Sodium bromide

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Description of key information

Key study: Test method according the Dutch Standard Organization (1980; NEN 6502). Test method equivalent or similar to OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction test). The 16d-NOEC and 16d-EC10 of sodium bromide in Daphnia magna were determined to be 2.8 and 43 mg/L, respectively.
Key study: Test method according to OECD (March 1995) Test Guideline Program: Draft Report of the Final Ring Test of the Daphnia magna Reproduction Test. The 21d-NOEC of sodium bromide in Daphnia magna was determined to be 7.5 mg/L. 
Key study: Test method according to "Provisional Procedure: extended toxicology test with Daphnia magna (determination of NOEC for reproduction rate, mortality and the time of the first appearance of offspring; 21 d)" (Federal Environmental Agency). The 21d-NOEC value in Daphnia magna was determined to be 91 mg Br-/L (117 mg NaBr/L).
Key study: Test method according the Dutch Standardization Organization Guideline (1980; NEN 6502). Test method equivalent or similar to OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction test). The NOEC values of sodium bromide in Daphnia magna based on reproduction were determined to be 0.0078 g Br-/litre (0.01 g NaBr/L) for the P and F1 generation and 0.016 g Br-/litre (0.02 g NaBr/L)  for the F2 generation. 
Supporting study: No guideline followed. No analytical monitoring of the test substance was made. The 40d-NOEC value of sodium bromide in Lymnaea stagnalis was determined to be 10 mg/L.
Supporting study: No guideline followed. No analytical monitoring of the test substance was made. The 21d-NOEC value of sodium bromide in Daphnia magna was determined to be 10 mg/L.
Supporting study: No guideline followed. No analytical monitoring of the test substance was made. The 21d-NOEC value of sodium bromide in the freshwater specie Hydra oligactis was determined to be 1000 mg/L.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

2.8 mg/L

Additional information

Key study: A 16 day toxicity test in Daphnia magna was performed with the test substance sodium bromide, in accordance with the Dutch Standard Organization (1980; NEN 6502) and following a method equivalent or similar to OECD Guideline 211. 20 -25 daphnids were exposed to different concentrations of sodium bromide increased with a factor of 1.8. At the end of the exposure period, the length from the top of the head to the end of the tail of each daphnid was measured to determine the NOEC and EC10 values based on growth changes. The 16d-NOEC and 16d-EC10 were determined to be 2.8 and 43 mg/L, respectively.

Key study: A long-term toxicity test onDaphnia magnawas performed with the test substance sodium bromide in accordance with the OECD (March 1995) Test Guideline Program: Draft Report of the Final Ring Test of the Daphnia magna Reproduction Test. Daphnids were exposed to nominal concentrations of 3, 7.5, 19, 47 and 117 mg/liter over an exposure period of 21 days in a semi-static system. A comparison was made of the results obtained after first-brood release and after 21 days of exposure. Sodium bromide significantly affected D. magna reproduction both at the release of the first brood and at the end of the test. Furthermore, NOECs and LOECs determined in both periods were identical (7.5 mg/L and 19.0 mg/L, respectively). EC50 based on reproduction was determined to be 20.8 mg/L. Growth was not affected by sodium bromide either after release of the first brood or after 21 days of exposure.

Key study: A 21 d Daphnia magna reproduction test was performed with the test item sodium bromide in accordance with the provisional procedure proposed by the Federal Environmental Agency: extended toxicology test with Daphnia magna (determination of NOEC for reproduction rate, mortality and the time of the first appearance of offspring; 21 d). Daphnia magna Straus organisms were exposed to test substance concentrations ranging from 3 to 11,444 mg/L. The concentrations of the test substance in the test preparations were chemically quantified. Evaluation parameters for fixing the NOEC were the mortality of the parent animals, the reproduction rate and the appearance of the first offspring during the test period. The NOEC based on reproduction was determined to be 91 mg Br^-/L (117 mg NaBr/L).

Key study: A Daphnia reproduction test was performed with the substance sodium bromide in accordance with the Dutch Standardization Organization Guideline (1980; NEN 6502) and following a method equivalent or similar to OECD Guideline 211. 25 daphnids per vessel were exposed to the test substance for 23 days. The test organisms were observed for mortality and reproductive effects. A NOEC value of 0.0078 g Bromide ion/litre (0.01 g NaBr/L) for the P and F1 generations and a NOEC value of 0.016 g Br^-/L (0.02 g NaBr/L) for the F2 generation were derived from the reproductive performance. Besides, it was found a concentration-related decrease in the total number of eggs produced per female per batch in the brood-chamber, as well as a concentration related decrease in the viability of these eggs. The EC50 based on the reproductive effects was stated to be 0.023 g Br^-/L (0.0296 g NaBr/L) for P, F1 and F2 generation. The LC50 was determined to be 6.1 g Br^-/L (7.85 g NaBr/L).

Supporting study: A long-term toxicity test of sodium bromide was carried out on the freshwater mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis. The organisms were exposed to different concentrations of the test substance over a period of 40 days in a semi-static system. The LC0 (No lethal concentration) was determined to be 3200 mg/L. The NOEC value based on reproduction was stated to be 10 mg/L.

Supporting study: A long-term toxicity test in Daphnia magna was performed with the test substance sodium bromide. 25 daphnids (1 day old) per replicate were exposed to different concentrations of the test item for 21 days under semi-static conditions. The daphnids were observed for mortality and reproductive effects. The LC0 (No lethal concentration) was determined to be 3200 mg/L and the NOEC value, based on reproduction, was reported to be 10 mg/L.

Supporting study: A long-term toxicity test with sodium bromide was carried out on the freshwater specie Hydra oligactis. The organisms were exposed to different concentrations of the test substance over a period of 21 days in a semi-static system. The effect parameter measured was the specific growth rate. The NOEC based on growth rate was stated to be 1000 mg/L, after a 21 day exposure period.