Oleic acid, compound with (Z)-N-octadec-9-enylpropane-1,3-diamine

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

from 2018-10-15 to 2018-10-19 with the definitive exposure phase from 2018-10-16 to 2018-10-19, at the test facility.

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Test item N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3-propanediamine mono oleate (100%)

CAS no 40027-38-1

Batch no. P15-005

Purity (certified) 99.62% (100% - water content)
0.38% (water content)

Water solubility 80 mg/L (CMC acc. to OECD 115)

Appearance Beige molten (paste-like)

Stability under test not specified
conditions

Best before date 2020-02-18

Recommended storage Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well ventilated place. Avoid elevated temperatures.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Determination of the test item All loading levels and the control were analytically verified via LC-MS/MS at the start (0 hours) and at the end of the exposure (72 hours) with algae. The samples were analyzed under GLP with an LC-MS/MS method, which has been implemented under non-GLP and documented finally in the GLP raw data. The method was validated.
The samples were analysed with an LC-MS/MS method, implemented under non-GLP and documented in the GLP raw data. The method was validated.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF)
In view of the difficulties associated with the evaluation of aquatic toxicity of poorly water soluble and multi component test items, a modification of the standard method for the preparation of aqueous media was performed.
 
An approach endorsed by several important regulatory authorities in the EU and elsewhere (ECETOC 1996 and OECD 2000) is to expose the organisms to a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) of the test item in cases where the test item is a complex mixture and is poorly soluble in water and in the permitted solvents. Using this approach, aqueous media were prepared by mixing the test item with water for a prolonged period sufficient to ensure equilibration between the test item and the water phase. After completion of mixing and following a settlement period, the test item phase was separated by siphon and the test organisms were exposed to the aqueous phase, the WAF (which may contain dissolved and/or suspended and/or emulsified fractions of the test item mixture). Exposure was expressed in terms of the original concentration of the test item in water at the start of the mixing period (loading rate) irrespective of the actual concentration of the test item in the WAF.

Preparation of the water accommodated fraction
Five water accommodated fractions (WAF) were prepared with a nominal loading of the test item of 0.0800 – 0.253 – 0.800 – 2.53 – 8.00 mg/L (spacing factor √10). The loading levels are based on the results of a preliminary range finding test (non-GLP, open system).

For the loading levels of 8.00 and 2.53 mg/L an appropriate amount of the test item was weighed out. The test item was applied onto a glass slide. The glass slide with the test item was inserted into a brown glass flask with an appropriate amount of demineralized water. These dispersions were shaken for at least 24 hours with 20 rpm at room temperature. Undissolved particles were removed by membrane filtration (membrane filter 0.45 µm, RC, Macherey-Nagel). The filter was saturated in order to avoid adsorption during the filtration. The first 25 mL of the filtrate were discarded. The filtration was interrupted for 15 minutes to allow adsorption and saturation of the filter material with dissolved test item. Thereafter, the filtration was continued. The next 25 mL were discarded. The following water soluble fraction (WSFs) were used in the test. During filtration, the filter was always be kept covered. The solutions were checked via laser beam (Tyndall effect) for undissolved test item. The Tyndall effect was negative. The components of the dilution water were added to the WSF. The loading levels 0.0800, 0.253 and 0.800 were prepared by diluting the WAF with a loading of 2.53 mg/L with dilution water.

Test loading
Per definition of the WAF, all terms related to concentration level were given as loading level.

 
Control Six replicates (without test item) were tested under the same test conditions as the test item replicates.

