Cobalt, [29H,31H-phthalocyaninato(2-)-N29,N30,N31,N32]-, sulfonated, sodium salts

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Justification of the classification of the substance for eye irritation/corrosion

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From 2017-04-18 to 2017-05-05

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature

Test system:

human skin model

Source species:

human

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on test system:

RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE

- Model used: Episkin SA, RHE/S/17
- Tissue batch number(s): 17-RHE-050
- Delivery date: 2017-03-03
- Date of initiation of testing: 2017-03-03
- Killed tissues were frozen the 2017-03-14 and defrost on the treatment day.

TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation : 37°C

REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
- Number of washing steps: 1 (25 x 1 mL of DPBS (VWR, Batch No. 6MB235). The rinsed tissues were checked for any coloration and noted to be blue and to present residue of test item).
- Observable damage in the tissue due to washing: none

MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 300 μL of a MTT solution at 1.0 mg/mL
- Incubation time: 3 hours
- Spectrophotometer: ELx800 absorbance microplate reader
- Wavelength: 570 nm

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 16 mg

NEGATIVE CONTROL
(DPBS – VWR - Batch No. 6MB235)

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight):
- Concentration (if solution): solution of SDS at 5%. The 5% SDS solution was prepared by weighing 0.5 g of SDS (SIGMA Batch No. STBF1623V) in a 10 mL volumetric flask qsp 10 mL of distilled water.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

42 min

Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):

42 hr

Number of replicates:

3 living and 2 killed Reconstructed Human epidermis (SkinEthic RHE® model) previously moistened with 10 μL of distilled water.

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Value:

ca. 80.2

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

OTHER EFFECTS:
- Visible damage on test system: no
- Direct-MTT reduction: no
- Colour interference with MTT: no

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

In accordance with the Regulation EC No. 1272/2008, the test item ADDITIVE 8020 has to be considered as Non-irritant to skin. I

Executive summary:

The aim was to evaluate the possible irritating effects of the test item after topical application on in vitro human reconstructed epidermis (SkinEthic RHE® model).

The test item was applied at the dose of 16 mg during 42 minutes to 3 living and 2 killed Reconstructed Human epidermis (SkinEthic RHE® model) previously moistened with 10 μL of distilled water. The application was followed by a rinse with 25 mL of DPBS and a 41 hours and 55 minutes post-incubation period at 37°C, 5% CO₂. Cell viability was then measured by enzymatic conversion of the vital dye MTT into a blue formazan salt that was quantitatively measured after extraction from tissues.

The experimental protocol was established in accordance with O.E.C.D. Test Guideline No. 439 adopted 28 July 2015 and the Test method B.46 of Council regulation No. 761/2009 dated 23 July 2009 (EU Journal L220) - ATP Council regulation No. 440/2008 of 30 May 2008 (E.U. Journal L142).

The mean corrected percent viability of the treated tissues was 80.2%, versus 1.7% in the positive control (5% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate).

In accordance with the Regulation EC No. 1272/2008, the test item has to be considered as Non-irritant to skin. It corresponds to UN GHS No Category.

No hazard statement or signal word is required.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From 2017-07-06 to 2017-07-21

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 438 (Isolated Chicken Eye Test Method for Identifying i) Chemicals Inducing Serious Eye Damage and ii) Chemicals Not Requiring Classification for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The eyes were incubated between 55 and 70 minutes instead of between 45 and 60 minutes, as initially scheduled. This deviation is considered as without impact on the conclusion of the study.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU method B.48 (Isolated chicken eye test method for identifying occular corrosives and severe irritants)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

he eyes were incubated between 55 and 70 minutes instead of between 45 and 60 minutes, as initially scheduled. This deviation is considered as without impact on the conclusion of the study.

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature

Species:

other: Eyes of chickens

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

- Source: slaughterhouse (Etablissement Brun, 33820 Etauliers, France), chicken killed for human consumption have been used for this assay.
- Number of animals: 7 eyes
- Characteristics of donor animals (e.g. age, sex, weight): spring chickens traditionally processed by a
poultry slaughterhouse (i.e., approximately 7 weeks old, 1.5 - 2.5 kg).
- Storage, temperature and transport conditions of ocular tissue (e.g. transport time, transport media and temperature, and other conditions):
* transport time : 1h35
* transport temperature : ambient temperature
* transport conditions : in plastic boxes humidified with towels moistened with physiological saline.

