α,α,6,6-tetramethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene-2-propionaldehyde

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2015-09-02 till 2015-09-07

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

GLP compliant, guideline study, available as unpublished report, no restrictions, fully adequate for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2015

Report date:

2015

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

TNO Triskelion, Utrechtseweg 48, 3700 AV, Zeist

Test material

Test material information

1

Reference substance name:

α,α,6,6-tetramethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene-2-propionaldehyde

EC Number:

251-718-8

EC Name:

α,α,6,6-tetramethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene-2-propionaldehyde

Cas Number:

33885-52-8

Molecular formula:

C14H22O

IUPAC Name:

3-{6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-2-yl}-2,2-dimethylpropanal

Test material form:

liquid

In vitro test system

Test system:

human skin model

Remarks:

EpiDerm™ (EPI-200) skin model

Source species:

human

Cell type:

non-transformed keratinocytes

Cell source:

foreskin from a single donor

Source strain:

other: Not relevant

Details on test system:

The EpiDerm™ (EPI-200) skin model consisted of normal human epidermal keratinocytes from one single donor, derived from neonatal-foreskin tissue. The keratinocytes were plated on chemically modified, collagen-coated, 9 mm ID cell culture inserts (surface area 0.64 cm2). The skin models are commercially available and were obtained from MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories (IVLSL), Slovakia.

Preliminary tests:
- Some chemicals are known to change into a coloured substance in aqueous conditions and consequently stain tissues during the exposure. To determine this possibility, 30 μL of the test substance was incubated in 300 μL MilliQ water for 60 min at ca. 37 ºC and 5% CO2 and a colour change was assessed visually. Some chemicals are known to non-specifically reduce MTT, resulting in a blue/purple precipitate and/or blue/purple staining of a MTT solution. To test the MTT reducing capacity of the test substance, 30 μL of the test substance was incubated in 1 mL of a MTT solution (1 mg/mL) for 185 min at ca. 37ºC and 5% CO2 and the formation of a blue/purple formazan product was assessed visually. Based on the results, the negative control and test substance were applied to frozen controls (n=2 per test group) in the in vitro skin irritation test. To test if the test substance had the potential to damage a nylon mesh, a mesh compatibility test was performed in which 30 μL of the test substance was applied to a nylon mesh. After 60 min incubation at ambient temperature, the possible interaction with the mesh was visually checked using a microscope.

Exposure to study substances:
- The skin models were topically exposed to 30 μL of the test substance, negative or positive control, at the end of the acclimatization period. Immediately after application a nylon mesh was placed on the skin model surface to facilitate an equal distribution of the study substances. Exposure was initiated at ambient temperature. After dosing the last skin model, all skin models were transferred to a humidified incubator (ca. 37ºC and 5% CO2). Frozen controls were included as required. After 36 min, the plates were removed from the incubator and kept at ambient temperature until the exposure period of 60 min was completed. Subsequently, the skin models were removed from the well, washed using an excess of PBS to remove the study substances and mesh. The skin models were transferred to a clean 6-well plate containing fresh NMM (900 μL/well) and incubated in a humidified incubator (ca. 37ºC and ca. 5% CO2). Medium was refreshed after 18 h post-exposure. Following an additional 24 h incubation period (i.e. the total post-exposure period was 42 h), viability was determined using the MTT test

MTT test:
- The MTT solution of 1 mg/mL was freshly prepared by diluting MTT concentrate five times in MTT diluent. The inserts were transferred to a 24-well plate containing 300 μL of MTT solution per well. After 178 min incubation in a humidified incubator at ca. 37 ºC and 5% CO2, the skin models were rinsed three times with PBS. The formazan product was extracted from the skin model using 2 mL MTT extractant (provided with the MTT-100 assay kit). Extraction was performed at 2-10 ºC for three days. Following extraction, the optical density was measured in triplicate in 200 μL sub fractions per well in a 96-well plate using a spectrophotometer set at 570 nm. MTT extractant was used as blank. The mean optical density (OD) was calculated and expressed as the percentage viability compared to the negative control (mean tissue viability).