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata HINDÁK CCAP 278/4
- Strain: CCAP 278/4
- Source (laboratory, culture collection):
Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP)
SAMS Research Services Ltd
Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory
Dunbeg, OBAN; Argyll PA37 1QA; Scotland, UK

- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 4 days
- Method of cultivation: Fresh stocks were prepared every month on Z-Agar. Light intensity amounted to 2590 – 5180 lux corresponding to 35 - 70 µE ∙ m-2 ∙ s-1 for 24 h per day.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Post exposure observation period:

No

Hardness:

Not specified

Test temperature:

min.: 22.0 max.: 24.0 mean value: 23.0

pH:

Nominal test item loadings pH-values
[mg/L] Start; 0 hours End; 72 hours
8.00 7.86 8.25
2.53 7.89 8.29
0.800 7.91 8.32
0.253 7.93 8.98
0.0800 7.94 9.28
Control 8.11 9.20

Dissolved oxygen:

Not measured

Salinity:

Not measured, freshwater conditions

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): open, cotton wool plugs
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: sterile 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, test volume 100 mL
- Aeration: Test containers were placed on a rotary shaker and oscillated at appr. 70 rpm
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): None
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): One application at test start
- Initial cells density: Nominal: approximately 2 - 5 x 10^3 cells/mL, Actual: mean 6442 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: Mean 1759810 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6


GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
Composition of Dilution Water
according to the guideline
Component Concentration [mg/L]
NH4Cl 15
MgCl2 x 6 H2O 12
CaCl2 x 2 H2O 18
MgSO4 x 7 H2O 15
KH2PO4 1.6
FeCl3 x 6 H2O 0.064 a2
EDTA x 2 H2O 0.1
H3BO3 0.185
MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.415
ZnCl2 3 x 10^-3
Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O 7 x 10^-3
CoCl2 x 6 H2O 1.5 x 10^-3
CuCl2 x 2 H2O 1 x 10^-5
NaHCO3 50
pH 8.1 ± 0.2

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 24 h
- Light intensity and quality: Approximately 4440 to 8880 lux, corresponding to 60 to 120
µE ∙ m-2 ∙ s-1, mean value: 6031 lux,measured: 5053 - 6234 w,ith a mean of 5560 lux


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
-Chlorophyll a-fluorescence
The cell density was measured daily via Chlorophyll a-fluorescence, excitation at 436 nm, emission at 685 nm. Dilution water was used as a background signal. No self-fluorescence was found in the definitive test in the saturated solution.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

(Potassium dichromate)

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EL10

Effect conc.:

0.232 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: CI: (0.0993 - 0.638)

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

0.276 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: CI: (0.116 - 0.669)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

0.197

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Remarks on result:

other: CI: (0.0908 - 0.247)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EL10

Effect conc.:

0.1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Remarks on result:

other: CI: ()

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

0.005 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: CI: (0.00254 - 0.0158)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.006 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: CI: (0.00268 - 0.0166)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

0.003 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Yield inhibition

Remarks on result:

other: CI (< 0.00250 - 0.00571)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.005 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Yield inhibition

Remarks on result:

other: CI: (0.00258 - 0.00583)

Details on results:

- Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test):
- Unusual cell shape: No
- Colour differences: No
- Flocculation: No
- Adherence to test vessels: No
- Aggregation of algal cells: No
- Other: The test media were clear throughout the test period.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The toxicity of potassium dichromate (SIGMA ALDRICH, batch number MKBV0900V, purity 99.0%, CAS RN 7778-50-9) to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined over a period of 72 hours from 2018-09-25 to 2018-09-28. The reference item toxicity is in the valid range following test facility SOPS.

EC50-Values of the Reference Item
based on nominal concentrations mg/L, (0-72 hours)
Current Study Valid Range (average ± 3 x SD)
Growth Rate inhibition
ErC50 0.799 0.753 ± 0.544
95% confidence interval 0.707 – 1.30
Yield inhibition
EyC50 0.607 0.407 ± 0.313
95% confidence interval 0.404 – 0.694
SD = Standard deviation

Reported statistics and error estimates:

EL-values, EC-values and statistical analyses
EL10-, EL20- and EL50-values (based on nominal loadings) and EC10-, EC20- and EC50-values (based on geometric mean measured test item concentration) with confidence intervals of growth rate and yield inhibition after 72 hours were calculated by sigmoidal dose-response regression.

NOEL, LOEL and statistical analyses
The NOEL and LOEL were determined by calculation of statistically significant differences of growth rates and yield.
The following statistical tests were conducted:

Shapiro-Wilk’s test on normal distribution was calculated with a significance level of 0.01.

Levene’s test on variance homogeneity was calculated with a significance level of 0.01.

