Disodium 4,4'-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to fish:

Fish Acute Toxicity test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for Disodium 4,4'-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate

(UERL study report, Report no. 4553 -89 -3/01/2015/FT, Sustainability Support Services (Europe) AB has the letter of access, 2015). The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 1 gm of the test substance in 1 liter of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system). The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 6.25 mg/L, 12.5mg/L, 25mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L and Zebra Fish (Danio rerio) were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The fishes were moving slowly as compared to control. No mortalities were found in the control aquaria.  The lethal concentrations LC50 value was determined to be > 100mg/L. Based on the above LC50 value it can be concluded that the target substance 4,4'-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate is non toxic to fish and thus can not be classified under Aquatic toxic category.

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:
The Lethal concentration (LC50) of the substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) in Daphnia magna in a 48 hour study is estimated to be 145.22 mg/L.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cynobacteria:
After 72 hours of exposure to various nominal test concentrations of disodium 4,4’-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate (CAS No. 4553-89-3) to freshwater green alga Chlorella vulgaris, EC50 was determined to be 379.668 mg/l graphically through probit analysis.

Toxicity to microorganisms:
The Effective concentration (LC50) of the substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) in Vibrio fischeri in a 30 minute study is estimated to be 12.99 mg/L based on the effects on physiology.

Additional information

Short term toxicity to fish:

Data available for short term toxicity to fish endpoint of the substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) are summarized as follows:

In key study, Fish Acute Toxicity test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for Disodium 4,4'-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate (UERL study report, Report no. 4553 -89 -3/01/2015/FT, Sustainability Support Services (Europe) AB has the letter of access, 2015). The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 1 gm of the test substance in 1 liter of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system). The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 6.25 mg/L, 12.5mg/L, 25mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L and Zebra Fish (Danio rerio) were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The fishes were moving slowly as compared to control. No mortalities were found in the control aquaria.  The lethal concentrations LC50 value was determined to be > 100mg/L.

While in supporting study, Short term toxicity to fish of Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) is estimated using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3 (2015). The Lethal concentration (LC50) of the substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) in fish Oncorhynchus mykiss in a 96 hour study is estimated to be 1311.92 mg/L.

Based on the above LC50 values it can be concluded that the target substance 4,4'-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate is not likely to be toxic to fish and thus cannot be classified under Aquatic toxic category as per CLP regulation.

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:
Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates of Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) was estimated using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3. The Lethal concentration (LC50) of the substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) in Daphnia magna in a 48 hour study is estimated to be 145.22 mg/L. This value indicates that the substance is not likely to exhibit toxicity to aquatic invertebrates as per the CLP criteria.

 Toxicity to aquatic algae and cynobacteria:
Available Experimental and predicted data of the target substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) for the Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate are summarized as follows:

For key study, the effect of test item disodium 4,4'-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate, CAS No. 4553-89-3 was studied on the growth of fresh water green alga Chlorella vulgaris. The study was conducted following OECD guideline 201- Alga growth inhibition test. The test concentrations chosen for the study were 12.5mg/l, 25mg/l, 50 mg/l, 100mg/l, 200 mg/l and 400mg/l. The test concentrations were prepared using stock solution of the test item using mineral media. The green alga was exposed to the test concentration for a period of 72 hours to observe average specific growth rate and % growth inhibition under the effect of the test item. EC50, calculated graphically through probit analysis, was observed to be 379.668 mg/l.

Supporting above experimental study, toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria of Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) was estimated using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3. The Effective concentration (LC50) of the substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) in algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in a 72 hour study is estimated to be 155.21 mg/L. based on the effects on population.

Based on the above LC50 values it can be concluded that the target substance 4,4'-[[2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylene]bis(azo)]bisnaphthalene-1-sulphonate is not likely to be toxic to algae and thus cannot be classified under Aquatic toxic category as per CLP criteria.

Toxicity to microorganisms:
Toxicity to micro-organisms of Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) was estimated using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3. The Effective concentration (LC50) of the substance Disodium 4,4’-(2,4-dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-1,3-phenylene bis-azo) di- (naphthalene-1-sulfonate) in Vibrio fischeri in a 30 minute study is estimated to be 12.99 mg/L based on the effects on physiology while in Pseudomonas putida in a 17 hour study it is estimated to be 6597.21 mg/L based on growth inhibition effect.