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EC number: 242-538-0 | CAS number: 18727-04-3
Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
NOEC (24 weeks) = 389 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil dw (Eisenia fetida) for growth (read-across from cobalt chloride hexahydrate)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
No data on the toxicity to soil macroorganisms are available for cobalt hydrogen citrate. However, there are reliable data available for different analogue substances.
The environmental fate pathways and ecotoxicity effects assessments for cobalt metal and cobalt compounds is based on the observation that adverse effects to aquatic, soil- and sediment-dwelling organisms are a consequence of exposure to the bioavailable ion, released by the parent compound. The result of this assumption is that the ecotoxicology will be similar for all soluble cobalt substances used in the ecotoxicity tests. Therefore, data from soluble cobalt substances are used in the derivation of ecotoxicological and environmental fate endpoints, based on the cobalt ion.
Data on macroorganism (non-arthopod) toxicity tests resulting in high quality EC50 values (expressed as Co) for Eisenia fetida and a nematode species (n=4) are summarised in the WHO CICAD (2006).
No EC50 values are available for any of the three studies on Eisenia fetida. The results range from a NOEC(growth, 8 weeks) of 30 mg Co/kg soil dry weight, tested as unspecified cobalt salt (with significant differences to the control from 300 mg/kg soil dw) to 77% mortality at 4720 mg Co/kg soil dry weight, tested as cobalt chloride (hydration not specified) after 10 weeks exposure, with a recalculated value of between 127 and 19,945 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil dw (WHO CICAD, 2006).
The key study for effects on growth reports a NOEC of 92 mg Co/kg soil dry weight after 24 weeks exposure to cobalt chloride hexahydrate (Neuhauser et al., 1984), with the recalculated value of 389 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil dw.
Another study on the nematode speciesCaenorhabditis elegansreports 24 hour LC40 values for total cobalt of 1274 mg/L and for the free ion at 1210 mg/L (Hartenstein et al., 1981; WHO CICAD, 2006).
References: World Health Organization (2006). Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 69. COBALT AND INORGANIC COBALT COMPOUNDS.
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