Poly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-[[3-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-1-oxo-2-butenyl]oxy]-, ether with 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (3:1)

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

The subacute oral NOAEL (=NOEL) was determined with 300 mg/kg bw and day for male and female rats in this study based on local effects to the gastro-intestinal tract, and slight systemic effects in liver, thymus and lymph nodes seen at 1000 mg/kg bw.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

polyethylene glycol

Remarks:

PEG 400

Details on oral exposure:

The administration volume was 5 ml/kg body weight. The formulations were prepared as needed taking into account the analytically determined stability. For the preparation of the formulations the content of test item of 100% was taken for calculation.
The test item was administered as a solution in the vehicle. The formulations were stored at room temperature.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

yes

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

Before the start of treatment the stability of the formulations was analytically confirmed. For these analyses dosage forms were prepared in the same way as done in the study.
- Stability: The dosage forms prepared for analysis were analyzed shortly after preparation (2 hours) and 8 days thereafter. The analysis revealed that the test item was stable over this period within the defined limits.
- Content checks: For this purpose the test substance concentrations in formulations (including controls) given to the animals were determined two times during the study.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

29 days

Frequency of treatment:

once daily

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
100, 300, 1000 mg/kg bw
Basis:
actual ingested

No. of animals per sex per dose:

five

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale:

In a two-week pilot study 3 animals per sex and dose received 0, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg test substance. In-life data, necropsy, organ weight measurements and histopathology (stomach only) did not show any treatment-related changes up to 300 mg/kg. One female treated with 1000 mg/kg showed body weight reduction and macroscopical changes such as changed consistency of the cecum and dodenum and discolored lungs. These changes were suspected to be test substance-related. Histopathology done in the stomach of control and high dose animals revealed no test substance-related changes. 1000 mg/kg bw was considered to be the MTD in longer studies.
Dose selection was decided with 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg bw and day for the main study.

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes (incl. Open Field Observations (OFO))
- Time schedule: once before start and once weekly thereafter

BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: daily

FOOD CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly

WATER CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly

HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: once, day 28
- How many animals: all dose groups incl. controls

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: once, day 28
- How many animals: all dose groups incl. controls

NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: Yes
- Battery of functions tested: Functional Observational Battery (FOB); Motor Activity (MA)
- Time schedule for examinations: FOB: once, day 26-27; MA: once, day 21-22
- Dose groups that were examined: all dose groups incl. controls

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes (all dose groups and controls)

ORGAN Weights:
Adrenals, brain, epididymides, heart, kidneys, Liver, Ovaries, Spleen, Testes, Thymus, uterus, prostate, seminal vesicle with coagulation glands

Fixed organs:
Adrenals, aorta, brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, ponslmedulla), epididymides, esophagus, eyes, eyelids, extraorbital lachrymal glands, femur, harderian glands, head (with nasal and paranasal cavities), heart, intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum and remaining intestine), kidneys, larynx, liver, lymph nodes (mandibular, bronchial/hilus, and mesenteric), lung, mamma, optical nerves, ovaries, oviducts, pancreas, pharynx, pituitary, prostate, salivary glands, sciatic nerve, seminal vesicles (incl. coagulating glands), skeletal muscle (thigh), skin (mammary and muzzle), spinal cord (cervical, thoracic, lumbar), spleen, sternum, stomach (forestomach and glandular stomach), testes, thymus, thyroids (including parathyroid glands), tongue, trachea, ureter, urethra, urinary bladder, uterus with uterine cervix, vagina, Zymbal’s glands and all organs or tissues with macroscopic findings.

HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (high dose group and controls)
- Microscopic: Adrenals, aorta, brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem), epididymides, eyes, femur, heart, intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum and remaining intestine), kidneys, lung, ovaries, oviducts, prostate, sciatic nerve, skeletal muscle (thigh), spinal cord (cervical, thoracic, lumbar), sternum with bone marrow, testes, seminal vesicles (incl. coagulating glands), stomach, trachea and thyroids glands, urinary bladder, uterus with uterine cervix, vagina and all organs or tissues with macroscopic findings.

HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (all dose groups and controls)
-Microscopic: liver, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus

Statistics:

Statistical tests on body weights and weight gain as well as on absolute organ weights were done using the Dunnett Exact Homogeneous Test. For relative organ weights the Dunnett Exact Homogeneous Test after log. Transformation was used.
If primary food and water intake data were recorded, the calculated food/water intake per animal was evaluated using adjusted Mann-Whitney U-test.
The Dunnett Exact Homogeneous or Heterogeneous Test, the Dunnett Exact Homogeneous Test after log. Transformation or the Bonferroni/Mann-Whitney U-test was used for clinical pathology parameters.
Descriptive statistics were provided per sex, dose group and time point for all parameters that were recorded with a specified unit. These included measures of general tendency (mean, median) and general variability (standard deviation, minimum, maximum) as appropriate.
For continuous variables, the statistical test procedure was based on prior knowledge of the respective variable derived from previous studies. For normally distributed variables with equal variances across treatment groups Dunnett’s tests were performed.

Heteroscedastic normally distributed variables were analysed using appropriately adjusted Dunnett’s tests, using Satterthwaite adjustments for the degrees of freedom and taking the different variances within the groups into account. For log-normally distributed variables, Dunnett's tests were performed after log-transformation of the original values.

If experience with historical data indicated that the assumptions for parametric analyses are violated, Bonferroni-adjusted Mann-Whitney U-tests were employed in the analyses. For small sample sizes, the exact version of this test was used.

With respect to data collected in the functional observational battery categorical variables were analyzed with a repeated measures analysis of variance followed by a one-way analysis of variance using the SAS procedure PROC CATMOD.

