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EC number: 942-520-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
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- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
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- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
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- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- July to September 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- 21. July 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Guerbet alcohols, C24-26, branched and cyclic
- EC Number:
- 942-520-9
- Cas Number:
- 2041102-78-5
- Molecular formula:
- not applicable, UVCB
- IUPAC Name:
- Guerbet alcohols, C24-26, branched and cyclic
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Isofol 2426 S
- Substance type: pure active substance
- Physical state: colourless liquid
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature: 20 ± 5 °C
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA97a
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 102
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 from the livers male Sprague-Dawley rats, treated with 500 mg Aroclor 1254/kg bw
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- First experiment: 5000 /1500 / 500 / 150 / 50 µg/plate
second experiment: 5000 / 2500 / 1250 / 625 / 312 / 156 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: ethanol
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: In a preliminary test, the solubility of the test item was determined in demineralised water, DMSO and ethanol. The test item is only soluble in ethanol in a concentration of 50 g/L.
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO and ethanol
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 4-Nitro-1,2-phenylene Diamine, 20 µg/plate, with strains TA97a, TA98 and TA102; Sodium Azide, 1 µg/plate with strains TA100 and TA1535
- Remarks:
- without metabolic activation
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO and ethanol
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-Amino-anthracene, 1 µg/plate, with strains TA97a, TA100, TA102 and TA1535; Benzo-a-pyrene, 20 µg/plyte with strain TA98
- Remarks:
- with metabolic activation
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: plate incorporation in the first experiment; preincubation in the second experiment
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 min (only in the second experiment)
- Exposure duration: 48 h
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY:
- Method:in the main experiments: evaluation of background lawn, reduction in number of revertants in comparison to negativ/solvents control
OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
- Visual counting of mutant colonies, a spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel) was used to calculate mean values and standard deviations.
- Quality control of bacterial strains: genotype confirmation for each batch of bacteria before stock culture preparation: all bacterial strains were tested for histidine requirement, ampicillin resistence, crystal violet sensitivity, UV sensitivity and spontaneous revertants, furthermore the following examinations were performed: determination of titre, toxicity control, sterility control and positive control - Evaluation criteria:
- The colonies were counted visually, the numbers were recorded. A spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel®) was used to calculate mean values and standard deviations of each treatment, solvent control and positive control. The increase factor f(I) of revertant induction (mean revertants divided by mean spontaneous revertants) and the absolute number of revertants (revertants less mean spontaneous revertants) were also calculated.
A substance is considered to have mutagenic potential, if a reproducible increase of revertant colonies per plate in at least one strain exceeding an increase factor of 2 (in tester strains TA 97a, TA98, TA100 and TA102) and an increase factor of 3 (in tester strain TA1535) as compared to the reversion rate of the solvent control can be observed. A concentration-related increase over the range tested can also be taken as a sign of mutagenic activity. - Statistics:
- not performed
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA 97a
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 102
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Water solubility: not soluble in water
