6-aminopenicillanic acid

Guidance on Safe Use

First-aid measures

Ingestion:

Never attempt to induce vomiting. Do not attempt to give any solid or liquid by mouth if the exposed subject is unconscious or semi-consci ous. Wash out the mouth with water. If the exposed subject is fully conscious, give plenty of water to drink. Obtain medical attention.

Inhalation:

Using appropriate personal protective equipment,  move exposed subject to fresh air. If breathing is difficult or ceases, ensure and maintain ventilation. Give oxygen as appropriate. The exposed subject should be kept warm and at rest. Obtain medical attention in cases of known or possible over exposure, or with symptoms including chest pain, difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness or other adverse effects, which may be delayed.

Skin contact:

Using appropriate personal protective equipment, remove contaminated clothing clothing and flush exposed area with large amounts of water. Obtain medical attention if skin reaction occurs, which may be immediately or delayed.

Eye contact:

Wash immediately with clean and gently flowing water. Continue for at least 15 minutes. Obtain medical attention.

Medical Treament:

Treat according to locally accepted protocols. For additional guidance, refer to the local poison control information centre.

Medical conditions caused or aggravated by exposure:

This material may cause or aggravate allergy to penicillin antibiotics

Health Surveillance Procedure:

The need for pre-placement and periodic health surveillance must be determined by risk assessment. Following assessment, if the risk of exposure is considered significant then exposed individuals should receive health surveillance focused on detecting respiratory symptoms and including respiratory function testing. In the event of overexposure, individuals should receive post exposure health surveillance focused on detecting respiratory conditions and other allergy symptoms. Exposed individuals are encouraged to report symptoms of skin and respiratory irritation to an occupational health professional or line management. These symptoms may include, but are not limited to, skin conditions, bronchitis, asthma, or nasal irritation.

Fire-fighting measures

Fire and Explosion Hazard:

This material is not non-combustible. Dust clouds are potentially very higly sensitive to ignition from incendive electrostatic discharges.

Dust clouds are of low sensitivity to ignition from hot surfaces. No ignition or exotherm of a powder layer observed up to 400°C. Ignition of a dust cloud produces a strong dust explosion. High pressure between 8 and 10 bar is produced during a dust explosion.  

Suitable Extinguishing Media:

No special requirements needed. Water is recommended for fires involving packaging.

Special Protective Equipment and Precautions for Firefighters:

Since, toxic corrosive or flammable vapour might be evolved from fires involving this material, self contained breathing apparatus and full protective equipment are recommended for firefighters. Move containers from the fire area if possible without increased personal risk. If possible, contain and collect firefighting water for later disposal.

Specific Hazards arising from the Material:

Toxic, corrosive or flammable thermal decomposition products, which might include sulphur compounds, are expected when the material is exposed to fire.

Accidental release measures

Personal Precautions:

Fence or cordon the affected area and do not allow individuals to touch or walk through the spilled material unless weanng appropriate protective clothing. Avoid dust generation.

Environmental Precautions:

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, surface drainage systems and poorly ventilated areas, If spill is outdoors, cover with plastic sheet to minimise spreading or contact with rain.

Clean-up Methods:

Collect and place it in a suitable, properly labelled container for recovery or disposal. Following removal of spillage, wash down spillage area with copious amounts of water only if waste water can be directed to an on-site waste water treatment system.

Decontamination Procedures:

No specific decontamination or detoxification procedures have been identified for this material. Consider use of water, detergent solutions, or other soluble solvents, for clean-up and decontamination operations.

Handling and storage

GSK Process Hazard: 4

Category General Requirements:

Avoid dispersion as a dust cloud. Depending upon the scale of operation, use of appropriate exhaust ventilation is recommended to provide routine control of fire and explosion hazards during handling of this material.

Ignition Controls:

Bond and earth (ground) all plant and equipment to ensure that no isolated conductors are present. Isolated conductors can accumulate sufficient electrostatic charge to produce discharges of many hundreds of milli-Joules. Consider earthing (grounding) personnel dealing with dusty operations. An isolated (insulated) human body can readily produce electrostatic discharges in excess of 50 mJ, but have been recorded up to 100 mJ.

