Isonicotinaldehyde

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2 - 6 June 2003

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP - guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2003

Report date:

2003

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Isonicotinaldehyde

EC Number:

212-832-3

EC Name:

Isonicotinaldehyde

Cas Number:

872-85-5

Molecular formula:

C6H5NO

IUPAC Name:

pyridine-4-carbaldehyde

Test material form:

other: liquid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report) : Pyridine-4-aldehyde
- Physical state : clear yellowish liquid
- Analytical purity : 98,7% (GC)
- Lot/batch No. : 1120126/001
- Storage condition of test material : Refrigerator at approx. 4°C , in the dark , under nitrogen

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations : Samples of the test media were taken immediately before setting-in of the fish and after approximately 24 , 48 , 72 and 96 hours . At replacement of the test media at 72 hours samples of the "old" and the "freshly prepared" media were taken .

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method :
The test media were prepared by dissolving 28.5 , 60.0 , 104.4 , 181.6 and 341.8 (at the begin of the test) and 31.0 , 61.5 , 120.6 and 209.8 mg test substance (at 72 hours after begin of the test) in 6 litres dilution water each . No new medium was prepared for the highest concentration after 72 hours as no fish survived in this group .

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name : Zebrafish
- Source : Fa. Amazonas Aquarium , A-2840 Grimmenstein
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD) : no data
- Length at study initiation : approx 2,8 cm (mean of control group at the end of the study)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): no data
- Feeding during test : none

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period : approx. 3 weeks
- Acclimation conditions : same as test
- Type and amount of food : TetraMin (Tetra Werke , Dr.rer.nat. Ulrich Baensch GmbH , D-49304 Melle)
- Feeding frequency : daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed) : no data

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

250 mg CaCO3/l

Test temperature:

20°C troughout the test period

pH:

8,0 - 8,3 in the test substance groups

Dissolved oxygen:

at least 85% of the air saturation value at the appropriate temperature throughout the test period .

Nominal and measured concentrations:

see table 1 and 2 at "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables"

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type : Test vessels were covered with transparent plastic lids
- Material : full glass vessels (29 x 20 x 24 cm) , containing 6 litre test medium
- Aeration : no aeration
- Renewal rate of test solution : As after 72 h the test substance concentration of the lowest concentration was slightly below 80% of the initial concentration the test media were replaced once after approx. 72 hours .
- No. of organisms per vessel : 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates) : 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates) : 1

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water : Local tap water was mixed with deionized water for achieving the appropriate water hardness (250 mg CaCO3/l)
- Intervals of water quality measurement :
* Total hardness of the control water
* pH in the control and test media at the start and after approx. 24,48,72 and 96 hours
* Dissolved oxygen concentration in the control and test media at the start and after approx. 24,48,72 and 96 hours
* The test substance concentrations in the test media were determined at the start and after 24,48,72 and 96 hours
* At replacement of the test media at 72 hours after start of the study the pH-value , temperature , dissolved oxygen concentration and the test substance concentrations of the "old" and the "freshly prepared" media were determined

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Artificial light from 4 a.m. to 8 p.m.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations : 5.6 , 10 , 18 , 32 and 56 mg/l
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study : The concentrations in this test were chosen according to a preliminary test with 100 mg/l in which 3/3 fish died after 24 hours

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 56 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

42 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL : 42 - 42 mg/l

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

30 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL : 23 - 39 mg/l

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

18 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL : 14 - 24 mg/l

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

32 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 6

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

5.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities : In most fish that died decreased swimming activity and loss of equilibrium before death was noted
- Other biological observations : In the surviving animals there were no adverse effects noted
- Mortality of control : no

Results with reference substance (positive control):

No reference substance testing reported

Any other information on results incl. tables

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Mortality : Number of fish at the start of exposure : 7 in each group

Groups	Concentration (mg/l)	Total number of dead fish at hours (approx.) after start of exposure
		0h	24h	48h	72h	96h
Control	0	0	0	0	0	0
A	5,6	0	0	0	0	0
B	10,0	0	0	0	1	1
C	19,0	0	0	0	0	2
D	32,0	0	0	0	4	7
E	56,0	0	1	7	7	7

Except for the lowest concentration the test substance concentrations have been satisfactorily maintained over the test period .

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

pH and temperature were stable throughout the test period . Dissolved oxygen concentration was always higher than 80% of the air saturation at the appropriate temperature

Conclusions:

The study was conducted under GLP compliance and a well documented study report is available. The acute toxicity of pyridine-4-aldehyde to Zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) was determined in a 96 hours semi-static test . The 96 h LC50 value was 18 mg/l (95% CL : 14 - 24 mg/l)

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity to fish of pyridine-2-aldehyde was tested according to EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish) in a semi-static freshwater test with Zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) as test organisms. The study was conducted under GLP compliance. Following a preliminary range-finding study, fish were exposed, in groups of seven, to an aqueous solution of the test material over a range of concentrations of 5.6, 10, 18, 32 and 56 mg/l for a period of 96 hours under semi-static test conditions. All animals were observed for alterations and behavioural changes at setting-in of the fish and about 2, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours afterwards.

The 96-Hour LC50 based on nominal test concentrations was 18 mg/l with 95% confidence limits of 14 - 24 mg/l.