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EC number: 235-471-3 | CAS number: 12238-31-2 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 15860:2.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- JUSTIFICATION FOR DATA WAIVING
see attached justification
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- data waiving: supporting information
Reference
- Endpoint:
- water solubility
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2009
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ETAD guideline ETAD-229
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A defined amount of the pigment was transferred to a 100 mL flask with glass stopper and 60 mL of water (deionised, 18.2 MOcm). This was stirred at 70°C for 2 hours and then 72 hours in an air conditioned laboratory (T = 23°C).
The suspension was then centrifuged (10000 rpm, 10 minutes) and filtered once through a standard paper filter, twice through a 0.2 micrometer membrane filter (Millipore) and twice through a 0.025 micrometer filter (Millipore) until a perfectly clear solution was achieved. This procedure was conducted in parallel for a total of 2 water samples and of 2 n-octanol samples. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- flask method
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid (powder)
- Lot/batch No.: HW-08-012
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: January 01, 2017
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): PIGMENT RED 52:2, TKP 50134
- Analytical purity: not available - Key result
- Water solubility:
- 17.4 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (total fraction)
- Incubation duration:
- 72 h
- Temp.:
- 23 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: pH was not determined
- Details on results:
- The values for the water solubility were: 16.5 (Abs: 0.459), 18.8 (Abs.: 0.535) and 17.2 mg/L (Abs.: 0.489) (average value: 17.4 mg/L).
- Conclusions:
- The water solubility of test substance was determined to be 17.4 mg/L at 23°C.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- data waiving: supporting information
Reference
- Endpoint:
- partition coefficient
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2009
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ETAD guideline ETAD-229
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A defined amount of the pigment was transferred to a 100 mL flask with glass stopper and 60 mL of water (deionised, 18.2 MOcm). This was stirred at 70°C for 2 hours and then 72 hours in an air conditioned laboratory (T = 23°C).
The suspension was then centrifuged (10000 rpm, 10 minutes) and filtered once through a standard paper filter, twice through a 0.2 micrometer membrane filter (Millipore) and twice through a 0.025 micrometer filter (Millipore) until a perfectly clear solution was achieved. This procedure was conducted in parallel for a total of 2 water samples and of 2 n-octanol samples. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- estimation method (solubility ratio)
- Partition coefficient type:
- octanol-water
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid (powder)
- Lot/batch No.: HW-08-012
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: January 01, 2017
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): PIGMENT RED 52:2, TKP 50134
- Analytical purity: not available - Analytical method:
- other: UV/Vis
- Key result
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- -0.3
- Temp.:
- 23 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: pH not determined
- Details on results:
- Average concentrations in water: 17.4 mg/L
Average concentration in n-octanol: 8.7 mg/L - Conclusions:
- The partition coefficient of test substance was estimated to be log Pow = -0.30 at 23°C
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- data waiving: supporting information
Reference
- Endpoint:
- additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Remarks:
- Dispersion stability in simulated environmental media
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2020
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD 318
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Executive summary:
The dispersion stability of Pigment Red 52:2 depends on pH and water hardness. The stability in 0 mM Ca at pH 4 is high. The stability in 0 mM Ca at pH 9 is intermediate. For the samples at all other conditions the stability is low
At any of the time points mentioned in the TG-318, the influence of Ca is critical. Regardless of pH, the pigment is not stable in 10 mM Ca, representing high water hardness.
After 6h, the samples showed high dispersion stability in 0 mM Ca at pH 4. The stability in 0 mM and 1 mM Ca at pH 7 and 9 was intermediate althogh much higher in 0 mM Ca.
After 24 hours the stability in 0 mM Ca at pH 4 remained high. The stability in 0 mM Ca at pH 9 remaind intermediate. For the samples at all other conditions the stability was low
Table 1: full results of the dispersion stability in the presence of NOM
Ca(NO3)2 | Stability after 6h | Standard deviation | Stability after 15h | Standard deviation | Stability after 24h | Standard deviation | |
[mM] | [%] | [%] | [%] | [%] | [%] | [%] | |
|
|
|
| ||||
pH 4 | 0 | 99.6 | 0.5 | 94.5 | 1.8 | 92.9 | 3.1 |
pH 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
pH 4 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
pH 7 | 0 | 87.4 | 1.3 | 75.4 | 0.9 | 10.0 | 0.9 |
pH 7 | 1 | 12.5 | 1.7 | 3.7 | 0.3 | 2.2 | 0.2 |
pH 7 | 10 | 4.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
pH 9 | 0 | 86.1 | 3.8 | 73.3 | 2.5 | 66.1 | 2.8 |
pH 9 | 1 | 16.2 | 1.5 | 5.4 | 0.3 | 3.3 | 0.2 |
pH 9 | 10 | 5.2 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
To rationalize the observed dispersion stability, we finally checked the particle size distribution directly in the environmental medium (exact same sample preparation as for the UV/VIS measurements). We applied the NanoDefine method of Analytical Ultracentrifugation. The centrifugation parameters are given in the methods section.
The observed size distributions confirm the moderate agglomeration at 1 mM Ca, pH7, with NOM. If the particles would have been significantly dissolved, no size distribution would be observable at all by this method, which relies on the detection of the movement of particles during centrifugal separation.
Additionally, the centrifugation methods include a determination of the remaining absorption after centrifugation, fully consistent with the conventional determination of the dissolved fraction after centrifugation as recommended by the TG-318. The remaining absorption was measured at ca. 0.18. This is a fraction of 15% of the initial absorption, but actually is close to the LOD of the built-in UV/Vis detector. Considering the LOD, between 0% and 15% of the sample may have been dissolved.
All evidence combined, the results after centrifugation confirm that at least 85% of the observed dispersion stability has to be attributed to the particles, not to dissolution.
Data source
Materials and methods
Results and discussion
Applicant's summary and conclusion
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