Minimise the use of plastics when handling this material. Handle and store this material only in conductive or anti-static plastic liners (bags) since normal plastics are known to be capable of producing electrostatic discharges of up to 4 mJ, ensuring that any containers into which they are placed are themselves of a conductive material and earthed (grounded).The maximum surface temperature of enclosures potentially exposed to this material should be the lower of the values obtained by taking 2/3 of the minimum ignition temperature for a dust cloud or 751< less than the minimum ignition temperature of the dust layer, with a maximum temperature of 325° C.

Protective Systems:

Assess operations based upon available dust explosion information to determine the suitability of preventive or protective systems as precautionary measures against possible dust explosions. If prevention is not possible, consider protection by use of containment, venting or suppression of dust handling equipment. Where explosion venting is considered the most appropriate method of protection, vent areas should preferably be calculated based on the <st rather than the St value. If nitrogen purging is considered as the protective system, it must operate with an oxygen level below the limiting oxygen concentration. The system should include an oxygen monitoring and shut-down facility in the event of excessive oxygen being detected.At ambient humidity, this material is of appreciable conductivity. Generation and accumulation of electrostatic charge is considered unlikely to occur when handled in an earthed (grounded) environment.At low humidity, this material is of low conductivity. Generation of electrostatic charge is considered likely to occur even when handled in an earthed (grounded) environment.At ambient humidity, this material has a fast charge relaxation time. Accumulation of electrostatic charge is considered unlikely to occur when handled in an earthed (grounded) environment. At the end of the charge accumulation process charge is expected to be readily lost to earth (ground) At low humidity, this material has a very long charge relaxation time. Accumulation of electrostatic charge is considered very likely to occur even when handled in an earthed (grounded) environment. Under these conditions, it is considered that this material might present a very high risk of producing an electrostatic discharge.

Transport information

Shipping

SpecialProvisions

Shipping

Remarks

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

Shipping

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Shipping

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SpecialProvisions

Exposure controls / personal protection

GSK Occupational Hazard Category :1

GSK Occupational Exposure Limit: 1000 mcg/m3 (8 HR TWA)

Occupational Hygiene Air Monitoring Methods : An occupational/industrial hygiene monitoring method has been developed for this material. For advice on suitable monitoring methods, seek guidance from a qualified environment, health and safety professional

ENGINEERING CONTROLS

Exposure Controls: An Exposure Control Approach (ECA) is established for operations involving this material based upon the OELl occupational Hazard Category and the outcome of a site- or operation-specific risk assessment. Refer to the Exposure Control Matrix for more information about how ECA’s are assigned and how to interpret them.

Containment: No special engineering controls are required.

Ventilation: Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) is recommended.

Administrative: Only authorised personnel may enter the working area.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Eye Protection: Wear approved safety glasses with side shields or cover goggles if eye contact is possible.

Gloves: The selection of gloves for a specific activity must be based on the material’s properties and on possible permeation and degradation that may occur under the circumstances of use- Glove selection must take into account any solvents and other hazards present. Potential allergic reactions can occur with certain glove materials (e.g. Latex) and therefore these should be avoided. Care must be exercised if insufficient data are available and further guidance should be sought from your local EMS department.

Respirators: If respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is used, the type of RPE will depend upon air concentrations present, required protection factor as well as hazards, physical properties and warning properties of substances present

Other Equipment or Procedures: Follow all local regulations if personal protective equipment (PPE) is used in the workplace. Wear appropriate clothing to avoid skin contact. An eye wash station should be available.

Disposal considerations

Disposal Recommendations:

Collect for recycling or recovery if possible. The recommended method of disposal is incineration. Wherever possible, disposal should be in an on-site licenced chemical incinerator, if allowed by the incinerator licence or permit. If no on-site incinerator is available, dispose of material in a licenced commerical chemicl incinerator.

Regulatory Requirements:

Observe all local and national regulations when disposing of this material.