3-chloroaniline

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: OECD guideline study with acceptable restrictions.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Phytotoxicity studies with Lactuca sativa in soil and nutrient solution

Author:

Hulzebos EM, Adema DMM, Dirven-van Breemen, Henzen L, van Dis, WA, Herbold, HA, Hoekstra JA, Baerselman, R, van Gestel CAM

Year:

1993

Bibliographic source:

Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12 (6): 1079-1094

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

3-chloroaniline

EC Number:

203-581-0

EC Name:

3-chloroaniline

Cas Number:

108-42-9

Molecular formula:

C6H6ClN

IUPAC Name:

3-chloroaniline

Test material form:

other: liquid

Details on test material:

- Purity: ≥ 95 %

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Soil tests:
3-chloroaniline was dissolved in water, added to the soil, and thoroughly mixed with a household mixer. 3-chloroaniline has a low water solubility, also it was either dissolved in acetone and/or mixed with a small amount of quartz sand. The compound was mixed through the soil using the quartz sand as a carrier.
Nominal concentrations in micrograms per gram dry soil were spaced by a factor of 3.2. Duplicate trays were used for the control and for at least three tes concentrations. The 0.25 L plastic trays contained 400 g of soil at 25 to 30 % moisture content (80 % of the water-holding capacity). In each tray 10 seeds were sown. The trays were covered with glass plates until germination of seedings. After removal of the glass plates, exporation of water was compensated daily by adding demineralized water. Only the first five germinated seedings were required, and any additional germinated seedings were discarded. After 7 and 14 days, shoots were harvested by cutting them off at soil level: the fresh weight of each plant was determined immediately after harvesting. Water content and pH of the soli were checked at the start and the end of the experiment.

Test substrate

Vehicle:

yes

Test organisms

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Plant group:

other: no data

Study design

Test type:

seedling emergence toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

natural soil

Total exposure duration:

14 d

Test conditions

Test temperature:

21 ± 4 °C

pH:

7.5

Moisture:

25 - 30 %

Details on test conditions:

- Test container: 0.25 L plastic trays
- Amount of soil: 400 g
- No. of seeds per container: 10

Nominal concentration (µg/g dry soil) were spaced by a factor of 3.2.
Duplicate trays were used for the control and for the least three test concentrations.
Soil was collected twice from an orchard.

- Photoperiod: 16 hour light/8 hour darkness, assuming an average wavelength of 400 to 700 nm;
- Light intensity: luminance of 350 ± 50 μE/m2/s, measured at the top of the canopy.
- Day/night temperatures: 25 ± 3 °C during the day, 20 ± 3 °C during the night;
- Relative humidity (%): 40 ± 5 % during light periods and 80 ± 5 % during dark periods;

Nominal and measured concentrations:

When necessary a range-finding test could be performed to provide guidance on concentrations/rates to be tested in definitive dose-response study. For the range-finding test, the test concentrations/rates should be widely spaced (e.g. 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil). For crop protection products concentrations/rates could be based on the recommended or maximum concentration or application rate, e.g. 1/100, 1/10, 1/1 of the recommended/maximum concentration or application rate.

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

15 mg/kg soil ww

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks on result:

other: (12 - 19 µg/g)

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The acute toxcity of terrestrial plants ( Lactuca satvia) was determined during a period of 14 days. An EC50 of 15 µg/g soil was measured.

Executive summary:

The acute toxcity of terrestrial plants ( Lactuca satvia) was determined during a period of 14 days. An EC50 of 15 mg/kg soil was measured.