2-Propenoic acid, 2-isocyanatoethyl ester

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Administrative data

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

26 Mar 2010 – 04 Jun 2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Report date:

2010

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 305 (Bioconcentration: Flow-through Fish Test)

Version / remarks:

1996

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

-

EC Number:

482-140-6

EC Name:

-

Cas Number:

13641-96-8

Molecular formula:

Hill formula: C6 H7 N O3 CAS formula: C6 H7 N O3

IUPAC Name:

2-isocyanatoethyl prop-2-enoate

Test material form:

liquid

Radiolabelling:

no

Sampling and analysis

Details on sampling:

- Sampling intervals/frequency for test organisms and test medium samples: After 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days.
- Details on sampling and analysis of test organisms and test media samples (e.g. sample preparation, analytical methods): Obtain water samples for analysis e.g. by siphoning through inert tubing from a central point in the test chamber. Remove 7 fish from the test chambers at each sampling time. Rinse the sampled fish quickly with water, blot "dry", kill instantly, using the most appropriate and humane method, and then weigh.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation of test solutions, spiked fish food or sediment:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Due to the high water solubility of AOI, the stock solution of 1000 mg/L was prepared by dissolving 0.1006 g AOI in 100 mL deionized water. Suitable amounts of stock solution of AOI were removed to the test dilution medium directly through mixing or stirring.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio)
- Source: Obtained from a commercial fish supplier of Guangzhou Hongfa Aquatic Animals Culture Company in China.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): All the test fish have the same source and age.
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): Average body length was 3.0 ± 1.0 cm (including the length of their tail).
- Water for holding/dilution: Water for holding/dilution was the same as in the test.
- Description of housing/holding area: Tanks made of glass with a capacity of approximately twenty five liters were employed.
- Health status: No abnormal appearance or behaviour observed.
- Feeding during test: Feed daily throughout the acclimation and test periods at a level of approximately 1 to 2% of body weight per day.

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Acclimate the stock population of fish for at least two weeks in water at the test temperature and feed throughout on a sufficient diet and of the same type to be used during the test.
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Same as during the test.
- Type and amount of food and feeding frequency: Feed daily throughout the acclimation and test periods at a level of approximately 1 to 2% of body weight per day.
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Following a 48-hour settling-in period, mortalities are recorded and the actual mortalities of fish is less than 5% of population in seven days. Ensure that fish used in tests are free from observable diseases and abnormalities. Discard any diseased fish. Fish hadn't received any treatment for disease in the two weeks preceding the test, or during the test.

Study design

Route of exposure:

aqueous

Test type:

semi-static

Water / sediment media type:

natural water: freshwater

Total exposure / uptake duration:

28 d

Test conditions

Hardness:

139 – 141 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

22.9 – 23.9 °C

pH:

7.27 - 7.35

Dissolved oxygen:

96 – 100%

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Tanks made of glass with a capacity of approximately twenty five liters were employed.
- Aeration: During the test, aeration is not allowed.
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Every 48 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: Randomly assign the test fish to the various treatment levels and controls with 70 fish each 20 L tank.
- Biomass loading rate: The loading rate is 1.0 g of fish (wet . weight) per litre of water.

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Good quality tap water was used in the test and was obtained from uncontaminated and uniform quality source. The water for diluting has the same source. The water was of constant quality during the period of a test. The pH value was within the range 6.0 to 8.5.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 12-16 hours photoperiod daily
- Light intensity: Light intensity: 1000 lux to 1500 lux
- Temperature: 23 °C ± 2 °C
- Water quality measurements: During the test, dissolved oxygen, TOC, pH and temperature were measured in all vessels.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L
Measured: 0.093 - 0.106 mg/L (for 0.1 mg/L), 0.932 - 1.053 mg/L (for 1.0 mg/L)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Details on estimation of bioconcentration:

BASIS INFORMATION
- Measured/calculated logPow: When at the nominal concentration 0.1 mg/L, BCF is between 4.75 - 8.12; When at the nominal concentration 1 mg/L, BCF is between 0.46-0.80. The results show that the BCF value of the AOI is 0.46- 8.12.

BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF BCF
- Calculation: Obtain the uptake curve of the test substance by plotting its concentration inion fish (or specified tissues) in the uptake phase against time on arithmetic scales. If the curve has reached a plateau, that is, become approximately asymptotic to the time axis (changing extent did not exceed ±20%), calculate the steady state BCFss from: BCFss = Cf(steady-state)/Cw( steady - state)
Cf: mean concentration of test substance in fish sample;
Cw: mean concentration of test substance in water sample.