- Precipitation: Precipitated/undissolved test item was not observed at any of the concentrations tested.
- Other confounding effects: nothing mentioned
COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA: Nearly all determined values for the spontaneous revertants of the negative controls were in the normal range of the test laboratory, differences were only marginal and no critical impact on the outcome of the study was expected. All positive control showed mutagenic effects with and without metabolic activation.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table #1: First Mutation Assay (Direct Plate Incorporation Method)
TA 97a | TA 98 | TA 100 | ||||||||||
- S9 mix | + S9 mix | - S9 mix | + S9 mix | - S9 mix | + S9 mix | |||||||
Dose level[µg/plate] | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertantsper plate± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) |
H2O | 106 ± 12.7 | - | 112 ± 19.6 | - | 12 ± 4.0 | - | 14 ± 5.6 | - | 101 ± 15.1 | - | 117 ± 10.4 | - |
DMSO | 114 ± 9.0 | - | 98 ± 10.0 | - | 11 ± 2.6 | - | 14 ± 1.7 | - | 117 ± 5.5 | - | 115 ± 3.0 | - |
5000 | 116 ± 11.4 | 1.05 | 121 ± 4.0 | 1.21 | 12 ± 2.1 | 0.86 | 14 ± 0.6 | 1.00 | 113 ± 4.0 | 0.97 | 108 ± 12.2 | 0.95 |
1500 | 118 ± 5.0 | 1.06 | 121 ± 8.0 | 1.21 | 12 ± 2.5 | 0.86 | 11 ± 1.2 | 0.79 | 113 ± 5.1 | 0.97 | 109 ± 13.2 | 0.96 |
500 | 126 ± 1.5 | 1.14 | 125 ± 8.5 | 1.25 | 10 ± 0.6 | 0.71 | 10 ± 1.5 | 0.71 | 112 ± 1.5 | 0.97 | 118 ± 5.0 | 1.04 |
150 | 118 ± 7.4 | 1.06 | 121 ± 6.2 | 1.21 | 12 ± 3.2 | 0.86 | 14 ± 0.6 | 1.00 | 115 ± 9.3 | 0.99 | 111 ± 10.4 | 0.97 |
50 | 102 ± 9.0 | 0.92 | 130 ± 28.4 | 1.30 | 10 ± 0.6 | 0.71 | 12 ± 2.1 | 0.86 | 103 ± 6.1 | 0.89 | 99 ± 9.0 | 0.87 |
Positive controls | 1107 ± 80.5 | 9.71 | 733 ± 95.4 | 7.48 | 333 ± 78.9 | 30.3 | 53 ± 12.2 | 3.79 | 588 ± 143.2 | 5.82 | 660 ± 123.2 | 5.80 |
Ethanol | 111 ± 2.6 | - | 100 ± 8.7 | - | 14 ± 0.6 | - | 14 ± 2.6 | 116 ± 4.9 | 114 ± 4.0 |
f (I) = increase factor of revertant induction (mean revertants divided by mean spontaneous revertants)
Table #1 (continued): First Mutation Assay (Direct Plate Incorporation Method)
TA 102 | TA 1535 | |||||||
- S9 mix | + S9 mix | - S9 mix | + S9 mix | |||||
Dose level [µg/plate] | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) |
H2O | 265 ± 45.5 | - | 400 ± 66.6 | - | 12 ± 1.7 | - | 12 ± 2.6 | - |
DMSO | 288 ± 67.3 | - | 247 ± 36.1 | - | 12 ± 3.1 | - | 11 ± 2 .6 | - |
5000 | 200 ± 14.4 | 0.77 | 284 ± 20.0 | 1.12 | 13 ± 3.1 | 1.30 | 11 ± 1.7 | 0.92 |
1500 | 263 ± 58.3 | 1.02 | 268 ± 24.0 | 1.06 | 11 ± 0.6 | 1.10 | 10 ± 1.2 | 0.83 |
500 | 333 ± 101.5 | 1.29 | 283 ± 10.1 | 1.12 | 9 ± 1.2 | 0.90 | 12 ± 4.4 | 1.00 |
150 | 349 ± 36.1 | 1.35 | 253 ± 26.0 | 1.00 | 9 ± 0.6 | 0.9 | 12 ± 2.5 | 0.1.00 |
50 | 257 ± 92.7 | 0.99 | 308 ± 55.0 | 1.22 | 11 ± 3.2 | 1.10 | 12 ± 2.5 | 1.00 |
Positiv controls | 1051 ± 179 | 3.65 | 1020 ± 179.6 | 4.13 | 113 ± 35.1 | 9.42 | 280 ± 49.2 | 25.45 |
Ethanol | 259 ± 24.4 | - | 253 ± 41.1 | - | 10 ± 1.5 | - | 12 ± 3.8 | - |
f (I) = increase factor of revertant induction (mean revertants divided by mean spontaneous revertants)
Table #2: Second Mutation Assay (Pre-incubation Method)
TA 97a | TA 98 | TA 100 | ||||||||||
- S9 mix | + S9 mix | - S9 mix | + S9 mix | - S9 mix | + S9 mix | |||||||
Dose level [µg/plate] | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) |
H2O | 105 ± 5.5 | - | 138 ± 42.0 | - | 11 ± 1.2 | - | 15 ± 2.5 | - | 109 ± 19.7 | - | 96 ± 3.8 | - |
DMSO | 135 ± 36.4 | - | 144 ± 25.0 | - | 10 ± 0.6 | - | 11 ± 2.0 | - | 114 ± 14.6 | - | 110 ± 22.3 | - |
5000 | 157 ± 4.6 | 0.87 | 193 ± 34.5 | 0.94 | 22 ± 5.2 | 1.62 | 27 ± 7.6 | 2.08 | 95 ± 5.0 | 1.01 | 123 ± 6.4 | 1.12 |
2500 | 191 ± 22.3 | 1.06 | 240 ± 24.3 | 1.17 | 12 ± 1.2 | 0.92 | 20 ± 0.0 | 1.54 | 108 ± 5.6 | 1.15 | 107 ± 10.5 | 0.97 |
1250 | 157 ± 18.9 | 0.87 | 193 ± 14.0 | 0.94 | 14 ± 1.5 | 1.08 | 16 ± 6.5 | 1.23 | 102 ± 6.7 | 1.09 | 108 ± 23.1 | 0.98 |
625 | 132 ± 33.7 | 0.73 | 162 ± 24.3 | 0.79 | 17 ± 0.6 | 1.31 | 17 ± 1.5 | 1.31 | 119 ± 24.3 | 1.27 | 105 ± 30.6 | 0.95 |
312 | 139 ± 18.0 | 0.77 | 162 ± 29.9 | 0.79 | 14 ± 1.2 | 1.08 | 11 ± 0.85 | 1.20 | 106± 19.3 | 1.13 | 105 ± 12.7 | 0.95 |
156 | 196 ± 72.5 | 1.08 | 273 ± 75.1 | 1.33 | 14 ± 4.6 | 1.08 | 15 ± 4.6 | 1.15 | 117 ± 12.5 | 1.24 | 108 ± 7.0 | 0.98 |
Ethanol | 181 ± 25.3 | - | 205 ± 62.1 | - | 13 ± 1.2 | - | 13 ± 3.1 | - | 94 ± 2.0 | - | 110 ± 12.7 | - |
Positive controls | 639 ± 48.9 | 4.73 | 661 ± 108.9 | 4.59 | 227 ± 40.5 | 22.70 | 48 ± 13.5 | 4.36 | 696 ± 30.2 | 6.39 | 729 ± 37.0 | 6.63 |