Multiple Sequentially-rejective Welsh-t-test after Bonferroni-Holm was done for growth rate with a significance level of 0.05.

Monotonicity of Concentration/Response was calculated by trend analysis by contrasts (significance level 0.05) for yield.

Williams Multiple Sequential t-test Procedure was performed for yield with a significance level of 0.05.


Software
The data for the tables in this report were computer-generated and have been rounded for presentation from the full derived data. Consequently, if calculated manually based on the given data minor deviations may occur from these figures.

Calculations were carried out using software
• Excel, MICROSOFT CORPORATION
• SigmaPlot, SPSS INC.
• GraphPad Prism, GRAPHPAD SOFTWARE, INC.
• ToxRat Version 3.2.1, ToxRat Solutions GmbH

Cell Densities

Nominal test item loading	Replicate	Cell density [cells/mL]
[mg/L]	No.	0 hours	24 hours	48 hours	72 hours
8.00	1	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	2	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	3	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	Mean	6442	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
2.53	1	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	2	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	3	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	Mean	6442	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
0.800	1	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	2	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	3	6442	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density	<LOQCell density
	Mean	6442	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
0.253	1	6442	6703	30197	253967
	2	6442	8671	75180	569021
	3	6442	8912	53473	566961
	Mean	6442	8095	52950	463316
0.0800	1	6442	17968	223234	1464633
	2	6442	23797	245556	1511453
	3	6442	24244	122146	1907411
	Mean	6442	22003	196979	1627832
Control	1	6442	23378	299903	1875933
	2	6442	26888	304858	2041367
	3	6442	27481	249806	2054673
	4	6442	24969	255576	1205609
	5	6442	26262	290996	1607327
	6	6442	28062	260332	1773952
	Mean	6442	26173	276912	1759810

LOQ_celldensity= 2653 N/mL                    n.a. = not available

Evaluation after 72 hours

             Statistically significant differences of growth rates and yield compared to
                  control values are marked (+), not significant differences are marked (-).

 

Nominal test item loading	Replicate	Growth rate		Inhibition of growth rate	Yield		Inhibition of yield
[mg/L]	No.	[d^-1]		[%]	[cells/mL]		[%]
8.00	1		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	2		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	3		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	Mean	(+)	n.a.	100	(+)	n.a.	100
2.53	1		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	2		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	3		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	Mean	(+)	n.a.	100	(+)	n.a.	100
0.800	1		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	2		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	3		n.a.	100		n.a.	100
	Mean	(+)	n.a.	100	(+)	n.a.	100
0.253	1		1.23	34		247525	86
	2		1.49	20		562579	68
	3		1.49	20		560519	68
	Mean	(+)	1.40	25	(+)	456874	74
0.0800	1		1.81	3		1458191	17
	2		1.82	2		1505011	14
	3		1.90	-2		1900969	-8
	Mean	(-)	1.84	1	(-)	1621390	8
Control	1		1.89			1869491
	2		1.92			2034925
	3		1.92			2048231
	4		1.74			1199167
	5		1.84			1600885
	6		1.87			1767510
	Mean		1.87			1753368

n.a. = not available

Section-by-Section and Average Specific Growth Rates of the Control Group
(0 – 72 hours)

	Replicate No.	Specific growth rate [d^-1]			Mean (0 - 72 hours)	SD ±	CV [%]	Mean CV [%]
		section-by-section
		0 - 24 hours	24 - 48 hours	48 - 72 hours
Control	1	1.29	2.55	1.83	1.89	0.633	33.5	26.4
	2	1.43	2.43	1.90	1.92	0.500	26.0
	3	1.45	2.21	2.11	1.92	0.411	21.4
	4	1.36	2.33	1.55	1.74	0.513	29.4
	5	1.41	2.41	1.71	1.84	0.513	27.9
	6	1.47	2.23	1.92	1.87	0.380	20.3
				Mean	1.87
				SD ±	0.07
				CV [%]	3.57

 

