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EC number: 403-830-5 | CAS number: 89331-94-2 B 290; BK 400; CK 34; DIBUTYL-N-102; DX-20; FAT NR. 40391/A; FLUORAN BLACK BD 869; FLUORAN SCHWARZ BD 869; NOIR FLUORANE BD 869; ODB-2; PSD-290; SENOR-2; TG-31; TH-108; WINCON-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum: Aereation stage of the HRC Limited sewage treatment plant treating predominantly domestic sewage.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The sample was allowed to settle and the supernatant filtered through Whatman GFA filtrer paper (first 250 mL discarded). - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 40 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 31.5 mg/L
- Based on:
- IC (inorganic carbon)
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Standard nutrient medium
Solution 1:
KH2PO4 8.5 g/L
K2HPO4 21.75 g/L
Na2HPO4 . H2O 33.3 g/L
NH4Cl 1.7 g/L
Solution2:
MgSO4 . 7 H2O 22.5 g/L
Solution 3:
CaCl2 27.5 g/L
Solution 4:
FeCl3 . 6 H2O 0.25 g/L
1 mL of each solution 1 – 4 were added to each litre of aerated reverse osmosis purified and glass-distilled water. The “dilution water” was left at room temperature (ca. 20 °C), under gentle agitation for 24 h prior to use.
- Test temperature: 21 ± 1 °C
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: BOD bottles (280 mL, darkened glass)
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: Yellow Springs BOD Probe (model 54)
- Test performed in closed vessels
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: at day 0, 5, 15 and 28
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes
- Abiotic sterile control: Yes
- Toxicity control: No
STATISTICAL METHODS: - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 5
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- No breakdown products were determined. In a second replicate with the same concentration a biodegradation was only 1 %. Higher test levels could not be obtained because of the limited solubility of the test material in chloroform. This test was conducted from the notifier instead of a test on inherent biodegrability. The German C.A. did not insist on the conduction of the inherent test as the substance also will not be inherent biodegradable for structural reasons.
- Results with reference substance:
- Sodium benzoate attained 89 % biodegradation within 28 days. Oxygen depletions in the inoculated and non-inoculated control series were within the prescribed limits.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test substance can not be regarded as readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
In a ready biogradability study according to OECD guideline 301D, an inoculum prepared from non-adapted activated sludge from the aereation stage of the HRC Limited sewage treatment plant (predominantly domestic sewage) was exposed to the test substance. Dissolved oxygen measurements for the test substance and standard substance solutions, together with the inoculated and non- inoculated blank controls, after 0, 5, 15 and 28 days were performed. The positive control sodiumbenzoate attained 89 % degradation within 28 days. The test substance attained 5 % biodegradation after 28 days. Oxygen depletions in the inoculated and non-inoculated control series were within the prescribed limits.
Based on these results, the test substance cannot be considered as readily biodegradable.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Remarks:
- sewage inoculum was pre-exposed to test substance
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.5 (Degradation: Biochemical Oxygen Demand)
- Version / remarks:
- as cited in Directive 67/548/EEC
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 16.5
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Results with reference substance:
- Experimental values (reference substance):
62 % degradation after 10 d
77 % degradation after 14 d
84 % degradation after 24 d
87 % degradation after 28 d - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- not inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test substance cannot be regarded as inherently biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
Inherent biodegradation has been assessed in accordance with EU method C.5 (ECHA RSS, 2017). The test substance showed 16.5 % degradation until day 28 based on CO2 evolution. No inherent biodegradation can be seen for the test substance.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: Dissolved Oxygen Measurement (mgO2/L)
Treatment |
Day |
||||
0 |
5 |
15 |
28 |
||
Dilution water, no inoculum |
R1 |
8.50 |
8.40 |
8.35 |
8.20 |
R2 |
8.50 |
8.40 |
8.30 |
8.25 |
|
Mean |
8.500 |
8.400 |
8.325 |
8.225 |
|
Dilution water, inoculum |
R1 |
8.50 |
8.35 |
8.25 |
8.25 |
R2 |
8.50 |
8.30 |
8.25 |
8.15 |
|
Mean |
8.500 |
8.325 |
8.250 |
8.200 |
|
Dilution water, inoculum and filter paper |
R1 |
8.50 |
8.25 |
8.10 |
8.05 |
R2 |
8.50 |
8.30 |
8.10 |
8.10 |
|
Mean |
8.500 |
8.275 |
8.100 |
8.075 |
|
Test Item (2 mg/L) with inoculum |
R1 |
8.50 |
8.05 |
8.00 |
7.90 |
R2 |
8.50 |
8.10 |
7.90 |
7.70 |
|
Mean |
8.500 |
8.075 |
7.950 |
7.800 |
|
Standard Substance (3 mg/L) with inoculum |
R1 |
8.50 |
4.80 |
4.20 |
3.80 |
R2 |
8.50 |
4.90 |
3.90 |
3.70 |
|
Mean |
8.500 |
4.850 |
4.050 |
3.750 |
Table 2: Mean Oxygen Depletion and Percentage Biodegradation Values
Treatment |
Day |
|||
5 |
15 |
28 |
||
Dilution water, no inoculum |
O2 depletion (mgO2/L) |
0.100 |
0.175 |
0.275 |
% Degradation |
- |
- |
- |
|
Dilution water, inoculum |
O2 depletion (mgO2/L) |
0.175 |
0.2500 |
0.300 |
% Degradation |
- |
- |
- |
|
Dilution water, inoculum and filter paper |
O2 depletion (mgO2/L) |
0.225 |
0.400 |
0.425 |
% Degradation |
- |
- |
- |
|
Test Item (2 mg/L) with inoculum |
O2 depletion (mgO2/L) |
0.200 |
0.150 |
0.275 |
% Degradation |
4 |
3 |
5 |
|
Standard Substance (3 mg/L) with inoculum |
O2 depletion (mgO2/L) |
3.475 |
4.200 |
4.450 |
% Degradation |
70 |
84 |
89 |
The low solubility of the test material meant the usual SCAS and Zahn-Wellens methods were inappropriate. Instead the modified Sturm test was used with sewage inoculum which had been pre-exposed to the test substance.
Description of key information
not readily or inherently biodegradable
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
Key Study
In a ready biogradability study according to OECD guideline 301D (Huntingdon, 1989), an inoculum prepared from non-adapted activated sludge from the aeration stage of the HRC Limited sewage treatment plant (predominantly domestic sewage) was exposed to the test substance. Dissolved oxygen measurements for the test substance and standard substance solutions, together with the inoculated and non- inoculated blank controls, after 0, 5, 15 and 28 days were performed. The positive control sodiumbenzoate attained 89 % degradation within 28 days. The test substance attained 5 % biodegradation after 28 days. Oxygen depletions in the inoculated and non-inoculated control series were within the prescribed limits.
Based on these results, the test substance cannot be considered as readily biodegradable.
Supporting study
The above result is further supported by the results of an inherent biodegradation study according to EU method C.5 (ECHA RSS, 2017). Although the sewage sludge was pre-exposed to the test substance only 16.5 % biodegradation was observed until study day 28. Thus, the test substance cannot be regarded as biodegradable.
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