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EC number: 203-212-3 | CAS number: 104-54-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from peer-reviewed journal.
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Gene mutation toxicity study of the test chemical
- Author:
- Sekizawa, J., Shibamoto, T.
- Year:
- 1 982
- Bibliographic source:
- Mutation Research, 1982
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Gene mutation toxicity study of the test chemical
- Author:
- D. Bickers et. al.
- Year:
- 2 005
- Bibliographic source:
- Food and Chemical Toxicology (2005)
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Refer below principle
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- In vitro bacterial reverse gene mutation assay for test chemical was studied in S. typhimurium and Escherichia coli strains. The mutagenicity assay was conducted as described by Ames et al. with slight modifications. All tester strains were examined periodically for the markers indicated by Ames et al.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Cinnamyl alcohol
- EC Number:
- 203-212-3
- EC Name:
- Cinnamyl alcohol
- Cas Number:
- 104-54-1
- Molecular formula:
- C9H10O
- IUPAC Name:
- 3-phenylpropan-1-ol
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Remarks:
- Oily liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Cinnamyl alcohol
- IUPAC name : 3-Phenylprop-2-en-1-ol
- Molecular Formula: C9H10O
- Molecular Weight: 134.177 g/mol
- Smiles: c1(ccccc1)/C=C/CO
- InChI: 1S/C9H10O/c10-8-4-7-9-5-2-1-3-6-9/h1-7,10H,8H2/b7-4+
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Crystalline solid
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- Histidine for Salmonella strains and tryptophan for E. coli strains
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1537, TA1538
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Type and composition of metabolic activation system:
S9 mix (500 µM) consisted of 100µL of S9, 50 µmoles sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), 4 µmoles MgCl2, 16.5 µmoles KCl, 2.5 µmoles G-6-P, 2 µmoles NADH and 2 µmoles NADPH.
- source of S9 : PCB-treated male Sprague-Dawley rats
- method of preparation of S9 mix : No data
- concentration or volume of S9 mix and S9 in the final culture medium : No data
- quality controls of S9 (e.g., enzymatic activity, sterility, metabolic capability): No data - Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0, 250, 750, 1500 or 3000 µg/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: No data available
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 2-acetylaminofluorene
- 9-aminoacridine
- 2-nitrofluorene
- sodium azide
- Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 2-acetylaminofluorene
- benzo(a)pyrene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION:
For Salmonella strains:
The assays without S9 were performed by the plate-incorporation method.
The assays with S9 were conducted by the pre-incubation method described by Yahagi et al. (1975). The pre-incubation method is useful in detecting weak mutagenicity in samples (Yahagi et al., 1977).. Histidine-independent colonies were scored after incubation at 37°C for 48-72 h.
For E. coli strains:
The assay was performed in the same manner as with the Salmonella assay except that the supplement of 0.1 µmole histidine plus 0.1 mole biotin in the soft agar was replaced with a supplement of 0.1 µmole of tryptophan. Tryptophan-independent revertant colonies were scored with E. coli.
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 37°C
- Exposure duration: 48-72 h. - Rationale for test conditions:
- No data available
- Evaluation criteria:
- A bacterial cell line was observed for biologically relevant increase in the number of revertants. Revertants per plate represent average values from 3 to 5 replications.
- Statistics:
- No data available
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1537, TA1538
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- True negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- True negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- All test compounds showed killing on bacteria at the highest doses used.
- Remarks on result:
- other: No mutagenic potential
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table: RESULTS OF MUTAGENICITY TEST OF THE TEST CHEMICAL
Chemical |
Dose (µg/plate) |
Revertants/plate (mean±S.D.) |
|||||
Salmonella typhimuriumstrains |
Escherichia coli |
||||||
Without S9 |
|
||||||
DMSO |
50µL |
99±6 |
8±2 |
24±4 |
4±2 |
15±3 |
55±6 |
Positive control |
|
769±54 |
266±34 |
660±30 |
822±88 |
301±33 |
452±68 |
Test chemical |
250 |
98±5 |
10±4 |
28±1 |
3±1 |
9±1 |
50±9 |
750 |
81±6 |
5±1 |
24±1 |
3±1 |
10±2 |
57±6 |
|
1500 |
81±13 |
7±1 |
22±8 |
5±0 |
14±0 |
46±3 |
|
3000 |
24±13 |
2±1 |
20±8 |
2±2 |
6±1 |
33±6 |
|
With S9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DMSO |
50µL |
106±9 |
10±3 |
32±4 |
7±2 |
21±4 |
59±5 |
Positive control |
|
431±92 |
158±45 |
180±7 |
125±37 |
154±17 |
753±95 |
Test chemical |
250 |
87±1 |
7±2 |
31±3 |
9±2 |
24±8 |
58±6 |
|
750 |
130±3 |
10±1 |
27±3 |
7±2 |
18±4 |
62±3 |
|
1500 |
123±12 |
9±2 |
24±3 |
8±3 |
21±3 |
42±4 |
|
3000 |
72±11 |
12±2 |
21±2 |
4±2 |
11±0 |
39±8 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The test chemical was negative in Ames test carried out using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1537, TA1538 as well in Escherichia coli WP2 uvr A in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation. Hence it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
- Executive summary:
In vitro bacterial reverse gene mutation assay for test chemical was studied using S. typhimurium and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA strains. The mutagenicity assay was conducted as described by Ames et al. with slight modifications. Ames test was performed using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1537 and TA1538 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA strains in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system at dose level of 0, 250, 750, 1500 or 3000 µg/plate. For Salmonella strains, the assays without S9 were performed by the plate-incorporation method and the assays with S9 were conducted by the pre-incubation method described by Yahagi et al. (1975). The pre-incubation method is useful in detecting weak mutagenicity in samples (Yahagi et al., 1977). Histidine-independent colonies were scored after incubation at 37°C for 48-72 h. For E. coli strains, the assay was performed in the same manner as with the Salmonella assay except that the supplement of 0.1 µmole histidine plus 0.1 mole biotin in the soft agar was replaced with a supplement of 0.1 µmole of tryptophan. Tryptophan-independent revertant colonies were scored with E. coli. No mutagenicity was noted at the tested dose levels. Based on the observations made, the test chemical was negative in Ames test carried out using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1537, TA1538 as well in Escherichia coli WP2 uvr A in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation. Hence it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
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