SD = Standard deviation    CV = Coefficient of variation

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

In this study, N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3-propanediamine mono oleates (100%) was found to inhibit the growth of the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata after 72 hours with the following effect values based on nominal test item loadings and the geometric mean measured test item concentrations: The EL50-values with 95% confidence intervals for inhibition of growth rate (ErL50) and yield (EyL50) after 72 hours were 0.276 (0.116 – 0.669) mg/L and 0.197 (0.0908 – 0.247) mg/L, respectively. The EL10-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErL10) and yield (EyL10) after 72 hours were 0.232 (0.0993 – 0.638) mg/L and 0.0995 (< 0.0800 – 0.236) mg/L, respectively.
The EC50-values with 95% confidence intervals for inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours were 0.00644 (0.00268 – 0.0166) mg/L and 0.00473 (0.00258 – 0.00583) mg/L, respectively. The EC10-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErC10) and yield (EyC10) after 72 hours were 0.00539 (0.00254 – 0.0158) mg/L and 0.00278 (< 0.00250 – 0.00571) mg/L, respectively.

Executive summary:

The toxicity of N-(Oleylalkyl)- 1,3-propanediamine mono oleates (100%) to freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined according to the principles of OECD 201 and Council Regulation (EC) No. 266/2016 C.3. The aim of the study was the determination of NOEL, LOEL, EL₁₀, EL₂₀- and EL₅₀-values and NOEC, LOEC, EC₁₀, EC₂₀- and EC₅₀-values of growth rate and yield over a period of 72 hours.

 

The study was conducted under static conditions with an initial cell density of 6442 cells/mL. As the test item is poorly water soluble substance,five water accommodated fractions (WAF) with the nominal test item loadings 0.0800 -0.253 – 0.800 - 2.53 - 8.00 mg/L (factor√10) were prepared as described in section 4.2.Three replicates were tested for each test item loading and six replicates for the control. The environmental conditions were within the acceptable limits.

 

The test media were clear throughout the test period. The concentrations of the test item N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3-propanediamine mono oleates (100%)in all test concentration levels and the control were analytically verified by LC-MS/MS at the start and at the end of exposure.

 

The measured concentrations of the test item were between 1 and 6% of the nominal value at the start of the exposure (0 hours) and between 1 and 2% of the nominal value at the end of the exposure (72 hours).

 

Therefore, all effect values given are based on the nominal test item loadings ofN-(Oleylalkyl)- 1,3-propanediamine mono oleates (100%).

 

NOEL, LOEL, EL_x-values and 95% Confidence Intervals of N-(Oleylalkyl)- 1,3-propanediamine mono oleates (100%) (0 - 72 hours)

                  based on nominal test item loadings [mg/L]

	Growth Rate Inhibition
	Nominal test item loading [mg/L]
NOEL	0.0800
LOEL	0.253
ErL10	0.232 (0.0993 – 0.638)
ErL20	0.248 (0.107 – 0.644)
ErL50	0.276 (0.116 – 0.669)
	Yield Inhibition
	Nominal test item loading [mg/L]
NOEL	0.0800
LOEL	0.253
EbL10	0.0995 (< 0.0800 – 0.236)
EbL20	0.136 (0.0823 – 0.239)
EbL50	0.197 (0.0908 – 0.247)

 

NOEC, LOEC, EC_x-values and 95% Confidence Intervals ofN-(Oleylalkyl)- 1,3-propanediamine mono oleates (100%)(0 - 72 hours)

                  based on geometric mean measured test item concentration [mg/L]

	Growth Rate Inhibition
	Geometric mean measured test item concentration [mg/L]
NOEC	0.00250
LOEC	0.00590
ErC10	0.00539 (0.00254 – 0.0158)
ErC20	0.00577 (0.00258 – 0.0160)
ErC50	0.00644 (0.00268 – 0.0166)
	Yield Inhibition
	Geometric mean measured test item concentration [mg/L]
NOEC	0.00250
LOEC	0.00590
ErC10	0.00278 (< 0.00250 – 0.00571)
ErC20	0.00346 (0.00252 – 0.00574)
ErC50	0.00473 (0.00258 – 0.00583)

