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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 932-349-8 | CAS number: 8006-64-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 3.8 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 75
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEC
- Value:
- 566.5 mg/m³
- Value:
- 284.7 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 3
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.17 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 300
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 250 mg/kg bw/day
- Value:
- 350 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 161 µg/cm²
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 45
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
A. Inhalation route (long term)
Dose descriptor: 50 ppm as an inhalation NOAEC
Basis for dose descriptor: 90-day (5 days/week) inhalation study in mice
Reference: NTP, 2006, TOX-81 - Toxicity studies of alpha-pinene
Modification of dose descriptor: NOAEC mouse (mg/m3) = (NOAEC (ppm) x MW) / Vmol = (50 x 136.24) / 24.05 = 283.24 mg/m3
Corrected NOAEC inhalation worker = NOAEC mouse inhalation x (Mouse Exposure condition (6h) / Worker Exposure condition (8 h)) x (General Pop Respiratory volume (6.7 m3/person) / Worker Respiratory volume (10 m3/person)) = 283.24 x (6/8) x (6.7/10) = 142.33 mg/m3
ASSESSMENT FACTORS |
AF |
Rationale/Source |
Interspecies |
17.5 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Intraspecies |
5 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Duration (subchronic to chronic) |
2 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Human Respiratory Volume / Female Mouse Respiratory Volume = 0.2 / 1.467 (With Human Respiratory Volume = 0.2 L/min/kg bw; Female Mouse Respiratory Ventilation = 2.2 L/h and female mouse BW = 0.025 kg. Thus, Female Mouse Respiratory Ventilation = 2.2 / (60 x 0.025) = 1.467 L/min/kg bw.) |
0.136 |
|
Total AF | 23.8 |
Calculation of DNEL: 142.33 / 23.8 = 5.98 mg/m3
B. Dermal Route (acute local effects)
Dose descriptor: EC3 value
Basis for dose descriptor: LLNA study in mice with beta-pinene
Reference: Pelcot, 2010, Evaluation of skin sensitization potential in mice using the local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Modification of dose descriptor: EC3 = 29 x 250 = 7250 µg/cm²
ASSESSMENT FACTORS |
AF |
Rationale/Source |
Interspecies |
1 |
The EC3 value has been demonstrated to closely correlate with the NOEL from human sensitization tests (Api et al., 2008) |
Intraspecies |
5 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Vehicle or matrix effect |
3 |
Matrix for the product not the same as the experimental conditions and may be designed to enhance penetration |
Exposure considerations |
3 | Taking into account site of body exposed for workers, dermal integrity, effect of occlusion and environmental conditions |
Total AF |
45 |
Calculation of DNEL: 7250 / 45 = 161 µg/cm²
References: Api et al., Dermal sensitization quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for fragrance ingredients, 2008, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 52:3–23
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.674 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 150
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEC
- Value:
- 566.5 mg/m³
- Value:
- 101.2 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 3
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.417 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 600
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 250 mg/kg bw/day
- Value:
- 250 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 81 µg/cm²
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 90
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.417 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 600
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 250 mg/kg bw/day
- Value:
- 250 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL generation plugin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no-threshold effect and/or no dose-response information available
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - General Population
A. Inhalation route (systemic - long term)
Dose descriptor: 50 ppm as an inhalation NOAEC
Basis for dose descriptor: 90-day(5 days/week) inhalation study in mice
Reference: NTP, 2006, TOX-81 - Toxicity studies of alpha-pinene
Modification of dose descriptor: NOAEC mouse (mg/m3) = (NOAEC (ppm) x MW) / Vmol = (50 x 136.24) / 24.05 = 283.24 mg/m3
Corrected NOAEC inhalation GP = NOAEC mouse inhalation x (Mouse Exposure condition (6 h a day and 5 days a week) x General Population Exposure condition (24 h a day and 7 days a week)) = 283,24 x (6/24) x (5/7) = 50.58 mg/ m3
ASSESSMENTFACTORS |
AF |
Rationale/Source |
Interspecies |
17.5 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Intraspecies |
10 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Duration (subchronic to chronic) |
2 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Human Respiratory Volume / Female Mouse Respiratory Volume = 0.2 / 1.467 (With Human Respiratory Volume = 0.2 L/min/kg bw; Female Mouse Respiratory Ventilation = 2.2 L/h and female mouse BW = 0.025 kg. Thus, Female Mouse Respiratory Ventilation = 2.2 / (60 x 0.025) = 1.467 L/min/kg bw.) |
0.136 |
|
Total AF | 47.6 |
Calculation of DNEL: 50.58 / 47.6 = 1.06 mg/m3
B. Oral Route (systemic - long term)
Dose descriptor: 50 ppm as an inhalation NOAEC
Basis for dose descriptor: 90-day(5 days/week) inhalation study in mice
Reference: NTP, 2006, TOX-81 - Toxicity studies of alpha-pinene
Modification of dose descriptor: NOAEC mouse (mg/m3) = (NOAEC (ppm) x MW) / Vmol = (50 x 136.24) / 24.05 = 283.24 mg/m3
NOAEL mouse oral/dermal GP = NOAEC mouse inhalation x Mouse Respiratory Volume for 6 hours of exposure = 283.24 x 0.29 = 82.14 mg/kg/day
Corrected NOAEL oral/dermal GP = NOAEL mouse oral/dermal x (Exposure condition mouse (6 h per day and 5 days per week) / Exposure condition GP (24 h per day and 7 days per week) = 82.14 x (6/24) x (5/7) = 14.66 mg/ kg/ day
ASSESSMENT FACTORS |
AF |
Rationale/Source |
Interspecies |
17.5 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Intraspecies |
10 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Duration (subchronic to chronic) |
2 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Human Respiratory Volume / Female Mouse Respiratory Volume = 0.2 / 1.467 (With Human Respiratory Volume = 0.2 L/min/kg bw; Female Mouse Respiratory Ventilation = 2.2 L/h and female mouse BW = 0.025 kg. Thus, Female Mouse Respiratory Ventilation = 2.2 / (60 x 0.025) = 1.467 L/min/kg bw.) |
0.136 |
|
Total AF | 47.6 |
Calculation of DNEL: 14.66 / 47.6 = 0.31 mg/kg/day
C. Dermal Route (local effects - acute)
Dose descriptor: EC3 value
Basis for dose descriptor: LLNA study in mice with beta-pinene
Reference: Pelcot, 2010, Evaluation of skin sensitization potential in mice using the local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Modification of dose descriptor:EC3 = 29 x 250 = 7250 µg/cm²
ASSESSMENT FACTORS |
AF |
Rationale/Source |
Interspecies |
1 |
The EC3 value has been demonstrated to closely correlate with the NOEL from human sensitization tests (Api et al., 2008) |
Intraspecies |
10 |
Chapter R8, ECHA |
Vehicle or matrix effect |
3 |
Matrix for the product not the same as the experimental conditions and may be designed to enhance penetration |
Exposure considerations |
3 | Taking into account site of body exposed for workers, dermal integrity, effect of occlusion and environmental conditions |
Total AF |
90 |
Calculation of DNEL: 7250/ 90 = 81 µg/cm²
References: Api et al., Dermal sensitization quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for fragrance ingredients, 2008, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 52:3–23
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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