glyoxal … %; ethandial … %

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Sensitisation

 

The testing of a skin-sensitising effect of pure glyoxal occurred on 20 female Pirbroght-White guinea pigs in the maximisation test according to Magnusson and Kligman. For the induction, the animals were intradermally administered 0.1 ml of a 20 % aqueous glyoxal solution into the shoulder area and one week later, were epicutaneously administered (occlusively) ca. 0.3 g of a 40 % glyoxal solution into the intradermal administration locally (occlusively) on the shaven flank with 0.15 g of a 10 % aqueous glyoxal solution. 24 hours after the application, the intradermal induction caused formation of clearly dilated erythemas and oedemas as well as necrotic skin changes.

 

One guinea pig died after the intradermal induction. The percutaneous induction led to necrotic skin changes and to formation of clearly defined erythemas and, in addition, one animal a slight oedema. 7 of 19 test animals exhibited slight erythemas. In the control groups no findings were observed.

 

Thus, glyoxal showed a sensitising effect on the skin of guinea pigs (BASF, 1987).

 

Another maximisation test with glyoxal according to Magnusson and Kligman was conducted on female Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs. The intradermal and dermal induction took place with 10 % and the dermal challenge with 5 % aqueous solution. 86 % of the guinea pigs (no data on the animal number) showed a positive reaction which was evaluated to be very strong (Foussereau et al., 1992).

 

In the Bühler test on guinea pigs, 40 % glyoxal was likewise proven to be sensitising (no further detail (American Cyanamid Company, 1988). In the murine Local Lymph Node essay (LLNA) , the positive results observed with Glyoxal confirmed that Glyoxal can be considerd as a sensitiser. (Basketter and al, 1994)

 

The sensitive nature of glyoxal was furthermore confirmed in several experiences with humans.