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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
4.88 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECETOC guidance (Technical Report No. 110, October 2010)
Overall assessment factor (AF):
18
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
88 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Corrected inhalatory NOAEC = oral NOAEL (50 mg/kg bw/d) * 1/0.38 m3/kg/d * (ABS oral, rat/ABS inh,human = 100/100) * 6.7 m3/10 m3= 88 mg/m3.    

AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Assuming chronic worker exposure
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Included in the modification of the dose descriptor starting point.
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
3
Justification:
Difference in sensitivity among workers
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Reliable study used
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No reaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.69 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECETOC guidance (Technical Report No. 110, October 2010)
Overall assessment factor (AF):
72
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Corrected dermal NOAEL = oral NOAEL * ABSoral-rat/ABSderm-human = 50 * 100/100 = 50 mg/kg bw

AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Assuming chronic worker exposure
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
3
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Reliable study used
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
4.17 mg/cm²
Most sensitive endpoint:
sensitisation (skin)
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECETOC guidance (Technical Report No. 110, October 2010)
Overall assessment factor (AF):
3
Dose descriptor starting point:
other: 12.5 mg/cm2 (NOAEL)
AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Local effect
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
Justification:
No other differences
AF for intraspecies differences:
3
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1.45 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECETOC guidance (Technical Report No. 110, October 2010)
Overall assessment factor (AF):
30
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
43.55 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Corrected inhalatory NOAEC = oral NOAEL (50 mg/kg bw/d) * 1/1.15 m3/kg/d * (ABS oral, rat/ABS inh,human = 100/100) =  43.5 mg/m3.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
sub-acute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Included in the modification of the dose descriptor starting point
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Difference in sensitivity witin general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Reliable study used.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.42 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECETOC guidance (Technical Report No. 110, October 2010)
Overall assessment factor (AF):
120
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Corrected dermal NOAEL = oral NOAEL * ABSoral-rat/ABSderm-human = 50 * 100/100 = 50 mg/kg bw

AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
sub-acute to chronic extrapolation
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
2.5 mg/cm²
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECETOC guidance (Technical Report No. 110, October 2010)
Overall assessment factor (AF):
5
Dose descriptor starting point:
other: NOAEL of 12.5 mg/cm2
AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Local effect
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.42 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECETOC guidance (Technical Report No. 110, October 2010)
Overall assessment factor (AF):
120
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
50 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

No modification needed, oral study was used.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
sub-acute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - General Population