Interpretation of results:
- The OD of the viable skin models was corrected for non-specific MTT reduction of the test substance according to the following formula: True OD = mean OD viable skin models treated with the test substance – mean OD frozen controls, where mean OD frozencontrols = mean OD of the frozen controls treated with the test substance – the mean OD of the frozen controls treated with the negative control.
- If the non-specific reduction of MTT by the test substance was comparable to the negative control, a correction is not required. If the non-specific reduction of MTT by the test substance was > 30% compared to the negative control, the test substance will be considered incompatible with the test (expert judgement).
- The in vitro skin corrosion test was considered valid if the OD of the negative control was ≥ 0.8 and ≤ 2.8, the OD of the blank was < 0.1, and skin models treated with the positive control showed mean tissue viability ≤ 20% compared to the negative control
- The test was considered invalid if the test did not meet these acceptance criteria.
- The test group was considered valid if the SD calculated from individual tissue viability percentages of the three replicates was ≤ 18%. Test substances showing tissue viabilities in a range of 30-70% may show standard deviation (SD) > 18%. If this was typical for the test substance, and consistent in a repeat experiment, the results were accepted, although the acceptance criterion was not met.
- The test group was considered invalid (inconclusive) if the SD calculated from individual tissue viability percentages of the three replicates was >18% and if the test was not repeated.
- The in vitro irritation potential of the test substance was determined from the relative mean tissue viabilities compared to the negative control tissues, using the following prediction model:

Mean tissue viability (% of negative control) Prediction
Mean tissue viability ≤ 50 % Irritant
Mean tissue viability > 50 % Non-irritant (No Category)

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 30 uL
- Concentration: Undiluted

Duration of treatment / exposure:

60 minutes

Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):

42 hours

Number of replicates:

3

Results and discussion

In vitro

Results

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Remarks:

% of negative control

Run / experiment:

mean

Value:

105

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

Time point: 60 min. Max. score: 100.0. Remarks: (SD = 11)

Other effects / acceptance of results:

Preliminary tests
- At the end of the incubation period of the test substance in MilliQ, the solution did not significantly changed colour to blue/purple, indicating that there would be no colour interference in the test. Therefore, no additional controls were required in the in vitro skin irritation test.
- At the end of the incubation period of the test substance with a MTT solution, the MTT solution showed a purple top layer, indicating that the test substance had the potential to reduce MTT. Therefore, frozen controls were included in the in vitro skin irritation test.
- During the mesh compatibility test it was observed that the test substances did not damage the nylon mesh and therefore the nylon mesh was used in the in vitro skin irritation test to facilitate equal distribution of the test substance.

In vitro skin irritation test:
- The OD of the blank, the negative control (PBS) and the positive control (5% SDS) demonstrated the expected response. The SD calculated from individual tissue viability percentages of the three replicates was <18%. All acceptance criteria were met and therefore the study was considered valid.
- The OD of the frozen control membranes exposed to the test substance was comparable to the OD of the frozen control membranes exposed to the negative control. Therefore no data correction was applied.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

other: Not a skin irritant

Remarks:

in accordance with EU CLP (EC 1272/2008 and its updates)

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions (OECD 439 and GLP) the test substance is not considered to be a skin irritant.

Executive summary:

In accordance to OECD guideline 439 and GLP the test substance was examined for its in vitro skin irritation potential using EpiDerm™ reconstructed skin membranes. In the in vitro skin irritation test, the skin membranes were topically exposed to the undiluted test substance for 60 min. The test was performed in triplicate. Viability of the epidermal cells was assessed using the MTT test after 42 h of culture. Negative and positive controls were run in parallel. All acceptance criteria were met and therefore the study was considered valid. After exposure to the test substance the mean tissue viability was 105 ± 11 % compared to the concurrent negative control group. Based on the results obtained in the present study the test substance is not considered to be a skin irritant.