Barium tartrate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

06 - 08 May 2015

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The study was performed in accordance with the OECD 202 guideline and complied with the principles of GLP.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2014

Report date:

2015

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 3

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 4

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Guidance document on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures, OECD series on testing and assessment number 23, December 14, 2000.

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Barium tartrate

EC Number:

227-615-9

EC Name:

Barium tartrate

Cas Number:

5908-81-6

Molecular formula:

C4H4O6Ba

IUPAC Name:

Barium L(+)-(2R,3R)-tartrate

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Barium tartrate
- Appearance: White powder

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

4.8 mL samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control at t=0 and t=48 hours and were stored in the freezer until analysis. At the end of the exposure period, the replicates were pooled at each concentration before sampling.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Preparation of test solutions started with a loading rate of 100 mg/L applying a 2-day period of magnetic stirring followed by a filtration through a 0.45 µm membrane filter. The obtained Water Soluble Fraction (WSF) was used as the highest concentration. The lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the highest concentration in test medium. The final test solutions were all clear and colourless.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Dapnia magna
- Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history, at least third generation, obtained by acyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
- Method of breeding: start of each batch with newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 5 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel. Renewal of the cultures: after 7 days of cultivation half of the medium twice a week.
- Feeding during test: no

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: <24 hours
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): no, breeding medium is M7
- Type and amount of food: a suspension of fresh water algae
- Feeding frequency: daily

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

None

Test conditions

Hardness:

180 mg/L expressed as CaCO3

Test temperature:

19-21 ºC

pH:

7.7-8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

8.8 - 9.2 mg/L

Salinity:

Not applicable.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: Solutions containing 1.0, 10 and 100% of a WSF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
The measured concentration of the undiluted WSF was 5.6 mg/L at t = 0 and t = 48 h.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:100 mL, all-glass, fill volume 80 mL
- Aeration: None
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4 for the limit concentration, 2 for the remaining concentrations
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 5 per vessel containing 80 mL test solution

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Adjusted ISO medium
- Culture medium different from test medium: Culture medium had extra trace elements, macro nutrients and vitamins added as specified in Medium M7.


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours per day
- Light intensity: not indicated

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mobility at 24 and 48 hours ; pH and dissolved oxygen at the beginning and at the end of the test. Temperature continuously.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: combined limit/range-finding test: 1.0, 10 and 100% of a WSF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassiumdichromate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: EC50 > maximum soluble concentration in test medium

Details on results:

No effects were observed in any of the groups tested.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The 48h-EC50 was 0.32 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.29 and 0.37 mg/L.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the present study with Daphnia magna, no effects were observed in any treatment. The 48h-EC50 was considered to exceed the maximum solubility of the test substance in the test medium.

Executive summary:

A 48-h acute toxicity study in Daphnia magna was performed with Barium tartrate according to OECD 202 and in compliance with GLP principles. The test substance solution was prepared as a water soluble fraction of a loading rate of 100 mg/L. The lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of this WSF in test medium. The actual measured concentration was 5.6 mg/L in the undiluted WSF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L at the start and the end of the test. The concentration obtained in the undiluted WSF was considered the maximum soluble concentration in the test medium.

Under the conditions of the present study with Daphnia magna, no effects were observed in any treatment. The 48h-EC50 was considered to exceed the maximum solubility of the test substance in the test medium (5.6 mg/L).