f (I) = increase factor of revertant induction (mean revertants divided by mean spontaneous revertants)
Table #3 (continued): Second Mutation Assay (Pre-incubation Method)
TA 102 | TA 1535 | |||||||
- S9 mix | + S9 mix | - S9 mix | + S9 mix | |||||
Dose level [µg/plate] | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) | Mean revertants per plate ± SD | f (I) |
H2O | 284 ± 10.6 | - | 236 ± 13.9 | - | 15 ± 1.0 | - | 11 ± 0.6 | - |
DMSO | 229 ± 53.3 | - | 271 ± 37.0 | - | 10 ± 0.6 | - | 12 ± 1.5 | - |
5000 | 285 ± 55.2 | 0.97 | 277 ± 40.5 | 1.19 | 10 ± 0.0 | 0.83 | 10 ± 0.0 | 0.71 |
2500 | 295 ± 26.0 | 1.00 | 271 ± 46.9 | 1.16 | 13 ± 1.5 | 1.08 | 13 ± 1.0 | 0.93 |
1250 | 273 ± 16.7 | 0.93 | 229 ± 40.1 | 0.98 | 12 ± 1.5 | 1.00 | 10 ± 0.0 | 0.71 |
625 | 249 ± 33.5 | 0.84 | 237 ± 8.3 | 1.02 | 10 ± 1.0 | 0.83 | 12 ± 2.1 | 0.86 |
312 | 259 ± 12.9 | 0.88 | 313 ± 25.7 | 1.34 | 10 ± 2.5 | 0.83 | 10 ± 1.5 | 0.71 |
156 | 208 ± 114.8 | 0.71 | 272 ± 97.1 | 1.17 | 10 ± 2.0 | 0.83 | 10 ± 1.5 | 0.71 |
Ethanol | 295 ± 15.0 | - | 233 ± 20.5 | - | 12 ± 3.5 | - | 14 ± 3.0 | - |
Positive controls |
1065 ± 69.0 |
4.65 |
1033 ± 64.8 |
3.81 |
384 ± 186.0 |
25 .6 |
115 ± 17.0 |
9.58 |
f (I) = increase factor of revertant induction (mean revertants divided by mean spontaneous revertants)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The test item did not show mutagenic effects towards Salmonella typhimurium, strains TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535. Therefore, no concentration-effect relationship could be determined. The test item is considered as not mutagenic under the conditions of the test:
- Executive summary:
Two valid experiments were performed following OECD 471 and EU B.13/14 under the conditions of GLP.
First Experiment: Five concentrations of the test item, dissolved in Ethanol (ranging from 50 to 5000 μg/plate) were used. Five genetically changed strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 (genetically manipulated) and TA1535) were exposed to the test item both in the presence and in the absence of a metabolic activation system (liver S9-mix of rats induced by Aroclor 1254) for 48 hours, using the plate incorporation method. None of the concentrations caused a significant increase in the number of revertant colonies in the tested strains. The test item did not show any mutagenic effects in the first experiment. The test item showed no precipitates on the plates in all tested concentrations. No signs of toxicity towards the bacteria could be observed. The background lawn was visible and the number of revertant colonies was not reduced. The sterility control and the determination of the titre did not show any inconsistencies. The determined values for the spontaneous revertants of the negative controls were in the normal range. All positive controls showed mutagenic effects with and without metabolic activation.
Second Experiment: To verify the results of the first experiment, a second experiment was performed, using six concentrations of the test item (ranging from 156 to 5000 μg/plate) and a modification in study performance (pre-incubation method). No significant inrease of the number of revertant colonies in the treatments with and without metabolic activation was observed. No concentration-related increase over the tested range was found. In the highest concentration with metabolic activation (5000 µg/plate) the number of revertant coloies of the stzrain TA98 showed an increase (2.08 fold). But this can be seen as uncritical, because the difference is marginal and no concentration-related increase over the tested range was found
The test item showed no precipitates on the plates in all tested concentrations. No signs of toxicity towards the tested strains cold be observed. The background lawn was visible and the number of revertant colonies was not significantly reduced. The sterility control and the determination of the titre did not show any inconsistencies. The determined values for the spontaneous revertants of the negative controls were in the normal range. All positive controls showed mutagenic effects with and without metabolic activation.
Under the conditions of the test, the test item did not show mutagenic effects towards Salmonella typhimurium, strains TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535. Therefore, no concentration-effect relationship could be determined. The test item is considered as not mutagenic under the conditions of the test.
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