3-chloropropionyl chloride

Ecotoxicological Summary

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.045 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):

0.453 mg/L

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.005 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC STP

PNEC value:

482 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.335 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.034 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for air

Air

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC soil

PNEC value:

0.04 mg/kg soil dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for predators

Secondary poisoning

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no potential for bioaccumulation

Additional information

Due to the rapid hydrolysis of the parent compound, the PNEC derivation is based on the results for the parent compound, its hydrolysis product 3-chloropropionic acid (107-94-8).

Effect values of the hydrolysis product HCl (7647 -01 -0) were not considered in the ecotoxicological evaluation of the substance since the observed toxicity was not due to intrinsic properties of the molecule, but is due to pH effects.

Conclusion on classification

The parent compound rapidly hydrolyses in contact with water and forms 3-chloropropionic acid (107-94-8) and HCl (CAS 7647 -01 -0).

Data from HCl have not been taken into consideration as observed effects are caused by a pH-shift in the test medium. Data for the parent compound itself are available only for short-term toxicity to fish. Acute toxicitty data for the hydrolysis product chloropropionic acid (107-94-8) are available for two trophic levels: aquatic invertebrates and algae; chronic toxicity data are only available for algae.

Therefore, the conclusion on classification will be based on the information available for 3-chloropropionyl chloride and its hydrolysis product 3-chloropropionic acid.

Official classification regarding environmental hazards:

Aquatic compartment

According to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Annex VI Table 3.1 the substance holds no relevant classification.

According to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 Annex VI Table 3.2 the substance holds no relevant classification.

Self-classification

Aquatic compartment

Following GHS, the substance is not to be classified as acutely or chronically hazardous to the aquatic environment.

Rationale:

The substance is not to be classified as acutely hazardous to the aquatic environment, since the lowest acute effect value is > 1 mg/L.

Chronic data are available for algae; therefore, classification is based on the available chronic and acute toxicity data.

- Chronic toxicity data:

Chronic data are available for algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus, 72-h ErC10 = 10.1 mg/L; ECHA disseminate data, 2015), indicating that the substance does not present a long-term hazard according to the categories outlined in Table 4.1.0(b) (ii) (Commission Regulation (EU) No 286/2011 amending Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008) for rapidly degradable substances. Based on the chronic data for the hydrolysis product methanol, the parent compound is not to be classified as chronically hazardous to the aquatic environment as the lowest chronic effect value is clearly higher than 1 mg/L

- Acute toxicity data:

The lowest effect value (LC/EC50) for acute toxicity to aquatic organisms (fish and aquatic invertebrates) is >10 and ≤. 100 mg/L.

However, the parent compound hydrolyses to form 3-chloropropionic acid. The hydrolysis product is readily biodegradable (Trénel J. and Kühn R., 1982). Log Kow values of the parent compound and its hydrolysis product are <4. Therefore, based on the available data for the hydrolysis product 3-chloropropionic acid and for the parent compound itself, the parent compound is not to be classified as chronically hazardous to the aquatic environment.