Reaction mass of methyl acetate and methanol

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Test procedures followed the basic flow-through test method described by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Water for all tests was untreated and obtained directly from Lake Superior and heated to mean test temperature.

Test organisms (species):

Lepomis macrochirus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: bluegill
- Source: Lake Mills Fish Hatchery, Lake Mills, WI, USA
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Average weights of exposed fish were obtained by weighing control fish from each test. Average weight of bluegills was 3.07 ± 1.38 g

- Feeding during test: Fish were not fed 24 h before or during a test

- holding before 24 h before test: at respective test temperature and fed a commercial formulation of dry food.

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

46.6 mg/L CaCO3 (40.4 - 56.3)

Test temperature:

19.8 ± 2.3 °C

pH:

7.04 - 7.97

Dissolved oxygen:

78.8 % (54.3 - 88.9)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

five test concentrations and a control

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 530-L fiberglass holding tanks
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): The exposure system for fish consisted of several modified proportional diluters with dilution factors ranging from 0.6 to 0.8. Each diluter cycle delivered 1.0 L of water and toxicant, where appropriate, to each of five test concentrations and a control. Each test concentration and control was duplicated by dividing the original volume equally using flow-splitting tanks. The glass exposure tanks contained 6.3 L water. Diluters were cycled at a rate to yield 5 to 8 tank volumes/day.

- No. of organisms per vessel: 10

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Alkalinity: 41.7 mg/L CaCO3 (30.0 - 46.0)
- Mean dissolved oxygen: 78.8 % (54.3 - 88.9)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

15 400 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 13500-17600

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

12 700 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 11800-13700

Details on results:

not specified

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

not specified

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The 96-hour LC50 and EC50 were found to be 15400 mg/L and 12700 mg/L (measured), respectively.

Executive summary:

In a 96-hour flow-through test with following the principles described by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975) fish (Lepomis macrochirus, 10 animals per vessel) were exposed to five concentrations (not further specified) of the test item and a control. Dead fish were counted and removed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after initial exposure and at 24-h periods thereafter. Mortality data from duplicate exposure tanks were combined before LC50 and EC50 determinations were made. As a result, the 96-hour LC50 and EC50 were found to be 15400 mg/L and 12700 mg/L (measured), respectively.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Test procedures followed the basic flow-through test method described by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Water for all tests was untreated and obtained directly from Lake Superior and heated to mean test temperature.

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: rainbow trout
- Source: Fattig Hatcheries, Brady, NE, USA
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Average weights of exposed fish were obtained by weighing control fish from each test. Average weight of rainbow trouts was 0.813 ± 0.136 g

- Feeding during test: Fish were not fed 24 h before or during a test

- holding before 24 h before test: at respective test temperature and fed a commercial formulation of dry food.

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

46.6 mg/L CaCO3 (40.4 - 56.3)

Test temperature:

12.7 ± 1.0 °C

pH:

7.04 - 7.97

Dissolved oxygen:

78.8 % (54.3 - 88.9)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

five test concentrations and a control

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 530-L fiberglass holding tanks
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): The exposure system for fish consisted of several modified proportional diluters with dilution factors ranging from 0.6 to 0.8. Each diluter cycle delivered 1.0 L of water and toxicant, where appropriate, to each of five test concentrations and a control. Each test concentration and control was duplicated by dividing the original volume equally using flow-splitting tanks. The glass exposure tanks contained 6.3 L water. Diluters were cycled at a rate to yield 5 to 8 tank volumes/day.

- No. of organisms per vessel: 10

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Alkalinity: 41.7 mg/L CaCO3 (30.0 - 46.0)
- Mean dissolved oxygen: 78.8 % (54.3 - 88.9)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

20 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 19500-27000

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

13 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 12800-13400

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LC50 (96 h) was determined to be 20100 mg/L (measured).

Executive summary:

In a 96-hour flow-through test with following the principles described by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975) fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss, 10 animals per vessel) were exposed to five concentrations (not further specified) of the test item and a control. Dead fish were counted and removed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after initial exposure and at 24-h periods thereafter. Mortality data from duplicate exposure tanks were combined before LC50 and EC50 determinations were made. As a result, the 96-hour LC50 and EC50 were found to be 20100 mg/L and 13000 mg/L (measured), respectively.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Test procedures followed the basic flow-through test method described by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Water for all tests was untreated and obtained directly from Lake Superior and heated to mean test temperature.

