Ibuprofen

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Well documented non-guideline study; with acceptable restrictions (e.g. no details on the test substance, GLP compliance not verified).

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Acute and chronic effects of ibuprofen in the mollusc Planorbis carinatus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae)

Author:

Pounds, N., Maclean, S., Webley, M., Pascoe, D., Hutchinson, T.

Year:

2008

Bibliographic source:

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety; vol. 70, pp. 47 - 52

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The long-term toxicity of ibuprofen to molluscs (Planorbis carinatus; gastropoda) was investigated by an 21-d exposure treatment of juvenile snails to test substance concentrations between 0.32 and 10 mg/L (nominal). Based on endpoint parameters like mortality, reproduction (hatching success) and growth (wet weight) 21-d NOEC and LOEC values could be determined.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Ibuprofen

EC Number:

239-784-6

EC Name:

Ibuprofen

Cas Number:

15687-27-1

Molecular formula:

C13H18O2

IUPAC Name:

2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoic acid

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

other aquatic mollusc: Planorbis carinatus (gastropoda; planorbidae)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Ramshorn snail
- Source: Adult organisms were collected from aquatic stock ponds at Seyngenta's Jealott's Hill Reasearch Station, Bracknell, UK
- Housing: cultured in 1L glass bowls, in municipal tap water (AstraZeneca, Brixham)
- Housing temperature: 20 ±1°C
- Feeding during test: yes; ad libitum
- Food type: fresh lettuce and fish flake
- Amount: ad libitum

Study design

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Test conditions

Test temperature:

20 ± 1°C

pH:

6.76 - 7.85

Dissolved oxygen:

6.2 - 9.3 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal test concentrations: 0 (control), 0.32, 1.0, 3.2 and 10.0 mg/L
measured test concentrations: 0 (control), 0.41, 1.02, 2.43 and 5.36 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass tank (max. volume 9.5 L; 305 x 205 x 210 mm)
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): seven volume changes per day (flow through)

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- mortality
- reproduction (hatching success)
- growth (wet weight)

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

5.36 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

> 5.36 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

2.43 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(hatching success)

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

5.36 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(hatching success)

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1.02 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks:

(wet weight)

Effect concentrations 6

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

2.43 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks:

(wet weight)

Any other information on results incl. tables

Summary of survival, growth and reproduction in P. carinatus after 21 d exposure:

Control (Dilution water)

Endpoint	Measured (and nominal) test concentration [mg/L]
	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Survival [%]	100	98.3	98.3
Wet weight [g]	0.123	0.128	0.128
Hatching success [%]	69.7

 

Control (Solvent)

Endpoint	Measured (and nominal) test concentration [mg/L]
	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Survival [%]	100	100	100
Wet weight [g]	0.125	0.157	0.113
Hatching success [%]	84.1

 

Test concentration 0.41 mg/L (measured)

Endpoint	Measured (and nominal) test concentration [mg/L]
	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Survival [%]	100	100	98.3
Wet weight [g]	0.124	0.160	0.113
Hatching success [%]	No eggs laid

 

Test concentration 1.02 mg/L (measured)

Endpoint	Measured (and nominal) test concentration [mg/L]
	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Survival [%]	100	100	100
Wet weight [g]	0.133	0.145	0.105
Hatching success [%]	50.5

 

Test concentration 2.43 mg/L (measured)

Endpoint	Measured (and nominal) test concentration [mg/L]
	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Survival [%]	100	98.3	98.3
Wet weight [g]	0.107	0.129	0.097
Hatching success [%]	72.9

 

Test concentration 5.36 mg/L (measured)

Endpoint	Measured (and nominal) test concentration [mg/L]
	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21
Survival [%]	100	95	91.7
Wet weight [g]	0.104	0.105	0.096
Hatching success [%]	0