9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, sulfonated, potassium salts

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From November 29, 2007 to December 04, 2007

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPPTS 850.1075 (Freshwater and Saltwater Fish Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Loading (total wet weight of fish per liter of test water): 0.06 g fish/L
- Controls: Negative control (dilution water)

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
- Age at study initiation: Juveniles
- Length at study initiation: 2.5 cm, with a range of 2.4 to 2.7 cm
- Weight at study initiation: 0.12 grams, with a range of 0.11 to 0.14 grams
- Origin: Chesapeake Cultures, Hayes, Virginia 23072

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: At least 14 d

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

Observations of mortality and other signs of toxicity were made approximately 5, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after test initiation.

Hardness:

146 mg/L as CaCo3

Test temperature:

22±1 °C

pH:

8.5-8.6

Dissolved oxygen:

≥ 7.4 mg/L (i.e., 85% of saturation)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentation: 0, 1.9, 3.8, 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:25 L strainless steel aquaria containing 20 L of test solution
- Depth: Approximately 23.7 cm
- Labeled: Project number, test concentration, replicate
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10 fathead minnow per test chamber
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Water obtained from a well approximately 40 meters deep located on the Wildlife International, Ltd. site.
- Well water: Moderately-hard water
- Filtration: The well water was passed through a sand filter to remove particles greater than approximately 25 µm, and pumped into a 37,800 L storage tan where the water was aerated with spray nozzles. Prior to use, the water was filtered to 0.45 µm to remove fine particles.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS (i.e., during the 2-week period preceding the test)
- Water temperature: From 22.2 to 22.8°C (i.e., measured with a hand-held liquid-in-glass thermometer)
- pH: From 8.4 to 8.7 (i.e., measured with a Fisher Scientific Accumet Model 915 pH meter)
- Dissolved oxygen concentrations: From 7.2 to 8.3 mg/L (ie.e., ≥ 83% of saturation) (measured with a Yellow springs Instruments Model 85 dissolved oxygen meter)
- Photoperiod: 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness. a 30 minute transition period of low light intensity was provided at the beginning and end of the 16 h light period
- Light intensity: 138 lux (i.e., measured using a SPER Scientific Model 840006C light meter)
- Diet: During the holding period, fed with a commercially-prepared diet (i.e., supplied by Zeigler Brothers, Inc., Gardners, Pennsylvania).
The fish were not fed for at least 2 d prior to the test or during the test.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: Each test concentration at nominal concentrations were directly mixed with the dilution water in each test chamber. The solutions were mixed using a top-down electric mixer for 1 to 2 minutes.
- After mixing: Test solutions 1.9 to 15 mg/L appeared clear and colorless. Test solution 30 mg/L appeared clear and colorless with white foam on the surface.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

5.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 4.7-7.1

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 3.1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

< 1.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

ca. 1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The median lethal concentrations (i.e., LC50) after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, based on the nominal concentration were calculated using probit analysis.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Cumulative mortality and clinical observations:

Nominal Concentration (mg/L)	Replicate	No. Exposed	5 h		24 h		48 h		72 h		96 h		Cumulative Percent Mortality
			No. Dead1	Obs. 2	No. Dead	Obs.	No. Dead	Obs.	No. Dead	Obs.	No. Dead	Obs.
Negative Control	A	10	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0
	B	10	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN
1.9	A	10	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	5
	B	10	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	0	10 AN	1	9 AN	1	9 AN
3.8	A	10	0	10 AN	1	9 AN	1	9 AN	1	9 AN	1	9 AN	10
	B	10	0	10 AN	1	9 AN	1	9 AN	1	9 AN	1	9 AN
7.5	A	10	0	10 AN	8	2 AN	8	2 C	8	2 AN	8	1 AN; 1 C	70
	B	10	0	10 AN	6	4 AN	6	4 AN	6	4 AN	6	4 AN
15	A	10	5	5 AN	10	--	10	--	10	--	10	--	100
	B	10	6	4 AN	10	--	10	--	10	--	10	--
30	A	10	10	--	10	--	10	--	10	--	10	--	100
	B	10	10	--	10	--	10	--	10	--	10	--
1	Cumulative number of dead fish
2	Observations: AN = appear normal; C = lethargy

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC50 of the test substance in fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, was 5.8 mg/L (i.e. ca. 3.1 mg a.i./L) (nominal). The 96 h NOEC was <1.9 mg/L (i.e. ca. 1.0 mg a.i./L) (nominal).

Executive summary:

A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of the test substance (purity 53%) to fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, according to OECD Guideline 203 and EPA OPPTS 850.1075, in compliance with GLP. No analytical determination of concentration levels was carried out. The cumulative percent mortality observed in the treatment groups was used to determine LC50 values at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Results were presented based on nominal concentrations. Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC50 of the test substance in fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, was 5.8 mg/L (i.e. ca. 3.1 mg a.i./L) (nominal). The 96 h NOEC was <1.9 mg/L (i.e. ca. 1.0 mg a.i./L) (nominal) (Minderhout, 2008).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

3.1 mg/L

Additional information

A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of the test substance (purity 53%) to fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, according to OECD Guideline 203 and EPA OPPTS 850.1075, in compliance with GLP. No analytical determination of concentration levels was carried out. The cumulative percent mortality observed in the treatment groups was used to determine LC50 values at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Results were presented based on nominal concentrations. Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC50 of the test substance in fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, was 5.8 mg/L (i.e. ca. 3.1 mg a.i./L) (nominal). The 96 h NOEC was <1.9 mg/L (i.e. ca. 1.0 mg a.i./L) (nominal) (Minderhout, 2008).