- Time interval prior to initiating testing:
1h35 for the enucleation,
55 and 70 minutes to equilibrate them to the test system prior to dosing, once all eyes had been
examined and approved

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent negative control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 30 mg

Duration of treatment / exposure:

10 seconds

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

240 minutes

Details on study design:

SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF ISOLATED EYES
The eyelids were carefully excised, taking care not to damage the cornea. Then, the eye was further dissected from the skull, taking care not to damage the cornea. The eyeball was pulled from the orbit by holding the nictitating membrane firmly with surgical forceps, and the eye muscles were cut with a bent, blunt-tipped scissor. When the eye is removed from the orbit, a visible portion of the optic nerve Should be left attached. Once removed from the orbit, the eye was placed on an absorbent pad and the nictitating membrane and other connective tissue were cut away.
The enucleated eye was mounted in a stainless steel clamp with the cornea positioned vertically. The clamp was then transferred to a chamber of the superfusion apparatus. The clamps were positioned in the superfusion apparatus such that the entire cornea was supplied with the physiological saline drip (in the range 0.1 to 0.15 mL/min). The chambers of the superfusion apparatus was temperature controlled between 31.6°C and 32.4°C.
After being placed in the superfusion apparatus, the eyes were examined with a slit-lamp microscope to ensure that they have not been damaged during the dissection procedure. Corneal thickness was also measured at this time at the corneal apex using the depth measuring device on the slit-lamp microscope. Eyes with; (i), a fluorescein retention score of > 0.5; (ii) corneal opacity > 0.5; or, (iii), any additional signs of damage were replaced. For eyes that are not rejected based on any of these criteria, individual eyes with a corneal thickness deviating more than 10% from the mean value for all eyes are to be rejected.


EQUILIBRATION AND BASELINE RECORDINGS
Selected eyes were incubated between 55 and 70 minutes to equilibrate them to the test system prior to dosing.
Following the equilibration period, a zero reference measurement was recorded for corneal thickness and opacity to serve as a baseline (i.e., time = 0).
The fluorescein score determined at dissection was used as the baseline measurement for that endpoint.

NUMBER OF REPLICATES
- Test item : 3 replicates
- Concurrent negative control: 1 replicate
- Concurrent positive control: 3 replicates

NEGATIVE CONTROL USED
Physiological saline

POSITIVE CONTROL USED
sodium hydroxide

APPLICATION DOSE AND EXPOSURE TIME
30 mg of test item and positive control (powder) for 10 seconds evenly covering the surface of the
cornea.
30 μL of negative control for 10 seconds evenly covering the surface of the cornea.

OBSERVATION PERIOD
240 minutes +/- 5 min (observation post-treatment)

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Volume and washing procedure after exposure period: eyes were rinsed four times with 10 mL of physiological saline


METHODS FOR MEASURED ENDPOINTS:
All observations of the cornea and measurement of corneal thickness were performed using a Haag-Streit BP900 slit-lamp microscope with depth-measuring device no. I. For the measurement of corneal thickness, the slit-width was set at 9½, equalling 0.095 mm.
Treated corneas were evaluated pretreatment and starting at 30, 75, 120, 180, and 240 minutes (± 5 minutes) after the post-treatment rinse.
- Corneal opacity: calculated by using the area of the cornea that was most densely opacified for scoring.
- Damage to epithelium based on fluorescein retention: calculated for the 30-minute observation time point only
- Swelling: measured with optical pachymeter on a slit-lamp microscope; slit-width setting: Corneal swelling was determined from corneal thickness measurements made with an optical pachymeter on a slit-lamp microscope. It was expressed as a percentage and was calculated from corneal thickness measurements according to the following formula:
[(corneal thickness at time t - corneal thicknes at time =0)/(corneal thickness at time t=0)] x 100
The mean percentage of corneal swelling for all test eyes was calculated for all observation time points.
- Macroscopic morphological damage to the surface: include “pitting” of corneal epithelial cells, “loosening” of epithelium, “roughening” of the corneal surface and “sticking” of the test item to the cornea. These findings can vary in severity and may occur simultaneously.

