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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
The experimental phases of the study were performed between 08 September 2009 and 26 October 2009.
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2010
Report date:
2010

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 476 (In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method B.17 (Mutagenicity - In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Type of assay:
mammalian cell gene mutation assay

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
2,2'-(octadec-9-enylimino)bisethanol
EC Number:
246-807-3
EC Name:
2,2'-(octadec-9-enylimino)bisethanol
Cas Number:
25307-17-9
Molecular formula:
C22H45NO2
IUPAC Name:
2,2'-(Octadec-9-enylimino)bisethanol
Test material form:
liquid
Details on test material:
- Chemical name : Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oleylamine
- EC number : 246-807-3
- Purity: 100% UVCB
- Batch number: S-001018

Based on the qualitative and quantitative information on the composition, the sample used are representative of the boundary composition shared and agree by each registrant.

Method

Target gene:
Thymidine kinase, TK +/-, locus of the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line.
Species / strain
Species / strain / cell type:
mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells
Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
Type and identity of media:
RPMI 1640 (R0)

Properly maintained:
Yes

Periodically checked for Mycoplasma contamination:
Yes

Periodically checked for karyotype stability:
No

Periodically "cleansed" against high spontaneous background:
Yes
Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
not applicable
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Metabolic activation system:
phenobarbital and beta-naphthoflavone induced rat liver, S9
Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
The maximum dose level used was limited by test material induced toxicity.

Vehicle and positive controls were used in parallel with the test material. Solvent (DMSO) treatment groups were used as the vehicle controls. Ethylmethanesulphonate (EMS) Sigma batch 1419706 15108051 at 400 µg/ml and 150 µg/ml for Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 respectively, was used as the positive control in the absence of metabolic activation. Cyclophosphamide (CP) Acros batch A0164185 at 2 µg/ml was used as the positive control in the presence of metabolic activation.
Vehicle / solvent:
Vehicle used:
Vehicle (DMSO) treatment groups were used as the vehicle controls.


Justification for choice of vehicle:
Formed a solution suitable for dosing at the required concentration.
Controlsopen allclose all
Untreated negative controls:
no
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
Remarks:
Vehicle (DMSO) treatment groups were used as the vehicle controls.
True negative controls:
no
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
cyclophosphamide
Remarks:
With metabolic activation
Untreated negative controls:
no
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
Remarks:
Vehicle (DMSO) treatment groups were used as the vehicle controls.
True negative controls:
no
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
ethylmethanesulphonate
Remarks:
Without metabolic activation
Details on test system and experimental conditions:
The study was conducted according to a method that was designed to assess the potential mutagenicity of the test material on the thymidine kinase, TK +/-, locus of the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line. The method used meets the requirements of the OECD (476), Method B17 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008 of 30 May 2008.

Two independent experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, L5178Y TK +/- 3.7.2c mouse lymphoma cells (heterozygous at the thymidine kinase locus) were treated with the test material at eight dose levels, in duplicate, together with vehicle (solvent) and positive controls using 4-hour exposure groups both in the absence and presence of metabolic activation (2% S9). In Experiment 2, the cells were treated with the test material at eight dose levels using a 4 hour exposure group in the presence of metabolic activation (1% S9) and a 24 hour exposure group in the absence of metabolic activation.

The dose range of test material was selected following the results of a preliminary toxicity test. The dose range for Experiment 1 was 0.31 to 10 µg/ml in the absence of metabolic activation and 1.25 to 20 µg/ml in the presence of metabolic activation. The dose range for Experiment 2 was 0.16 to 5 µg/ml in the absence of metabolic activation, and 1.25 to 20 µg/ml in the presence of metabolic activation.

The maximum dose level used was limited by test material induced toxicity. Precipitate of test material was not observed at any of the dose levels. The vehicle (solvent) controls had acceptable mutant frequency values that were within the normal range for the L5178Y cell line at the TK +/- locus. The positive control materials induced marked increases in the mutant frequency indicating the satisfactory performance of the test and of the activity of the metabolising system.
Evaluation criteria:
Please see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" section.
Statistics:
Please see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" section.

Results and discussion

Test results
Species / strain:
mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Remarks:
non-mutagenic
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
cytotoxicity
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
not applicable
Positive controls validity:
valid
Additional information on results:
Preliminary Toxicity Test

The dose range of the test material used in the repeat of the preliminary toxicity test was 0.31 to 80 µg/ml for all three of the exposure groups.
In all three of the exposure groups there were marked dose related reductions in the Relative Suspension Growth (%RSG) of cells treated with the test material when compared to the concurrent vehicle controls. The toxicity curve was steep in all three of the exposure groups. Precipitate of the test material was not observed at any of the dose levels. In the subsequent mutagenicity experiments the maximum dose was limited by toxicity.

Mutagenicity Test
A summary of the results from the Test is presented in attached Table 1.

Experiment 1

The results of the microtitre plate counts and their analysis are presented in attached Tables 2 to 7.

There was evidence of toxicity following exposure to the test material in both the absence and presence of metabolic activation, as indicated by the %RSG and RTG values. There was no evidence of any significant reductions in viability (%V), therefore indicating that no residual toxicity had occurred. Optimum levels of toxicity were achieved in the presence of metabolic activation (Table 6). Optimum levels of toxicity were not achieved in the absence of metabolic activation due to the very sharp onset of toxicity, despite using a very narrow dose interval. However, with no evidence of a response in either the absence or presence of metabolic activation in this experiment, or in the second experiment where the usual upper limit of acceptable toxicity was exceeded, and the subsequent dose level to the upper surviving dose level exhibiting an excessive level of toxicity, the test material was considered to have been adequately tested (Tables 3 and 6). The excessive toxicity observed at 10 µg/ml in the absence of metabolic activation, resulted in this dose not being plated for viability or 5-TFT resistance. Acceptable levels of toxicity were seen with both positive control substances (Table 3 and Table 6).