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: fathead minnow
- Source: US EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Average weights of exposed fish were obtained by weighing control fish from each test. Average weight was 0.126 ± 0.36 g
- Age at study initiation: 28 - 32 days

- Feeding during test: Fish were not fed 24 h before or during a test

- holding before 24 h before test: larvae and fry fed with live San Francisco Bay brine shrimp

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

46.6 mg/L CaCO3 (40.4 - 56.3)

Test temperature:

23.3 ± 1.7 °C

pH:

7.04 - 7.97

Dissolved oxygen:

85.2 % (78.1 - 98.0)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

five test concentrations and a control

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 530-L fiberglass holding tanks
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): The exposure system for fish consisted of several modified proportional diluters with dilution factors ranging from 0.6 to 0.8. Each diluter cycle delivered 1.0 L of water and toxicant, where appropriate, to each of five test concentrations and a control. Each test concentration and control was duplicated by dividing the original volume equally using flow-splitting tanks. The glass exposure tanks contained 6.3 L water. Diluters were cycled at a rate to yield 5 to 8 tank volumes/day.

- No. of organisms per vessel: 10

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Alkalinity: 41.7 mg/L CaCO3 (30.0 - 46.0)
- Mean dissolved oxygen: 78.8 % (54.3 - 88.9)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

29 400 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 13500-17600

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

28 900 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 11800-13700

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Conclusions:

The 96-hour LC50 and EC50 were found to be 29400 mg/L and 28900 mg/L (measured), respectively.

Executive summary:

In a 96-hour flow-through test with following the principles described by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975) fish (Pimephales promelas, 10 animals per vessel) were exposed to five concentrations (not further specified) of the test item and a control. Dead fish were counted and removed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after initial exposure and at 24-h periods thereafter. Mortality data from duplicate exposure tanks were combined before LC50 and EC50 determinations were made. As a result, the 96-hour LC50 and EC50 were found to be 29400 mg/L and 28900 mg/L (measured), respectively.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

fish embryo acute toxicity (FET)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECE 212: Fish, Short-term Toxicity Test on Embryo and Sac-Fry Stages

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

GLP-compliance not reported in the literature.

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

- Organism: embryo Danio rerio; only eggs in blastula stage (3-4 h after fertilization) were chosen for testing

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

26.8°C

Dissolved oxygen:

> 60% dissolved oxygen

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- Concentrations tested: 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 % plus control

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test substance renewal: after 24 h
- Test vessel: Petri dishes (20 ml)
- No. of replicates per concentration: 12
- No. of animals per replicate: 10
- No. of animals per concentration: 120
- Testing was terminated after all individuals in control were hatched, having absorbed the yolk sac

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- The development of embryos from blastula to early larval stages, hatching rate, and mortality were monitored at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h.

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

3.95 g/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

morphology

Details on results:

NOEC concentration of methanol: 0.5 % v/v
--> 5 ml : 1000 ml
5 ml * 0.79 g/ml = 3.95 g/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The 96 h NOEC (morphology) of the test item was determined to be 0.5 % v/v which corresponds to 3.95 g/L.

Executive summary:

In a semi-static Fish, Short-term Toxicity Test on Embryo and Sac-Fry Stages Test according to OECE Guideline 212 the short-term toxicity of Methanol to Danio rerio was assessed at concentration levels of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 % along with a negative control. Ten embryos per concentration with ten replicates were exposed over 96 hours with a substance renewal every 24 hours. The testing was terminated after all individuals in control were hatched, having absorbed the yolk sac. The 96 h NOEC (morphology) of the test item was determined to be 0.5 % v/v which corresponds to 3.95 g/L.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

documentation insufficient for assessment

Remarks:

The study was conducted in order to compare acute toxicity of methanol in adult zebrafish to fish eggs. Only insufficient information on methodology, test concentrations and test performance was given and thus, the reliability of the study could not be assessed.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD Guideline 210 (Fish, Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The purpose of the study was the comparison of acute toxicity data in adult zebrafish to fish eggs according to OECD guidelines 203 and 210, respectively.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

Organisms used for study: adult Danio rerio and fish eggs

Test type:

not specified

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Reference substance (positive control):

not required

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

22 300 mg/L

Remarks on result:

other: adult fish

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

290 mg/L

Remarks on result:

other: fish embryos

Details on results:

not specified

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

not specified

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The 96-hour LC50 (adult fish) was 22300 mg/L and the 96-hour LC50 (fish embryo) was 290 mg/L. 