Clinical signs:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

one 1000 mg/kg bw male was sacrificed in moribund state showing clinical symptoms of poor general condition; all other animals did not show clinical signs

Mortality:

mortality observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence):

one 1000 mg/kg bw male was sacrificed in moribund state showing clinical symptoms of poor general condition; all other animals did not show clinical signs

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

no effects observed

Food efficiency:

not examined

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

no effects observed

Ophthalmological findings:

not examined

Haematological findings:

no effects observed

Clinical biochemistry findings:

no effects observed

Urinalysis findings:

not examined

Behaviour (functional findings):

no effects observed

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

no effects observed

Gross pathological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

no effects observed

Details on results:

CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY:

One 1000 mg/kg bw male was sacrificed in moribund state showing clinical symptoms of poor general condition; all other animals did not show clinical signs

GROSS PATHOLOGY:

Gross pathology revealed no relevant changes up to 300 mg/kg bw. At 1000 mg/kg the followiing changes were found:
Two males (including the unscheduled death) demonstrated dilatation, change in contents, change in consistency, and gas-filled intestinal tract. In addition, an increase in mucous cells and focal inflammation in the glandular stomach were evident in some males and females.

HISTOPATHOLOGY:

Hypertrophy (only males) and so called cobble-stone pattern (both sexes) of liver cells were found.
Two males revealed slight lymphocyte necrosis in the thymic cortex and the paracortex of the mesenteric lymph node (minimal).
In one male follicular cell hypertrophy of the thyroid gland was noticed. As the change was an isolated finding scored as minimal and in this male T3, T4 and TSH plasma levels were not remarkably changed a toxicological relevance is no assumed.

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

300 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: effects on the gastro-intestinal tract, liver, thymus and lymph nodes at 1000 mg/kg bw and day; NOAEL = NOEL

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Executive summary:

In a repeated dose oral toxicity study following OECD TG 407 the test substance was administered to 5 Wistar rats per sex at daily doses of 0, 100, 300, 1000 mg/kg bw for 4 weeks. Survival and clinical appearance were not affected up to 300 mg/kg in males and up to 1000 mg/kg in females. One 1000 mg/kg bw male was sacrificed in moribund state showing clinical symptoms of poor general condition, with gas-filled and dilated gastro-intestinal tract. Body weight development, food and water intakes, functional observations and motor activity measurements as well as hematology, clinical chemistry and organ weights revealed no toxicologically relevant changes up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw.

At 1000 mg/kg two males (including the unscheduled death) demonstrated dilatation, change in contents, change in consistency, and gas-filled gastro-intestinal tract. In addition, an increase in mucous cells and focal inflammation in the glandular stomach became evident in some males and females. Hypertrophy (only males) and so called cobble-stone pattern (both sexes) of liver cells were found. Two males revealed slight lymphocyte necrosis in the thymic cortex and the paracortex of the mesenteric lymph node (minimal).

The NOAEL (NOEL) was determined with 300 mg/kg bw and day for male and female rats in this study based on effects on the gastro-intestinal tract, liver, thymus and lymph nodes seen at 1000 mg/kg bw.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

300 mg/kg bw/day

Study duration:

subacute

Species:

rat

Quality of whole database:

The key study is GLP compliant and of high quality (Klimisch score 1)

Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - local effects

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - systemic effects

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - local effects

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

In a repeated dose oral toxicity study following OECD TG 407 the test substance (CAS-No. 646505-36-4) was administered to 5 Wistar rats per sex at daily doses of 0, 100, 300, 1000 mg/kg bw for 4 weeks. Survival and clinical appearance were not affected up to 300 mg/kg in males and up to 1000 mg/kg in females. One 1000 mg/kg bw male was sacrificed in moribund state showing clinical symptoms of poor general condition, with gas-filled and dilated gastro-intestinal tract. Body weight development, food and water intakes, functional observations and motor activity measurements as well as hematology, clinical chemistry and organ weights revealed no toxicologically relevant changes up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw.

At 1000 mg/kg two males (including the unscheduled death) demonstrated dilatation, change in contents, change in consistency, and gas-filled gastro-intestinal tract. In addition, an increase in mucous cells and focal inflammation in the glandular stomach became evident in some males and females. Such local effects indicate irritating properties of the substance in the gastro-intestinal tract. Hypertrophy (only males) and so called cobble-stone pattern (both sexes) of liver cells were found. Two males revealed slight lymphocyte necrosis in the thymic cortex and the paracortex of the mesenteric lymph node (minimal).

The NOAEL (NOEL) was determined with 300 mg/kg bw and day for male and female rats in this study based on local effects to the gastro-intestinal tract, and slight systemic effects in liver, thymus and lymph nodes seen at 1000 mg/kg bw.

In a developmental toxicity study (OECD TG 414) in rats performed with Desmorapid 01 one pregnant female in each of the groups treated from days 6 to 20 of gestation with 300 mg/kg bw and 1000 mg/kg bw, respectively, showed a distended gastro-intestinal tract filled with gas at sacrifice. In the female of the 1000 mg/kg bw group red/brown foci were observed in the stomach. No macroscopic findings were reported for the 300 mg/kg bw animal. Together with the clinical signs of the affected and two further animals of the 1000 mg/kg bw group as ill health, hunched posture and reduced body weight gain and the observations made in the 28 day study, local irritating effects in the gastro-intestinal tract can be assumed induced by the strong mucosal membrane irritant Desmorapid 01.

Justification for selection of repeated dose toxicity via oral route - systemic effects endpoint:
most relevant study for this endpoint

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the study results (see "Discussion") a classification is not warranted.