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Physical & Chemical properties

Surface tension

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Reference
Endpoint:
surface tension
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
22 November 2011
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method A.5 (Surface Tension)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 115 (Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Type of method:
ring method
Surface tension:
34.6 mN/m
Temp.:
20 °C
Conc.:
1 008 mg/L
Remarks on result:
other: As the surface tension value was lower than 60 mN/m, the test material is classed as surface active.

- Results:

In order to describe the time dependence of the surface tension after transferring the solution to the measurement vessel, repeated measurements were carried out with increasing the equilibrium time. A constant surface tension was reached after about 240 sec (see Table 1).

The surface tension of the test material as an aqueous solution read on the instrument was 36.3 mN/m at 20 °C using the ring method representing the mean of five separate measurements. The equilibrium time for these five measurements was 240 sec. The details are shown in Table 2.

The measured surface tension was multiplied by φa and then corrected according to Harkins and Jordan (see Table 3) by 1.9 mN/m, resulting in a corrected surface tension of 34.6 mN/m.

As the surface tension value was lower than 60 mN/m, the test material is classed as surface active.

Table 1: Time Dependence of the Surface Tension After Transferring the Solution to the Measurement Vessel

Surface Tension (mN/m)

Equilibrium time (sec)

36.8

120

36.2

180

36.2

240

Equilibrium time = time after transferring the solution to the vessel until measuring the surface tension of the solution

 

Table 2: Measured Surface Tension Values and Equilibrium Times

Surface Tension (mN/m)

Equilibrium time (sec)

36.2

240

36.4

240

36.5

240

36.3

240

36.3

240

Equilibrium time = time after transferring the solution to the vessel until measuring the surface tension of the solution

 

Table 3: Correction of the Measured Surface Tension

Surface Tension (mN/m)

Equilibrium time (sec)

20

18.1

22

20.1

24

22.1

26

24.1

28

26.1

30

28.1

32

30.1

34

32.1

36

34.1

38

36.1

40

38.2

42

40.3

44

42.3

46

44.4

48

46.5

50

48.6

52

50.7

54

52.8

56

54.9

58

57.0

60

59.1

62

61.3

64

63.4

66

65.5

68

67.7

70

69.9

72

72.0

The measured value was extrapolated according to this table.

Conclusions:
Under the conditions of the test, the surface tension of the test material was determined to be 34.6 mN/m at 20 °C, using the ring method.
Executive summary:

The surface tension of the test material was determined using the ring method in a study performed under GLP conditions and in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 115 and EU Method A.5.

The test material was dissolved in ultrapure water and thoroughly mixed at a constant temperature (20 ± 1°C), yielding a concentration of 1008 mg/L. The solution was transferred to the measurement vessel. The measurement vessel was placed on the sample table. The sample was raised until the ring was immersed below the surface of the liquid. Then the table was gradually and evenly lowered at a rate of approximately 0.5 cm/min while the force was increased until the maximum force was reached.

In order to describe the time dependence of the surface tension after transferring the solution to the measurement vessel, repeated measurements were carried out with increasing the equilibrium time. A constant surface tension was reached after about 240 sec.

The mean surface tension of test material in aqueous solution was determined to be 36.3 mN/m at 20 °C. The equilibrium time for these five measurements was 240 sec. The measured surface tension was multiplied by φa and then corrected according to Harkins and Jordan by 1.9 mN/m, resulting in a corrected surface tension of 34.6 mN/m. Since the surface tension was lower than 60 mN/m, the test material is classed as surface active.

Description of key information

Surface tension 34.6 mN/m at 20 °C, OECD 115, EU Method A.5, Sárvári (2012d).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Surface tension:
34.6
in mN/m at 20°C and concentration in mg/L:
1 008

Additional information

In the key study (Sárvári, 2012d) the surface tension of the test material was determined using the ring method in a study performed under GLP condition and in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 115 and EU Method A.5.

The test material was dissolved in ultrapure water and thoroughly mixed at a constant temperature (20 ± 1°C), yielding a concentration of 1008 mg/L. The solution was transferred to the measurement vessel. The measurement vessel was placed on the sample table. The sample was raised until the ring was immersed below the surface of the liquid. Then the table was gradually and evenly lowered at a rate of approximately 0.5 cm/min while the force was increased until the maximum force was reached.

In order to describe the time dependence of the surface tension after transferring the solution to the measurement vessel, repeated measurements were carried out with increasing the equilibrium time. A constant surface tension was reached after about 240 sec.

The mean surface tension of test material in aqueous solution was determined to be 36.3 mN/m at 20 °C. The equilibrium time for these five measurements was 240 sec. The measured surface tension was multiplied by φa and then corrected according to Harkins and Jordan by 1.9 mN/m, resulting in a corrected surface tension of 34.6 mN/m.

Since the surface tension was lower than 60 mN/m, the test material is classed as surface active.