3-aminophenol

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

Experimental test result performed according to the guideline.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Study was conducted to access the effect of test chemical on the growth of fish Danio rerio. Test conducted according to OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test).

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 683.0 mg, 751.3 mg, 826.4 mg, 909.9 mg & 1 gm of the test substance in 10 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) with continuous stirring for achieving test concentrations of 68.30 mg/L, 75.13 mg/L, 82.64 mg/L, 90.90 mg/L & 100 mg/L, respectively.

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

Animal species : Zebra Fish (Danio rerio)
Age of the animals : 3-4 months
Body length : average 2.24 cm
Body weight : 0.115 g (average)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

26°C

pH:

Between 6.9

Dissolved oxygen:

Oxygen content : 7.5 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

100mg/L

Details on test conditions:

Housing: The fishes were kept in a static tank in tap water passed through reverse osmosis system, under natural conditions along with proper feed and aeration.
Duration of housing : 15 days
Photoperiod : 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness
Mortality (%) : 2%
Diet : Standard brand feed, once daily

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Other details not known

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: No effect observed

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

OBSERVATIONS:

Mortality and symptoms

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	Number of fish	Mortality (cumulated) after
		24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	8	-	-	1	-
68.30	8	-	-	-	1
75.13	8	-	1	-	-
82.63	8	-	2	2	-
90.90	8	-	2	1	-
100	8	-	-	2	1

 

Visible Symptoms: No abnormal symptoms observed

 

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	Number of fish	Symptoms after
		24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	8	NS8	NS8	NS7	NS7
68.30	8	NS8	NS8	NS7	NS7
75.13	8	NS8	NS7	NS7	NS7
82.63	8	NS8	NS6	NS4	NS4
90.90	8	NS8	NS6	NS5	N5
100	8	NS8	NS8	NS6	NS5

 

 

Explanation of symptoms:

A: apathy

N: narcotic-like state

C: swimming near water surface

M: Slow movements compared to control

NS: No abnormal symptoms

Number behind symbol for symptom= number of affected fish

8.2. pH and oxygen content :

 

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	pH readings after
	24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	7.3	7.4	7.7	6.9
68.30	7.5	7.6	7.7	7.3
75.13	7.7	7.9	7.7	7.2
82.63	7.8	7.9	7.9	7.3
90.90	7.7	6.1	7.7	7.2
100	7.4	7.7	7.5	7.3

 

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	Oxygen content (mg/l) after
	24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	6.24	6.54	6.66	6.95
68.30	6.08	6.33	6.58	6.81
75.13	5.98	6.29	6.5	6.80
82.63	5.69	5.95	6.38	6.67
90.90	5.68	5.97	6.27	6.47
100	5.58	5.93	6.35	6.38

 

8.3. Test temperature

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	Temperature (°C) after
	24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	27.6	25.8	24.5	23.2
68.30	28.1	26.2	24.5	23.6
75.13	28.4	26.5	24.6	23.7
82.63	28.7	27.3	24.6	24.2
90.90	28.8	27.1	24.6	24.2
100	28.4	27.1	24.5	25.0

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	pH readings after
	24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	7.3	7.4	7.7	6.9
68.30	7.5	7.6	7.7	7.3
75.13	7.7	7.9	7.7	7.2
82.63	7.8	7.9	7.9	7.3
90.90	7.7	6.1	7.7	7.2
100	7.4	7.7	7.5	7.3

 

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	Oxygen content (mg/l) after
	24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	6.24	6.54	6.66	6.95
68.30	6.08	6.33	6.58	6.81
75.13	5.98	6.29	6.5	6.80
82.63	5.69	5.95	6.38	6.67
90.90	5.68	5.97	6.27	6.47
100	5.58	5.93	6.35	6.38

 

8.3. Test temperature

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	Temperature (°C) after
	24h	48h	72h	96h
0 (control)	27.6	25.8	24.5	23.2
68.30	28.1	26.2	24.5	23.6
75.13	28.4	26.5	24.6	23.7
82.63	28.7	27.3	24.6	24.2
90.90	28.8	27.1	24.6	24.2
100	28.4	27.1	24.5	25.0

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median lethal concentration [LC-50 (96 h)] for test chemical on Danio rerio was determine to be >100 mg/l and LC0 was observed at 100 mg/l.

