Dipotassium hexachloroplatinate

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study apparently performed according to the method described in Federal Register 1973, Vol. 38, No. 187, Section 1500: 41, which has some significant deviations from current OECD guidelines.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1978

Report date:

1978

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Skin irritation patch test, as described in Federal Register 1973, Vol. 38, No. 187, Section 1500: 41.

Deviations:

not specified

Principles of method if other than guideline:

0.5 g of material was applied on a gauze pad to abraded and non-abraded skin of six albino rabbits. The site was covered with adhesive tape. The sites were examined after 24 and 72 hours for erythema and oedema.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Sodium hexachloroplatinate

IUPAC Name:

Sodium hexachloroplatinate

Test material form:

solid: crystalline

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Sodium chloroplatinate
- Substance type: orange crystalline solid
- Physical state: solid
- Lot/batch No.: 031003

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: “recognised breeders”
- Age at study initiation: 14-16 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2.2 kg (average)
- Diet: ad libitum commercial rabbit diet from Rank Hovis MacDougal
- Water: ad libitum

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): “Natural lighting conditions”

Test system

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Preparation of test site:

other: Backs of the rabbits were shaved (not “closely clipped” as recommended by the OECD guidelines). One site of each rabbit was abraded immediately before application of the test material, the other site remained intact.

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 g

Duration of treatment / exposure:

24 hrs

Observation period:

48 hrs

Number of animals:

Six females

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: Each site 2.5 cm2 (one intact, one abraded)
- Type of wrap if used: Gauze pad was secured by “Sleek” tape (evidently a waterproof tape)

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): None

SCORING SYSTEM: Erythema (and eschar) formation and oedema formation were assessed on the intact and abraded skin of six rabbits at 24 and 72 hrs after initial application of the test compound (i.e. as soon as the dressing was removed and again 48 hrs later). The primary irritation index was calculated by adding the four values for erythema (and eschar) formation to the four for oedema formation, and dividing the total by four. According to the study report, Draize (1959) considers that “compounds producing combined averages (primary irritation indices) of 2 or less are only mildly irritating; whereas those with indices of 2 to 5 are moderate irritants, and those with scores above 6 are considered severe irritants”.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Irritation parameter:

primary dermal irritation index (PDII)

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 24 and 72 hrs after initial application

Score:

0.5

Max. score:

8

Reversibility:

other: Reversibility not assessed, as observation period only 48 hrs (not up to 14 days as recommended in the OECD guidelines)

Other effects:

“Three abraded sites showed local areas of necrosis where the sample had entered abrasions on the epidermis. The systemic toxicity was not reported.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table: Individual scores for each time point

Animal number	Time/hr	Erythema		Oedema
		Abraded skin	Intactskin	Abraded skin	Intact skin
1	24	0	0	0	0
	72	0	0	0	0
2	24	1N	0	0	0
	72	2N	0	1	0
3	24	0	0	0	0
	72	0	0	0	0
4	24	0	0	0	0
	72	1N	0	1	0
5	24	0	0	0	0
	72	0	0	0	0
6	24	1N	0	1	0
	72	2N	0	2	0

N: Local areas of necrosis where the sample has entered abrasions on the epidermis

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

In an early US guideline study, sodium hexachloroplatinate (0.5 g) was applied (24-hr, occluded) to the shaved abraded and intact skin of six rabbits. No evidence of irritation to intact skin was observed during the observation period.

Executive summary:

In a US Federal Register Patch Test (1973), the skin irritant potential of sodium hexachloroplatinate was assessed in six female New Zealand White rabbits. The test material (0.5 g) was applied (occluded) to the shaved abraded and intact skin for 24 hr.The sites were assessed for evidence of erythema (and eschar) formation and oedema formation immediately upon removal of the patch, and again 48 hr later.

 

The intact skin sites displayed no evidence of erythema/oedema at either time point. Three abraded sites showed evidence of possible necrosis associated with the abrasions in the skin.A Primary Irritation Score of 0.5 (out of 8) was obtained. The study authors classified sodium hexachloroplatinate as a mild skin irritant in this test system

 

This study suffered from a number of significant deviations from those given in the current OECD guidelines, including use of abraded skin, no moistening of test substance (a powder) to ensure good skin contact, a longer exposure period and failure to wash off any residual test material after removal of patch, observation period was insufficient to assess reversibility of effects, and skin was only examined on 2 occasions, at 0 and 48 hrs, rather than at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hrs, after patch removal. However, certain of these deviations are likely to increase the possibility of an irritant reaction.

 

Based on the results of this study, no classification for skin irritation is required under EUCLP criteria (EC 1272/2008).