Ammonium hydrogencarbonate

Exposure related observations in humans: other data

Administrative data

Endpoint:

exposure-related observations in humans: other data

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Acceptable publication which meets basic scientific principles

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

The effects of administrations of HCl, NH4CI and NH4HCO3 on the excretion of urea and ammonium in man

Author:

Fine A et al.

Year:

1977

Bibliographic source:

European Journal of Clinical investigation (1977) 7, 587-589

Materials and methods

Type of study / information:

Study on effects of oral HCl, NH4CI and NH4HCO3 on urinary nitrogen excretion in man.

Endpoint addressed:

basic toxicokinetics

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Ammonium hydrogencarbonate

EC Number:

213-911-5

EC Name:

Ammonium hydrogencarbonate

Cas Number:

1066-33-7

Molecular formula:

CH2O3.H3N

IUPAC Name:

ammonium hydrogen carbonate

Method

Exposure assessment:

measured

Details on exposure:

TYPE OF EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT: Biomonitoring (urine)

EXPOSURE LEVELS: 200 mmol divided into four aliquots were ingested daily on three separate study periods and there was a control period

EXPOSURE PERIOD: four 4 day periods, randomized, and at 2 week intervals

POSTEXPOSURE PERIOD: 24 h

DIET: Protein intake 1 g/24 h/kg, as milk, was constant throughout and 3 litres fluid ingested per day

MEASUREMENT:
Blood and urinary urea, urinary NH4, plasma glutamine

Results and discussion

Results:

In man, HCI acidosis reduces blood and urinary urea with a concomitant rise in ammonium (NH4+) excretion. Significantly less urea is excreted following NH4Cl administration than following equimolar ingestion of NH4HCO3. The results of these alterations in nitrogen excretion are interpreted in terms of bicarbonate utilization and production.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Alterations in urea and NH4+ production following the daily administration of 200 mmol HCl, NH4Cl and NH4HCO3, as compared to a control period in four normal subjects. Figures refer to mean ± S.E.M. of values obtained during the last day of each period. Individual values are given where relevant:

		Control				NH4HCO3
		Day 1	Day 2	Day 3	Day 4	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3	Day 4
Plasma CO2 mmol/l)		26 ± 0.6				26 ± 0.8*
Plasma glutamine (mmol/l)		0.583 ± 0.037				0.528 ± 0.062
Blood urea (mmol/l)		5.93 ± 0.45				5.68 ± 0.4
Subject	1				7.13				6.84
	2				6.06				5.92
	3				5.55				5.22
	4				5				4.84
Urine urea (mmol/24 h)		351 ± 9				477 ± 22#
Subject	1	382	361	373	366	418	432	422	427
	2	361	340	320	347	427	457	462	472
	3	305	299	314	326	427	447	445	477
	4	346	327	348	364	546	517	522	530
Urine NH4+ (mmol/24 h)		33 ± 3				39 ± 4#
Subject	1	32	37	34	34	38	36	37	37
	2	44	47	36	40	45	54	48	52
	3	32	31	33	35	35	39	30	37
	4	36	34	28	24	30	30	29	32
Urine N (NH4+ urea N)		734 ± 17				990 ± 43*
Subject	1	800	759	780	766	874	900	881	881
	2	766	727	676	734	899	968	972	996
	3	642	629	661	687	889	933	920	991
	4	728	688	724	752	1122	1064	1073	1092

* Significantly different from controls (P < 0.025)

# Significantly different from NH4Cl (P < 0.005)