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EC number: 947-719-4 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2017-07-10 - 2017-07-13
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EPA Ecological Effects Test Guidelines, OCSPP 850.5400, Algal Toxicity, Tiers I and II
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Batch/Lot Number: 7675229
Description: White/gray solid
Expiry date: 31 August 2018 - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: control and 100 mg/L solutions
- Sampling method: Duplicate samples (from 3 replicates) taken at t=0 ad t=72h in plastic tubes.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Frozen and kept at approx. -20 deg C at the test facility. One set of samples sent to the test site for analysis and one set retained as back-up at the test facility. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution with a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L was prepared with direct addition of the test item, mixed into the test medium (OECD Medium) using ultrasonicbath (approximately 4 minutes). As a Limit Test was carried out, further dilution of stock solution was not be performed. - Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Strain: 61.81 SAG (identical strains: CCAP 278/4; UTEX 1648; ATCC 22662)
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): The algae were supplied by the SAG: Collection of Algal Cultures, Inst. Plant Physiology, and University of Göttingen, GERMANY.
- Method of cultivation: Cultured under standardised conditions (see OECD 201) in the Ecotoxicological Laboratory of CiToxLAB Hungary Ltd.
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions: Stock cultures are small algal colonies that are inoculated onto agar regularly. These are transferred to fresh agar medium at least once every two months and are maintained under standardised conditions according to the test guidelines. The pre-culture is intended to give a quantity of algae suitable for the inoculation of test cultures. The pre-culture was prepared with the OECD algal growth medium, incubated under the same conditions as the test and used when still growing exponentially, after an incubation period of three days.
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: When the algal cultures contain deformed or abnormal cells, they were discarded. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- not applicable
- Hardness:
- no data
- Test temperature:
- 22.8 – 23.0 °C
- pH:
- 7.40 – 8.92 during the experiment
- Dissolved oxygen:
- no data
- Salinity:
- no data
- Conductivity:
- no data
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 250 mL. Fill volume = 100 mL.
- Aeration: fitted with air-permeable stoppers
- Initial cells density: approximately 1E04 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 69.67E04 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted algal growth medium (OECD medium, according to OECD 201) was used as dilution water for both the range finding and definitive tests.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: The algal culture flasks were continuously illuminated.
- Light intensity and quality: The light intensity at the position occupied by algal culture flasks during the test was about 8335 lux (equivalent to ~113 μE/m2/s), which was ensured with fluorescent lamps (with a spectral range of 400-700 nm).
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- The cell numbers were determined at 24, 48 and 72 hours after starting the test by manual cell counting using a microscopic method with a counting chamber.
- Microscopic observation of the algal cells in each concentration and in the control was performed (at 24h, 48h and 72h) to detect any abnormal appearance of the algae.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: Not applicable - limit test
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Based on results of range-finding study.
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10, 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
Test concentration (mg/L)/ Average number of cells at 72 hours (E04 cell/mL): 0.1/72.00; 1/70.00; 10/70.50; 100/70.00
Because no toxic effect was observed during the preliminary range-finding test, only one test concentration of the test item in the test medium (100 mg/L) and one control group were tested in a Limit Test. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): There were no any observed morphological deviations during the experiment.
- Unusual cell shape: no
- Colour differences: no
- Flocculation: no
- Adherence to test vessels: no
- Aggregation of algal cells: no
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- For the evaluation of the quality of the algae and validation of the experimental conditions, Potassium dichromate is tested at least twice a year to demonstrate
satisfactory test conditions.
The date of the last study (Study Code: 17/058-022AL) with the reference item Potassium dichromate is (Batch Number: A0345704): 07 – 10 March 2017.
The 72h ErC 50: 0.88 mg/L, (95 % confidence limits: 0.81 – 0.96 mg/L)
The 72h EyC 50: 0.54 mg/L, (95 % confidence limits: 0.50 – 0.59 mg/L)
The 72h EbC 50: 0.64 mg/L, (95 % confidence limits: 0.59 – 0.70 mg/L)
These values are within the range of laboratory ring test data (see ISO Guideline No. 8692). - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- 72h EbC50 value (biomass): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h ErC50 value (growth rate): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h EyC50 value (yield): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h NOEC: 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h LOEC: > 100 mg/L (nominal) - Executive summary:
The effect of the test item was assessed on algal growth using the unicellular green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, over an
exposure period of 72 hours (OECD TG 201).
Because a toxic response was not observed during the preliminary concentration rangefinding test, a Limit Test was carried out using only one test concentration of 100 mg/L (nominal) and one control group.
The test concentration was analytically determined at the start and at the end of the experiment. Measured concentration was 105.6 mg/L at the start and 106.3 mg/L at the end of the experiment. As the analytically measured concentration deviated not more than 20 per cent from the nominal, the biological results are based on the nominal test item concentration.
The test design included six replicates at test concentration and six replicates for the untreated control.
Statistical comparisons of biomass, average specific growth rates and yield in control and in treated groups were carried out using 2 Sample t-Test (α = 0.05) by TOXSTAT software.
The ErC50, EbC50 and EyC50 values of the test item were determined directly from the raw data.
Under the conditions of this algal growth inhibition test the calculated endpoints for the effect of the test item salt were the following:
72h ErC50 value (biomass): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h EbC50 value (growth rate): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h EyC50 value (yield): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h NOEC: 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h LOEC: > 100 mg/L (nominal)
Reference
Description of key information
72h ErC50 value (biomass): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h EbC50 value (growth rate): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h EyC50 value (yield): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h NOEC: 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h LOEC: > 100 mg/L (nominal
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 100 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
The effect of the test item was assessed on algal growth using the unicellular green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, over an exposure period of 72 hours (OECD TG 201).
Because a toxic response was not observed during the preliminary concentration rangefinding test, a Limit Test was carried out using only one test concentration of 100 mg/L (nominal) and one control group.
The test concentration was analytically determined at the start and at the end of the experiment. Measured concentration was 105.6 mg/L at the start and 106.3 mg/L at the end of the experiment. As the analytically measured concentration deviated not more than 20 per cent from the nominal, the biological results are based on the nominal test item concentration.
The test design included six replicates at test concentration and six replicates for the untreated control.
Statistical comparisons of biomass, average specific growth rates and yield in control and in treated groups were carried out using 2 Sample t-Test (α = 0.05) by TOXSTAT software.
The ErC50, EbC50 and EyC50 values of the test item were determined directly from the raw data.
Under the conditions of this algal growth inhibition test the calculated endpoints for the effect of the test item were the following:
72h ErC50 value (biomass): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h EbC50 value (growth rate): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h EyC50 value (yield): > 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h NOEC: 100 mg/L (nominal)
72h LOEC: > 100 mg/L (nominal)
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