Neither of the vehicle control mutant frequency values were markedly outside the acceptable range of 50 to 200 x 10-6 viable cells. The value for the without metabolic activation vehicle control was the lower limit of the range. Both of the positive controls produced marked increases in the mutant frequency per viable cell indicating that the test system was operating satisfactorily and that the metabolic activation system was functional (Tables 3 and 6).

The test material did not induce any statistically significant or dose related (linear-trend) increases in the mutant frequency x 10-6 per viable cell in either the absence or presence of metabolic activation (Tables 3 and 6). No precipitate of test material was observed at any of the dose levels.
The numbers of small and large colonies and their analysis are presented in Tables 4 and 7.

Experiment 2

The results of the microtitre plate counts and their analysis are presented in attached Tables 8 to 13.

As was seen previously, there was evidence of a marked dose-related reduction in % RSG and RTG values in cultures dosed with the test material in the both the absence and presence of metabolic activation. There was no evidence of any significant reductions in viability (%V), therefore indicating that no residual toxicity had occurred in either the absence or presence of metabolic activation. Near optimum levels of toxicity were achieved in the presence of metabolic activation. Optimum levels of toxicity were not achieved in either the absence or presence of metabolic activation due to the sharp onset of toxicity, despite using a very narrow dose interval. However, a dose level that marginally exceeded the usual acceptable upper limit of toxicity was plated for viability and TFT resistance for each of the exposure groups (Tables 9 and 12). It was therefore considered that with no evidence of any response, in either the first or second experiment, using a dose range where optimum levels of toxicity were achieved, approached or exceeded, the test material had been adequately tested. The excessive toxicity observed at 5 µg/ml in the absence of metabolic activation, and at and above 17.5 µg/ml in the presence of metabolic activation, resulted in these doses not being plated for viability or 5-TFT resistance. Both positive controls induced acceptable levels of toxicity (Tables 9 and 12).

The 24-hour exposure without metabolic activation demonstrated that the extended time point had an effect on the toxicity of the test material. It was also noted that the lowering of the S9 concentration to 1% S9 in the second experiment resulted in greater levels of toxicity than those observed in the presence of 2% S9 in the first experiment.

Neither of the vehicle control mutant frequency values were outside the acceptable range of 50 to 200 x 10-6 viable cells. Both of the positive controls produced marked increases in the mutant frequency per viable cell indicating that the test system was operating satisfactorily and that the metabolic activation system was functional (Tables 9 and 12).

The test material did not induce any statistically significant or dose related (linear-trend) increases in the mutant frequency x 10-6 per viable cell in either the absence or presence of metabolic activation (Tables 9 and 12). No precipitate of test material was observed at any of the dose levels.
The numbers of small and large colonies and their analysis are presented in Tables 10 and 13.
Remarks on result:
other: strain/cell type: Thymidine kinase, TK +/-, locus of the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line.
Remarks:
Migrated from field 'Test system'.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Please see Attached "Tables 1 to 10"

Due to the nature and quantity of tables it was not possible to insert them in this section.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative Non-mutagenic

The test material did not induce any toxicologically significant increases in the mutant frequency at the TK +/- locus in L5178Y cells and is therefore considered to be non mutagenic under the conditions of the test.
Executive summary:

Introduction. 

The study was conducted according to a method that was designed to assess the potential mutagenicity of the test material on the thymidine kinase, TK +/-, locus of the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line. The method used meets the requirements of the OECD (476), Method B17 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008 of30 May 2008.

Methods. 

Two independent experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, L5178Y TK +/- 3.7.2c mouse lymphoma cells (heterozygous at the thymidine kinase locus) were treated with the test material at eight dose levels, in duplicate, together with vehicle (solvent) and positive controls using 4-hour exposure groups both in the absence and presence of metabolic activation (2% S9). In Experiment 2, the cells were treated with the test material at eight dose levels using a 4‑hour exposure group in the presence of metabolic activation (1% S9) and a 24‑hour exposure group in the absence of metabolic activation.

The dose range of test material was selected following the results of a preliminary toxicity test. The dose range for Experiment 1 was 0.31 to 10 µg/ml in the absence of metabolic activation and 1.25 to 20 µg/ml in the presence of metabolic activation. The dose range for Experiment 2 was 0.16 to 5 µg/ml in the absence of metabolic activation, and 1.25 to 20 µg/ml in the presence of metabolic activation.

Results. 

The maximum dose level used was limited by test material induced toxicity. Precipitate of test material was not observed at any of the dose levels. The vehicle (solvent) controls had acceptable mutant frequency values that were within the normal range for the L5178Y cell line at the TK +/- locus. The positive control materials induced marked increases in the mutant frequency indicating the satisfactory performance of the test and of the activity of the metabolising system.

The test material did not induce any toxicologically significant dose-related increases in the mutant frequency at any dose level, either with or without metabolic activation, in either the first or the second experiment.

Conclusion. 

The test material was considered to be non-mutagenic to L5178Y cells under the conditions of the test.