Description of key information

Robust study summaries of three algae tests are included in the dossier. One with N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3 -propanediamine mono-oleates, one with N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3 -propanediamine di-oleates and one with N-(Oleyl alkyl)-1,2 -propane diamine (Oleyl diamine). The test solutions from these tests were prepared differently. Where the mono-oleates was prepared from a water accommodated fraction in OECD test media, were the di-oleates and oleyldiamine solutions were prepared by serial dilution of a homogeneous stock solution in natural river water (±14 mg/L suspended mater and ±2.8 mg/L DOC). The toxicity of both the mono- and di-oleates are expected to mainly originate from the diamine fraction and to a lesser extend from the salt(s) or free oleic acid (CAS no 112 -80 -1; LC50 fish > 100 mg/L Sigma-Aldrich) because under test conditions (pH±8) both the mono and di-oleate will be mainly dissociated (pKa = 7). For this reason, the diamine RSS is added to this dossier. But because of the different way of preparing the stock/test solutions, are the results of these studies not directly comparable.

Therefore only the results of N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3 -propanediamine mono-oleates (Scheerbaum, 2018) are used for this endpoint.

 

Due to the complex structure of N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3 -propanediamine mono-oleates (UVCB) and low water solubility, the WSF approach was used for ecotoxicity testing in the study from Scheerbaum (2019).

Per definition of the WSF, all terms related to concentration levels have to be given as loading levels because partly dissolved compounds and mixtures cannot be related to concentrations. Therefore, the EL10/50/100-values given were based on the nominal loading levels.

 

Algae test results with Oleyldiamine mono-oleates (Scheerbaum, 2019)

In the algae study with, N-(Oleyl alkyl)- 1,3 -propanediamine mono oleates (100%) the inhibition of the growth of the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata evaluated. The following effect values based on nominal test item loadings were derived: The EL50 -values for inhibition of the growth rate (ErL50) and yield (EyL50) after 72 hours were 0.276 (0.116 – 0.669) mg/L and 0.197 (0.0908 – 0.247) mg/L, respectively. The EL10 -values for inhibition of growth rate (ErL10) and yield (EyL10) after 72 hours were 0.232 (0.0993 – 0.638) mg/L and 0.0995 (< 0.0800 – 0.236) mg/L, respectively.

 

In addition concentrations of the oleyldiamine fraction in test solutions were monitored but as indicated partly dissolved compounds and mixtures cannot be related to concentrations. The results observed for this test should be evaluated with care. The EC50-values with 95% confidence intervals for inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours were 0.00644 (0.00268 – 0.0166) mg/L and 0.00473 (0.00258 – 0.00583) mg/L, respectively. The EC10-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErC10) and yield (EyC10) after 72 hours were 0.00539 (0.00254 – 0.0158) mg/L and 0.00278 (< 0.00250 – 0.00571) mg/L, respectively.

 

 

 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

0.276 mg/L

EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:

0.232 mg/L

Additional information

Algae test results with Oleyldiamine di-oleate

The toxicity of Oleyldiamine di-oleate (N-[(9Z)-octadec-9 -en-1 -yl]propane-1,3 -diaminium di[(9Z)-octadec-9 -enoate]) to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined according to the principles of OECD 201. The test duration was 72 hours, test was performed in natural river water. Nominal test concentrations were: 0.0100 - 0.0316 - 0.100 - 0.316 - 1.00 mg/L. The measured concentrations of the test item were in the range of 74 – 91 % of the nominal values. Based on nominal concentrations the 72h-EC50 and 72h-EC10 for growth rate were found to be 0.41 and 0.323 mg/L respectively.

The effects are expressed as nominal values because the tests were performed with river water as they are intended to be used in an evaluation of the environmental risks based on the Bulk approach.

 

Algae test results with Oleyldiamine

One toxicity test with algae has been performed with oleyldiamine. For this study the following results were found: The 72 h ErC10  is 188 µg/L and the 72 h ErC50 = 507 µg/L based on the test substance (92.3% diamine and 7.7% primary alkyl amine). The effects are expressed as nominal values because the tests were performed with river water as they are intended to be used in an evaluation of the environmental risks based on the Bulk approach.