Executive summary:

To compare the acute toxicity data in adult zebrafish to fish eggs (Danio rerio) a test according to theOECD guidelines 203 and 210, respectively, was performed. In result, the 96-hour LC50 (adult fish) was 22300 mg/L and the 96-hour LC50 (fish embryo) was 290 mg/L. 

Reference 6

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

>= 250 - <= 350 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Reference 7

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

3.95 g/L

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

morphology

Reference 8

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

15 400 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 13500-17600

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

12 700 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 11800-13700

Reference 9

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

29 400 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 13500-17600 mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

28 900 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 11800-13700 mg/L

Reference 10

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

20 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 19500-27000 mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

13 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 12800-13400 mg/L

Reference 11

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

22 300 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

not specified

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: adult fish

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

290 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

not specified

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: fish embryos

Reference 12

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

29.02.1988 - 06.05.1988

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

1984

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)

Version / remarks:

1984

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Remarks:

Data owner has QAU statement

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: zebrafish
- Strain: Hamilton-Buchanan
- Source: own breeding (Kastengrund)
- Age at study initiation: dates of hatch: 03.10./15.10./24.11.87, and 17.01.88
- Length at study initiation: 2.4 - 3.2 cm, mean 2.8 cm, SD 0.20 cm
- Feeding during test: animals were not fed during the test

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 14 days
- Acclimation condition: same as test
- Type and amount of food: Tetra Min ad libitum
- Feeding frequency: twice per day
- Health during acclimation: no mortalities reported

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

not specified

Hardness:

not specified

Test temperature:

21.2°C - 22.9°C

pH:

7.3 - 8.2

Dissolved oxygen:

6.1 - 9.3 mg/l

Salinity:

not applicable

Conductivity:

not specified

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0, 100, 250, 350, 500, 1000, 1800 and 5000 mg a.i./L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass vessel (30 cm*22cm*24 cm), fill volume 10 litre
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 7 (one per each test )
- Biomass loading rate: <= 1 g fish / litre

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water according to ISO/DIS 7346/1
- Culture medium different from test medium: no

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 12 hours light/12 hours dark
- Light intensity: 700 lux


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality and changes in behaviour were monitored daily

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: squareroot of 2
- Concentrations used inthe test: 0 / 100 / 250 / 350 / 500 / 1000 / 1800 / 5000 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

250 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

>= 250 - <= 350 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

250 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

>= 250 - <= 350 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: reduced breathing, swimming at the surface, lying at the bottom of the test vessel, passive sliding to the bottom, reduced as well as increased activity, loss of equilibrium, convulsions
- Other biological observations: dead fish were pale with reddened gills
- Mortality of control: no
- Other adverse effects control: none

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

not specified

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Table: Toxicity of methyl acetate to fish (mortality data)

Treatment [mg a.i./L] (nominal concentration)	No. of fish at start of study	Observation period
		48 hours		96 hours
		No dead fish	% mortality	No dead fish	% mortality
Control	70*	0	0	0	0
100	10	0	0	0	0
250	10	0	0	0	0
350	10	9	90	9	90
500	10	10	100	10	100
1000	10	10	100	10	100
1800	10	10	100	10	100
5000	10	10	100	10	100

*10 for each test concentration

Abnormal effects and mortality were observed at test at all concentrations of 350 mg/l and higher. Abnormal effects but no mortality were observed at 250 mg/L. No effects were observed at 100 mg/l.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on the results of the test, the 96 hour LC50 for the test item was determined to be between 250 and 350 mg a.i./L

Executive summary:

In a 96-h acute toxicity study according to OECD 203, zebra fish (Brachidanio rerio) were exposed to methyl acetate at nominal concentrations of 0, 100, 250, 350, 500, 1000, 1800 and 5000 mg a.i./L under static conditions. The 96-h LC50 was 250 - 350 mg a.i./L.  The LC0 and LC100 values, based on mortality, were 250 and 500 mg a.i./L, respectively.  Sublethal effects of protruding gills, increased and decreased breathing, passive sinking, swimming at the surface, increased and decreased activity, edema, tremours, convulsions were observed in the groups exposed to 350, 500, 1000, 1800, and 5000 mg a.i./L. 

