Registration Dossier

Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets

Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Administrative data

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2017
Report date:
2017

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
Version / remarks:
1992
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
Version / remarks:
2008
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
1,8-dichloroanthraquinone
EC Number:
201-420-9
EC Name:
1,8-dichloroanthraquinone
Cas Number:
82-43-9
Molecular formula:
C14H6Cl2O2
IUPAC Name:
1,8-dichloro-9,10-anthraquinone
Details on test material:
- Lot/batch No.: CH1501905 (Sample number 2824)
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 2018-04-25

Study design

Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
Details on inoculum:
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): mixed population of aquatic microorganisms (activated sludge) was obtained on 2017-04-18 from the aeration tank of a wastewater plant treating predominantly domestic sewage (Wupper area water authority, WWTP Odenthal)

- Preparation of inoculum for exposure:
- Before use, the inoculum was stored for two days at room temperature under continuous stirring with aeration.
- The sludge was washed twice by adding mineral medium and centrifuging for 10 min at 2000 rpm and 20 °C and decanting off the supernatant.
- An aliquot of the wet sludge was dried in order to determine the wet weight / dry weight ratio of the sludge and to prepare a stock suspension (activated sludge) of 3 g dw/L.
- The calculated amount of sludge, needed to achieve 300 mL of this stock suspension, was dissolved in mineral medium and then filled up to a defined end volume.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial test substance concentration
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: mineral medium:
The mineral medium was prepared from stock solutions of mineral components described as follows.
1. Mineral salt solution:
KH2PO4 8.50 g/L
K2HPO4 21.75 g/L
Na2HPO4.2H2O 33.40 g/L
NH4CI 0.50 g/L
The components were dissolved in deionised water and filled up to 1 litre.
The pH of the solution was in the recommended range of pH 7.4 ± 0.2.

2. Magnesuim sulphate solution:
MgSO4.7H2O 22.50 g/L
The substance was dissolved in deionised water and filled up to 1 litre.

3. Calcium chloride solution:
CaCl2.2H2O 36.40 g/L
The substance was dissolved in deionised water and filled up to 1 litre.

4. Iron (III) chloride solution:
FeCl3.6H2O 0.25 g/L
The substance was dissolved in deionised water and filled up to 1 litre. To stabilise the solution 1 drop of concentrated hydrochloride solution (37%) was added.

To prepare the mineral medium 10 mL of the mineral salt solution were mixed with 800 mL deionised water. Then 1 mL each of the magnesium sulphate-, calcium chloride- and the iron (III) chloride solution were added and filled up to 1 litre with deionised water.

- Test temperature: 22 ± 1 °C
- pH adjusted: no
- Suspended solids concentration: 30 mg/L suspended solids
- Continuous darkness: yes

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 250 mL flasks
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 3 per test item & control, 2 per reference item and one for the toxicity control
- Measuring equipment: OxiTopControl System (WTW); mixing: 1 magnetic stirrer per test vessel
- Measuring frequency: Daily

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: The endogenous activity of the inoculum was checked running parallel blanks with inoculum but without test item.
- Toxicity control: 25 mg of the test item and 25 mg of the reference compound were weighed on aluminum foil and added to the test flasks, filled with 200 mL of mineral medium. Afterwards the flask volume was made up to 250 mL with mineral medium containing the inoculum to give a test concentration of 100 mg test item and reference compound/L.
Reference substance
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt

Results and discussion

% Degradation
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
1
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
All validity criteria of the test method were met:
The reference compound reached the level of ≥ 60 percent for ready biodegradability within 14 days.
The toxicity control exhibited degradation rates > 25 % within 14 days.
At the end of the test, at the plateau, or the end of the 10-d window, biodegradation in parallels with test item did not differ by more than 20 percentage points.
The oxygen uptake of the inoculum blank was ≤ 60 mg/L.
In cases where the degradation was ≤ 60 %, the pH values were in between 6.0 and 8.5 at the end of the test.

BOD5 / COD results

Results with reference substance:
The reference compound sodium benzoate showed 94 % degradation after 14 days and 97 % after 28 days.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
not readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
The study was conducted under GLP according to OECD 301 F without deviations on the registered substance itself. The method is to be considered scientifically reasonable and suitable for the test item, the available information allows the conclusion that the test was properly conducted, the positive control showed the appropriate results. Hence, the results can be considered as reliable to assess ready biodegradability of the test substance. The test item attained 2% biodegradation after 28 days and can therefore be considered as not readily biodegradable under the terms and conditions of OECD Guideline No. 301F.
Executive summary:

A study was performed to assess the ready biodegradability of the test item in an aerobic aqueous media. The method followed was designed to be compatible with the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (1992) No. 301F, "Ready Biodegradability; Manometric Respirometry Test" and EU method C.4-D.

A suspension of 100 mg/L test item in a mineral medium, equalling to 50-100 mg ThOD or COD/Litre as the nominal sole source of organic carbon, was stirred in a closed flask and inoculated at a constant temperature (22 ± 1 °C) for up to 28 days under aerobic conditions in the dark.

The endogenous activity of the inoculum was checked running parallel blanks with inoculum but without test item. A reference compound (sodium benzoate) was run in parallel to check the operation of the procedures.

A toxicity control (test item and reference compound mixed, one replicate) was run in parallel, to ensure that the chosen concentration of the test item was not inhibitory to microorganisms.

Degradation was followed by the determination of oxygen uptake and measurements were taken at frequent intervals to allow the identification of the beginning and end of biodegradation and the slope of the biodegradation curve.

The test item showed:

0 % degradation after 7 days

1 % degradation after 14 days

1 % degradation after 21 days

1 % degradation after 28 days

Therefore, 1,8 -dichloranthrachinon is considered to be “Not Readily Biodegradable“.

The reference compound sodium benzoate showed 94 % degradation after 14 days. All validity criteria of the test method were met.