Kombucha

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2022

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

GLP compliance statement and Quality assurance unit statement available in the study report

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Fermentation product of sucrose and Theaceae Camellia Camellia sinensis leaves with a variable symbiosis of bacteria and yeast, of including bacteria of Acetoacteraceæ Acetobacter and Gluconobacter genus, and yeasts of Saccharomycetaceae family

Molecular formula:

Not applicable

IUPAC Name:

Fermentation product of sucrose and Theaceae Camellia Camellia sinensis leaves with a variable symbiosis of bacteria and yeast, of including bacteria of Acetoacteraceæ Acetobacter and Gluconobacter genus, and yeasts of Saccharomycetaceae family

Test material form:

liquid

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

other: Deionized water (as a base of M4 medium)

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

Observation times: 24 and 48 hours

Test conditions

Test temperature:

19.6 – 20.3 °C

pH:

pH 7.0 (0h) and pH 7.4 (48h)

Dissolved oxygen:

8.7 mg 02/L (0h) and 7.8 mg 02/L (48h)

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

3,5-Dichlorphenol (C6H4Cl2O, CAS No. 591-35-5)

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 10 g/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

- Immobilisation in the controls may not exceed 10 % (Immobilisation in the control: 0 %) - The concentration of dissolved oxygen at the end of the test must be at least 3 mg/L (Lowest concentration of dissolved oxygen: 7.8 mg/L)

Conclusions:

According to OECD 202 test, Daphnia 48h-EC50 for Kombucha ("Fermentation product of sucrose and Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) leaves with a variable symbiosis of bacteria and yeast, including various Acetoacteraceæ bacteria and Saccharomycetaceae yeasts) is > 10 mg/l.

Executive summary:

One valid experiment was performed.

20 Daphnia were exposed to the test item for the treatment for 48 hours in a static test system.

The tested concentration showed no toxicity. None of the animals were immobilised in the blank control and the treatment.

At the start and at the end of the test, the content of TOC in the blank control and in the test solution was measured using a carbon analyser. The TOC concentrations in the test solution were 225.5 mg/l at the beginning and 166.5 mg/L at the end of the test. The measured TOC concentrations prove that the substance was present in the test solution. The lower measured concentrations at the end of the test were most likely caused by adsorption of the test item to the test organism or precipitation of the test item due to a re-action between the test item and the minerals in the test medium. Because the test item is a UVCB with several different components, the determination of the biological result was based on the nominal concentration.