Reaction mass of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(2-ethylhexanoate) and 3-[(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxy]-2-{[(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxy]methyl}-2-(hydroxymethyl)propyl 2-ethylhexanoate and 3-[(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxy]-2,2-bis{[(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxy]methyl}propyl 2-ethylhexanoate

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Description of key information

NOEL reproduction = 5.8 mg/L, nominal (D. magna, OECD 211)

Additional information

One study investigating the long-term toxicity of Multi constituent ester of pentaerythritol 2-ethylhexanoate to aquatic invertebrates is available. The semi-static study was conducted according to GLP and OECD guideline 211 using Daphnia magna as test organism (Migchielsen, 2013). All test solutions were individually prepared. Preparation included a one-day magnetic stirring period to ensure reaching maximum dissolution. The resulting aqueous mixtures that contained a floating layer were subsequently left to settle overnight. The Water Accommodated Fraction’s (WAFs) were then collected by means of siphoning the middle fraction and used for testing.

A final reproduction test was performed based on the result of a preceding range-finding test. The final test was performed using a semi-static system, included 10 vessels per test concentration and 20 vessels for an untreated control group.Each of the vessels contained one neonate (< 24h old) Daphnia magna in 50 mL test medium. The range of Multi constituent ester of pentaerythritol 2-ethylhexanoate concentrations tested included WAFs prepared at loading rates of 1.0, 2.4, 5.8, 14 and 33 mg/L. The study duration was 21 days and the test solutions were renewed three times a week.The daphnids were fed on a daily basis with a Chlorella pyrenoidosa suspension. Every workday the condition of the parental daphnids was recorded, during the reproduction phase the number of living offspring, immobile young and appearance of unhatched (aborted) eggs was recorded. At the end of the test the lengths of the surviving parental daphnids were measured. Due to the complexity of the test substance, it was decided not to perform substance specific chemical monitoring. Five out of the twenty parental daphnids exposed to the untreated control died during the test period. Parental mortality in the Multi constituent ester of pentaerythritol 2-ethylhexanoate treatment groups ranged between 10 and 40%. The highest mortality rates were observed in the two lowest test groups (30 and 40%), whereas the mortality in the three highest loading rates tested was limited to only one parent per group (10%). Hence, no treatment related mortality was observed in any of the test groups. The average cumulative number of young per female in the control after 21 days was 119 ± 19.The average reproduction recorded in the WAFs prepared at loading rates of 1.0 to 5.8 mg/L was at or even above that of the control. The reproduction recorded at loading rates of 14 and 33 mg/L was clearly reduced in comparison to the control reproduction.There were incidental recordings of a few immobile young and/or appearance of unhatched (aborted) eggs in all test groups including the control group.Mean parental body length was not reduced up to and including a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 14 mg/L. All test conditions were maintained within the limits prescribed by the protocol and the test was considered valid. In conclusion; Multi constituent ester of pentaerythritol 2-ethylhexanoate did not affect reproduction, growth or survival of Daphnia magna when exposed to a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 5.8 mg/L after 21 days of exposure (NOEL).