Description of key information

The 96-hour LC50 of the registration substance is considered to be 250 mg/L.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

250 mg/L

Additional information

No data on short-term toxicity to fish are available for the registration substance itself, but for the read across source substances Methanol and Methyl acetate.

Methanol

In a 96-hour flow-through test following the principles described by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-660/3-75-009, 1975) fish species (10 animals per vessel) were exposed to five concentrations (not further specified) of the test item and a control. Dead fish were counted and removed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after initial exposure and at 24-h periods thereafter. Mortality data from duplicate exposure tanks were combined before LC50 and EC50 determinations were made. As a result, the 96-hour LC50 and EC50 for Oncorhynchus mykiss were found to be 20100 mg/L and 13000 mg/L (measured), respectively. With the same test setup and test design using Pimephales promelas the 96-hour LC50 and EC50 were determined to be 29400 mg/L and 28900 mg/L (measured), respectively. The 96-hour LC50 and EC50 were found to be 15400 mg/L and 12700 mg/L (measured), respectively (Poirer et al., 1986).

In a semi-static Fish, short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages according to OECD Guideline 212 the short-term toxicity of Methanol to Danio rerio was assessed at concentration levels of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 % along with a negative control. Ten embryos per concentration with ten replicates were exposed over 96 hours with a substance renewal every 24 hours. The testing was terminated after all individuals in control were hatched, having absorbed the yolk sac. The 96 h NOEC (morphology) of the test item was determined to be 0.5 % v/v which corresponds to 3.95 g/L (Chromcova et al., 2012).

To compare the acute toxicity data in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to fish eggs a test according to the OECD guidelines 203 and 210, respectively, was performed (Zeljenkova et al., 2006). In result, the 96-hour LC50 (adult fish) was 22300 mg/L and the 96-hour LC50 (fish embryo) was 290 mg/L. Because of insuffient documentation this information was classified "not assignable" (Klimisch 4).

Methyl acetate

In a GLP-compliant 96-h acute toxicity study according to OECD 203, zebra fish (Danio rerio) were exposed to Methyl acetate at nominal concentrations of 0, 100, 250, 350, 500, 1000, 1800 and 5000 mg a.i./L under static conditions (Markert & Jung, 1988).  The 96-h LC50 was 250 - 350 mg a.i./L.  The LC0 and LC100 values, based on mortality, were 250 and 500 mg a.i./L, respectively.  Sublethal effects of protruding gills, increased and decreased breathing, passive sinking, swimming at the surface, increased and decreased activity, edema, tremours, convulsions were observed in the groups exposed to 350, 500, 1000, 1800, and 5000 mg a.i./L. The 96-h LC50 was 250 - 350 mg a.i./L. The lower value is given as key value.

Conclusion

No experimental data are available for the registration substance itself. Therefore, a read across approach to the source substances Methanol and Methyl acetate was applied. In continuous flow-through systems LC50 (96 h) values for Methanol were found to be 29400 mg/L (Pimephales promelas), 20100 mg/L (Salmo gairdneri) and 15400 mg/L (Lepomis macrochirus), respectively (Poirer, 1986). These values are supported by results of studies with Methanol according to OECD guidelines 203 and 210 (Zeljenkova et al., 2006) and a semi-static fish, short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages according to OECD Guideline 212 (Chromcova et al., 2012). For the read across substance Methyl acetate the 96-h LC50 was determined to be 250 mg a.i./L (Markert & Jung, 1988). By applying a read across approach and under worst case assumption, the 96-h LC50 for the target substance is considered to be 250 mg/L based on the study by Markert & Jung (1988) with the analogue substance Methyl acetate.