Executive summary:

Study was conducted to access the effect of test chemical on the growth of fish Danio rerio. Test conducted according to OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 683.0 mg, 751.3 mg, 826.4 mg, 909.9 mg & 1 gm of the test substance in 10 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) with continuous stirring for achieving test concentrations of 68.30 mg/L, 75.13 mg/L, 82.64 mg/L, 90.90 mg/L & 100 mg/L, respectively and Zebra Fish Danio rerio were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. Bowl aquaria containing 2 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) were loaded with 8 fishes. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD guideline 203. After 96 hours of exposure to test item to various nominal test concentrations, LC50 was determine to be > 100 mg/l and LC0 was observed at 100 mg/l. Based on the LC50, it can be consider that the chemical was nontoxic and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Description of key information

Study was conducted to assess the effect of test chemical 3-aminophenol on the growth of fish Danio rerio. Test conducted according to OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 68.30 mg/L, 75.13 mg/L, 82.64 mg/L, 90.90 mg/L & 100 mg/L and Zebra FishDanio reriowere exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 683.0 mg, 751.3 mg, 826.4 mg, 909.9 mg & 1 gm of the test substance in 10 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) with continuous stirring for achieving test concentrations of 68.30 mg/L, 75.13 mg/L, 82.64 mg/L, 90.90 mg/L & 100 mg/L, respectively. Bowl aquaria containing 10 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) were loaded with 8 fishes. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD guideline 203. Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median lethal Concentrations [LC-50 (96 h)] for 3-aminophenol on Zebra Fish Danio rerio was determine to be > 100 mg/l. Based on the LC50, it can be consider that the chemical 3-aminophenol was nontoxic and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

Based on the experimental data from various database for the target chemical study have been reviewed to determine the mode of action of test chemical the mortality rate and behavior of fish. The studies are as mentioned below:

 

In the first key study from experimental report 2014 toxicity was measured. Study was conducted to assess the effect of test chemical on the growth of fish Danio rerio. Test conducted according to OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 683.0 mg, 751.3 mg, 826.4 mg, 909.9 mg & 1 gm of the test substance in 10 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) with continuous stirring for achieving test concentrations of 68.30 mg/L, 75.13 mg/L, 82.64 mg/L, 90.90 mg/L & 100 mg/L, respectively and Zebra FishDanio reriowere exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. Bowl aquaria containing 2 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) were loaded with 8 fishes. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD guideline 203. After 96 hours of exposure to test item to various nominal test concentrations, LC50 was determine to be > 100 mg/l and LC0 was observed at 100 mg/l. Based on the LC50, it can be consider that the chemical was nontoxic and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

First key study was supported by the second study from authoritative database 2018. Short term toxicity study of test chemical were carried out on the mortality of Oryzias latipes. Test conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). Chemical analytically monitorized by HPLC at the start of exposure, before renewal of test solution. Test performed under the semi-static system for 96 hrs. 300, 200, 133, 88.9, 59.3 mg/L (geometric ratio 1.5), control concentration is used. 10 Oryzias latipes per vessel incorporated and conducted in 2 replicates. After 96 hrs effect were calculated on thew basis of mortality of test organism. The lethal concentration (LC50) value of 3-aminophenol in fish (Oryzias latipes) in a 96 hr study was determine to be 121 mg/L.

 

Similar the primary purpose of the present study (from peer reviewed journal, 2004) was to investigate the effect of test chemical on the growth of fishes. The eggs of Zebrafish were transferred into wells of a 24-well multiplate (1 egg per well) after differentiation. 20 wells were prepared with 2 mL test solution each, 4 wells were filled with dilution water and served as internal controls. The tests were replicated 3 times consecutively and 7 concentrations were tested. The tests were only considered valid when at least 90% of the embryos in the control were viable after 72hr. the eggs were incubated at 26°C and embryonic development was observed with an inverted microscope and recorded daily. 20 wells were prepared with 2 mL test solution each, 4 wells were filled with dilution water and served as internal controls. Eggs of the fish were obtained according to the method prescribed by OECD. The eggs were collected in 30 min and washed with tap water. A suitable number of eggs were transferred into prepared chemical concentrations withour regard for fertilisation. The lethal concentration (LC50) value of test chemical in eggs of fish (Danio rerio) in a 72 hr study was determine to be 22.34 mg/L. This value indicates that chemical will exhibit aquatic toxicity to fish.Thus classified in aquatic chronic category 3 based on the CLP criteria for classification of the substance.

 

As the maximum experimental studies performed according to the OECD guidelines supports the nontoxic classifications of test chemical thus on basis chemical 3-aminophenol was consider as nontoxic to fishes and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.