4-methylmorpholine

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

No data

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods

Remarks:

Test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions (e.g. no analytical verification of test item concentrations; test item is assumed to be stable over the exposure period).

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: German Industrial Standard DIN 38412, part 15

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 4-Methylmorpholin
- Substance type: pure active substance
- Physical state: liquid, colourless
- Analytical purity: > 99%

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test item was added to the test water as an aqueous solution (10% w/v), subsequently the fish were added to the test vessel.

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Golden orfe
- Source: Fischzucht Paul Eggers, D-2354 Hohenwestedt, Germany
- Length at study initiation (mean, range): 6.9 cm (6.0 - 7.9 cm)
- Weight at study initiation (mean, range): 2.8 g (1.7 - 4.1 g)
- Feeding during test: withdrawal of food one day before and during the test



ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 2 weeks
- Acclimation conditions: similar, but flow through conditions were used instead of static conditions
- Type and amount of food: "FUKOSALM" - growing feed 1, FUKO - Kraftfutterfabrik, D-7900 Ulm, Germany; amount: ad libitum
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): 2.3 % mortality (medical treatment: 1x 0.05 mg/L malachite green chloride, 1x 10 mg/L tetracycline hydrochloride

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/L

Test temperature:

21 °C

pH:

7.5 to 8.9

Dissolved oxygen:

> 6 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal test concentrations: 0.0 (control), 31.6, 46.4, 68.1, 100.0, 147.0, 215.0, 316.0 and 464.0 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material, size, fill volume: all-glass aquarium; 30 cm x 22 cm x 24 cm; 10 L volume
- Aeration: slight (oil-free air)

- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 2.8 g fish/L


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted freshwater according to DIN 38 412 part 11, draft Sep 1981. Preparation from fully demineralized tap water
- Metals:
294 .0 mg/l CaCl2 * 2 H20
123 .3 mg/l MgS04 * 7 H20
64 .8 mg/l NaHCO3
5 .8 mg/l KCl
- Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1
- Conductivity: 10 µMHO
- Acid capacity: 0.8 mmol/L

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h : 8 h day-night-regime

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- mortality and symptoms of distress after 1, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h - pH, oxygen content and temperature at test start and after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

chloracetamide

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 316 - < 464 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

behaviour

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

215 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

464 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: gasping and tumbling were observed in the test concentrations above 100 mg/L.
- Mortality of control: 0%
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- LC50: 48-h LC50: ca. 27 mg/L
- Other: This lethal concentration corresponds to the normal sensitivity.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Cumulative mortality

Concentration	Dead fish (n)
(mg/L)	1h	4h	24h	48h	72h	96h
0.0 (Control)	0	0	0	0	0	0
31.6	0	0	0	0	0	0
46.4	0	0	0	0	0	0
68.1	0	0	0	0	0	0
100.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
147.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
215.0	0	0	0	0	0	0
316.0	0	0	0	1	1	1
464.0	0	2	6	9	10	10

Observed symptoms

Concentration	Observed symptoms
(mg/L)	1h	4h	24h	48h	72h	96h
0.0 (Control)
31.6
46.4
68.1
100.0
147.0				g	g
215.0			g	g	g	g
316.0			g	g	g	g
464.0	g	t	g	g

g = gasping

t = tumbling

pH values

Concentration	pH
(mg/L)	Start	24h	48h	72h	96h
0.0 (Control)	7.8	7.7	7.7	7.7	7.8
31.6	8.2	7.8	7.8	7.8	7.8
46.4	8.3	7.5	7.5	7.5	7.4
68.1	8.2	7.9	7.9	7.9	7.8
100.0	8.3	7.8	7.7	7.8	7.7
147.0	8.6	7.9	7.8	7.8	7.8
215.0	8.7	8.0	7.9	7.9	7.9
316.0	8.8	8.2	7.9	7.8	7.8
464.0	8.9	8.4	8.2	8.2	-

The oxygen content was at least 6.0 mg/L in all test vessels at all time points.

 

The temperature was reported to be 21 °C throughout the test.

Conclusions:

The lowest LC50 value from the range resulting from the key study (316 mg/L) is taken as a worst case approach for further assessment.

Description of key information

The lowest LC50 value from the range resulting from the key study (316 mg/L) is taken as a worst case approach for further assessment.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

316 mg/L

Additional information

Short-term toxicity of the test substance to fish was investigated by exposing Leusciscus idus (Golden orfe) during 96 hours in a static test, according to the German Industrial Standard DIN 38412, part 15. This resulted in an LC50 value of > 316 and < 464 mg/L, and a NOEC of 100 mg/L.