SCORING SYSTEM:
- Mean corneal swelling (%): scoring system as indicated in the TG
- Mean maximum opacity score: scoring system as indicated in the TG was used.
- Mean fluorescein retention score at 30 minutes post-treatment: scoring system as indicated in the TG was used.

DECISION CRITERIA: the decision criteria as indicated in the TG was used.

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Value:

ca. 0.7

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

other: ICE class II

Irritation parameter:

fluorescein retention score

Value:

ca. 2

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

other: ICE class III

Irritation parameter:

percent corneal swelling

Value:

ca. 2

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

other: ICE class I

Other effects / acceptance of results:

- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: The combination of the three endpoints for the negative control, physiological saline, was 2 x I, 1 x II. Therefore, the negative control is classified as “No Category”, as expected.
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: The combination of the three endpoints for the positive control, Sodium Hydroxide, was 3 x IV. Therefore, the positive control is classified as “Corrosive/Severe Irritant”, as expected.

The test was considered to be valid.

Interpretation of results:

study cannot be used for classification

Conclusions:

In accordance with the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, the results obtained under these experimental conditions lead to the category “no prediction can be made”, as defined by the OECD guideline No.438. Therefore, the test item s not predicted as causing serious eye damage (Category 1) or as not classified for eye irritation/serious eye damage (No category) with the Isolated Chicken Eye test method.

Executive summary:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible ocular corrosive or severe irritating effects of the test item after administration on enucleated chicken eyes.

The test item was applied, as supplied, at the dose of 30 mg, to 3 enucleated chicken eyes, during 10 seconds. Then the eyes were rinsed four times with 10 mL of physiological saline. Three eyes were treated in the same manner with a positive control and one eye with a negative control. Damages by the test item were assessed by determination of corneal swelling, opacity, and fluorescein retention at 30, 75, 120, 180 and 240 minutes post-dose. The experimental protocol was

established in accordance with the O.E.C.D. Test Guideline No. 438 adopted 26 July 2013 and the test method B.48 – Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1152/2010 dated 08 December 2010 (EU Journal L324) - ATP Council regulation No. 440/2008 of 30 May 2008 (E.U. Journal L142).

The ocular reactions observed in eyes treated with the test item were:

- maximal mean score of corneal opacity: 0.7, corresponding to ICE class II;

- mean score of fluorescein retention: 2.0, corresponding to ICE class III;

- maximal mean corneal swelling: 2%, corresponding to ICE class I.

The combination of the three endpoints for the test item was 1 x III, 1 x II, 1 x I.

The combination of the three endpoints for the positive control, Sodium Hydroxide, was 3 x IV. Therefore, the positive control is classified as “Corrosive/Severe Irritant”, as expected.

The combination of the three endpoints for the negative control, physiological saline, was 2 x I, 1 x II. Therefore, the negative control is classified as “No Category”, as expected.

In accordance with the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, the results obtained under these experimental conditions lead to the category “no prediction can be made”, as defined by the OECD guideline No.438. Therefore, the test item is not predicted as causing serious eye damage (Category 1) or as not classified for eye irritation/serious eye damage (No category) with the Isolated Chicken Eye test method. Additional testing (in vitro and/or in vivo) are required to establish a definitive classification.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Justification for classification or non-classification

Eye irritation

Based on the results obtained under the experimental protocol performed in accordance with the OECD 438, no prediction could be made.

The ocular reactions observed in the treated eyes show slight corneal damage with a score of 1 (out of 4), corresponding to the ICE Class II. The fluorescein retention also shows effects with a score of 2, corresponding to ICE class III.

Additional testing would be required to establish a definitive classification.

However, considering the knowledge gained of the dyes portfolio for which there is in vitro and in vivo data and the results of the OECD 438, the substance is expected to cause serious eye damage (Category 1), and is therefore classified as such, without the need for additional data.