Results and discussion

Bioaccumulation factor

Bioaccumulation factor 1

Conc. / dose:

0.1 mg/L

Temp.:

>= 22.9 - <= 23.8 °C

pH:

7.3

Type:

BCF

Value:

>= 4.75 - <= 8.12 dimensionless

Basis:

not specified

Calculation basis:

steady state

Bioaccumulation factor 2

Conc. / dose:

1 mg/L

Temp.:

>= 23.5 - <= 23.9 °C

pH:

7.3

Type:

BCF

Value:

>= 0.46 - <= 0.8 dimensionless

Basis:

not specified

Calculation basis:

steady state

Details on results:

- Mortality of test organisms: Following a 48-hour settling-in period, mortalities are recorded and the actual mortalities of fish is less than 5% of population in seven days.
- Loss of test substance during test period: The mean recovery of the test material was 97.6% at a nominal concentration of 0.1 mg/L and 99.9% at a nominal concentration of 1 mg/L.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Water Quality Parameters of Test Solutions during the Test

 

Nominal Concentration (mg/L)	Duration (d)	pH	Temperature (°C)	Dissolved oxygen (%)	Hardness (mg/LCaCO3)
0.1	0	7.29	23.5	99	141
	3	7.32	23.0	98	140
	7	7.28	22.9	96	139
	10	7.30	23.6	97	141
	14	7.27	23.7	98	140
	21	7.31	23.8	99	139
	28	7.29	23.5	98	140
1	0	7.28	23.6	99	139
	3	7.35	23.9	97	140
	7	7.32	23.6	99	141
	10	7.30	23.7	100	140
	14	7.31	23.5	98	139
	21	7.31	23.8	99	140
	28	7.32	23.6	97	139

 

 

Table 2: Results BCF and Concentrations of AOI in Water and Fish

 

Days (d)	0.1 mg/L			1 mg/L
	Water (mg/L)	Fish (mg/kg)	BCF	Water (mg/L)	Fish (mg/kg)	BCF
0 (1)	0.099	-	-	0.959	-	-
0 (2)	0.096	-	-	0.963	-	-
3 (1)	0.097	0.55	5.65	0.904	0.60	0.66
3 (2)	0.094	0.56	5.94	0.932	0.59	0.63
7 (1)	0.096	0.68	7.07	0.998	0.50	0.50
7 (2)	0.094	0.66	7.09	0.940	0.59	0.63
10 (1)	0.106	0.61	5.74	1.053	0.63	0.60
10 (2)	0.105	0.60	5.69	1.030	0.68	0.66
14 (1)	0.097	0.92	9.51	1.026	0.84	0.82
14 (2)	0.096	0.64	6.73	0.942	0.74	0.79
21 ( 1)	0.095	0.52	5.47	1.013	0.63	0.62
21 (2)	0.093	0.53	5.73	0.942	0.66	0.70
28 (1)	0.094	0.47	4.97	1.013	0.46	0.46
28 (2)	0.098	0.44	4.53	1.015	0.48	0.47

 

 

Table 3: Validity criteria for OECD 305

 

Criterion from the guideline	Outcome	Validity criterion fulfilled
The temperature variation is less than ± 2 °C	The temperature was maintained 23 °C ± 2 °C	yes
The concentration of dissolved oxygen does not fall below 60% saturation	The concentration of dissolved oxygen did not fall below 96% saturation	yes
The concentration of the test substance in the chambers is maintained within ± 20% of the mean of the measured values during the uptake phase	The concentration of the test substance in the water phase ranged from 93 to 106% in the 0.1 mg/L treatment and from 93% to 105% in the 1 mg/L treatment.	Yes
The mortality or other adverse effects/disease in both control and treated fish is less than 10% at the end of the test; where the test is extended over several weeks or months, death or other adverse effects in both sets of fish should be less than 5% per month and not exceed 30% in all.	Mortalities of fish was less than 5% of population in seven days.	yes

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

See Table 3 in "Any other information on results incl. tables".

Conclusions:

The purpose of the study was to determine bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for fish (Danio rerio) exposed to a test chemical in aqueous solution. During the test, the BCF value of the AOI is 0.46 - 8.12. The bioconcentration factor of the substance AOI in fish is below 10, so has low bioconcentration.