Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 231-415-7 | CAS number: 7540-51-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.59 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 150
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 88.16 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
A modification of the dose descriptor starting point (oral to inhalation) was conducted. It is assumed as a worst case assumption that the oral absorption rate is 50% of that of the inhalation absorption.
The corrected dose descriptor (NOAEC) for inhalation was calculated in accordance with the ECHA
Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.8: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for human health.
The conversion of an oral rat NOAEL into a corrected inhalatory NOAEC to assess human inhalatory
exposure was performed using the modification of starting point equation as given in Figure R. 8-3 (see below) for workers (in the case of 8 hour exposure/day).
Default parameters for rats and humans (for 8 hour exposure) were used for the modification of starting point under the allometric scaling principle as given in Table R. 8-2 of the above ECHA guidance.
Conversion of an oral rate N(L)OAEL into a correct inhalatory N(L)OAEC to assess human inhalatory
exposure:
For workers (in case of 8h exposure/day):
Corrected inhalatory N(L)OAEC = oral N(L)OAEL x (1 / sRVrat) x (ABSoral-rat / ABSinh-human) x
(sRVhuman / wRV)
Corrected inhalatory N(L)OAEC= 100 mg/kg bw/day x (1 / 0.38 m3/kg/d) x (0.5) x (6.7 m3(8h) / 10
m3(8h)) = 88.16 mg/m3
Where:
ABS: Absorption
sRV: standard Respiratory Volume
wRV: worker Respiratory Volume (light activity)
Default parametrs:
sRVrat (8 h): 0.38m3/kg bw
sRVhuman (8 h): 6.7 m3/ person
wRV (8 h): 10 m3/ person
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- When the starting point for the DNEL calculation is a NOAEL the default assessment factor is 1.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default for subacute to chronic studies (OECD 421 study assessed as subacute study as most conservative value)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- AF for allometric scaling not required as the differences in allometry (respiration rate and rate to human body sizes) were considered in the conversion from oral to inhalation starting point.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default AF for remaining interspecies differences.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Default AF for worker population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Quality of data considered to be reliable.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2
- Justification:
- An additional AF of 2 has been applied as the OECD 421 study (providing the developmental toxicity data) has been read-across from a structurally similar analogue substance. An additional AF has been considered applicable based on any minor potential differences between the substances.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Dermal
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 600
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 300 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Route of exposure is the same as route of original study.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- When the starting point for the DNEL calculation is a NOAEL the default assessment factor is 1.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default for subacute to chronic studies (OECD 421 study assessed as subacute study as most conservative value)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default AF for allometric scaling based on rats
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default AF for remaining interspecies differences
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Default AF for worker population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Quality of data considered to be reliable.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2
- Justification:
- An additional AF of 2 has been applied as the OECD 421 study (providing the systemic toxicity data) has been read-across from a structurally similar analogue substance. An additional AF has been considered applicable based on any minor potential differences between the substances.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.145 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 300
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 43.5 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
A modification of the dose descriptor starting point (oral to inhalation) was conducted. It is assumed asa worst case assumption that the oral absorption rate is 50% of that of the inhalation absorption.
The corrected dose descriptor (NOAEC) for inhalation was calculated in accordance with the ECHA
Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.8: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for human health.
The conversion of an oral rat NOAEL into a corrected inhalatory NOAEC to assess human inhalatory
exposure was performed using the modification of starting point equation as given in Figure R. 8-3 (see below) for general population (in the case of 24 hour exposure/day).
Default parameters for rats and humans (for 24 hour exposure) were used for the modification of starting point under the allometric scaling principle as given in Table R. 8-2 of the above ECHA guidance.
Conversion of an oral rate N(L)OAEL into a correct inhalatory N(L)OAEC to assess human inhalatory
exposure:
For general population (in case of 24h exposure/day):
Corrected inhalatory N(L)OAEC = oral N(L)OAEL x (1 / sRVrat) x (ABSoral-rat / ABSinh-human)
Corrected inhalatory N(L)OAEC= 100 mg/kg bw/day x (1 / 1.15 m3/kg/d) x (0.5) = 43.49 mg/m3
Where:
ABS: Absorption
sRV: standard Respiratory Volume
wRV: worker Respiratory Volume (light activity)
Default parametrs:
sRVrat (24 h): 1.15m3/kg bw
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- When the starting point for the DNEL calculation is a NOAEL the default assessment factor is 1.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default for subacute to chronic studies (OECD 421 study assessed as subacute study as most conservative value)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- AF for allometric scaling not required as the differences in allometry (respiration rate and rate to human body sizes) were considered in the conversion from oral to inhalation starting point.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default AF for remaining interspecies differences.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default AF for general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Quality of data considered to be reliable.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2
- Justification:
- An additional AF of 2 has been applied as the OECD 421 study (providing the reproductive/developmental toxicity data) has been read-across from a structurally similar analogue substance. An additional AF has been considered applicable based on any minor potential differences between the substances.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.25 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Dermal
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 300 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Route of exposure is the same as route of original study.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- When the starting point for the DNEL calculation is a NOAEL the default assessment factor is 1.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default for subacute to chronic studies (OECD 421 study assessed as subacute study as most conservative value)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default AF for allometric scaling based on rats
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default AF for remaining interspecies differences
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default AF for general population.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Quality of data considered to be reliable
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2
- Justification:
- An additional AF of 2 has been applied as the OECD 421 study (providing the systemic dose toxicity data) has been read-across from a structurally similar analogue substance. An additional AF has been considered applicable based on any minor potential differences between the substances.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.083 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Route of exposure is the same as route of original study.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- When the starting point for the DNEL calculation is a NOAEL the default assessment factor is 1.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default for subacute to chronic studies (OECD 421 study assessed as subacute study as most
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default AF for allometric scaling based on rats
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default AF for remaining interspecies differences
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default AF for general population.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Quality of data considered to be reliable
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2
- Justification:
- An additional AF of 2 has been applied as the OECD 421 study (providing the reproductive/developmental toxicity data) has been read-across from a structurally similar analogue substance. An additional AF has been considered applicable based on any minor potential differences between the substances.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.