7 at 48h
Dissolved oxygen:
control: 6.2 mg/l at 0h, 6.0 mg/l at 48h
100 mg/l: 6.0 mg/l at 0h, 5.9 mg/l at 48h
Salinity:
Not specified
Conductivity:
Not specified
Nominal and measured concentrations:
nominal: 100 mg/L (WAF)
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 mL flasks, all-glass, with 50 mL of test medium
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted water (ISO 6341), prepared with distilled water. The ratio of Ca:Mg ions is 4:1 and of Na:K ions is 10:1.
- Alkalinity: 0.8 mmol/L
- Ca/mg ratio: 4:1
- Culture medium different from test medium: No, but test medium was not aerated as the culture medium.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Temperature determined in a control flask at the start and at the end of the test. Oxygen and pH were determined in all vessels prior to the addition of Daphnia to the test medium and at the end of the test.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h a day, supplied by overhead white fluorescent tubes.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Observations of immobile Daphnia were made after 24 and 48 h of exposure
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EL50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EL0
Effect conc.:
>= 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility

The test substance show no acute toxicity for daphnids under test conditions.

Table 1: Immobilisation of Daphnia magna after 24 and 48 hours

Nominal concentration (mg/l)

Code

Number of individuals per test vessel

Immobile Daphnia (No./vessel)

24h

Immobile Daphnia (No./vessel)

48h

% immobile Daphnia after 24h of exposure

% immobile Daphnia after 48h of exposure

Control
0

A

B

C

20
20
20

0
1
0

0
1
0

0
5
0

0
5
0

100

A

B

20
20

0
1

1
1

0
5

5
5

 

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
13 - 15 Dec 2006
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions (purity not reported, no analytical monitoring)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
Deviations:
not specified
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF): This WAF was prepared by moderately stirring 100 mg test substance per liter of medium overnight followed by filtration (MILLIPORE AP15 glass fiber filter).
- Controls: yes, water controls
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Length at study initiation: < 2mm
- Method of breeding: Parental and young Daphnia were held in 40L glass aquaria with a frequency of feeding once a day, except weekends, of 15 g sera micropan (homogenised in 1 L deionised water). The temperature was 20 ± 2 °C with an illumination of 16 h per day.
- Feeding during test: none

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 4 hours
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same as test
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
48 h
Hardness:
Not specified
Test temperature:
20.0 ± 0.5 °C
pH:
control: 7.5 - 7.6
100 mg/L: 6.7 - 7.5
Dissolved oxygen:
control: 6.0 mg/L
100 mg/L: 5.8 - 6.0 mg/L
Salinity:
Not specified
Conductivity:
Not specified
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal: 0 and 100 mg/L
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: all-glass, 100 mL flasks, with 50 mL of test medium
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted water according to ISO 6341, prepared with distilled water.
- Alkalinity: 0.8 mmol/L
- Ca/mg ratio: 4:1
- Na/K ratio: 10:1
- Culture medium different from test medium: No, but test medium was not aerated as the culture medium.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Temperature determined in a control flask at the start and at the end of the test. Oxygen and pH were determined in all vessels prior to the addition of Daphnia to the test medium and at the end of the test.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h a day, supplied by overhead white fluorescent tubes.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Observations of immobile Daphnia were made after 24 and 48 h of exposure.
Reference substance (positive control):
yes
Remarks:
potassium dichromate.
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EL50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Remarks:
WAF
Basis for effect:
mobility
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EL0
Effect conc.:
>= 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Remarks:
WAF
Basis for effect:
mobility

Table 1: Acute immobilisation of Daphnia magna after 24 and 48 hours of exposure

Nominal concentration (mg/l)

Code

Number of individuals per test vessel

Immobile Daphnia (No./vessel)

24h

Immobile Daphnia (No./vessel)

48h

% immobile Daphnia after 24h of exposure

% immobile Daphnia after 48h of exposure

Control
0

A

B

C

20
20
20

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

100

A

B

20
20

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results.
Justification for type of information:
Please see attached justification for read across in Section 13.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EL50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Remarks:
WAF
Basis for effect:
mobility
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EL0
Effect conc.:
>= 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Remarks:
WAF
Basis for effect:
mobility

Description of key information

No effects up to the limit of water solubility for Daphnia magna (OECD 202); based on read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
100 mg/L

Additional information