A mixture of: esters of C14-C15 branched alcohols with 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid; C15 branched and linear alkyl 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxybenzenepropanoate; C13 branched and linear alkyl 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxybenzenepropanoate

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

20 January 1997 - 21 April 1997

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

TEST ARTICLE FORMULATES
Weighed amounts of the test article ANOX BF, not soluble in water, were mixed with a small amount of dry soil and subsequently added to the rest of the soil. The soil was mixed with the Cutter VB large laboratory mixer for about 1 minute.

Soil
the soil was sieved (0.5 cm) to remove coarse fragments. Carbon content did not exceed 1.5% (3% organic matter). Fine particles (under 20 mcm) will be made up to between 10 and 20%.
The pH was 7.

Testing facility and growth conditions: the test was conducted in a growth chamber having the following conditions: photoperiod 16/8 hours Iight/dark, constant temperature of 24 ˚C. Plants were watered every day by supplying 5-10 ml of water to each pot.

Species:

Avena sativa

Plant group:

other: Oat

Details on test organisms:

Justification for the selection of the test system: three species were chosen since they represent important agricultural crops in terms of family size, distribution and abundance.
Number of seeds: 40 seeds of Cress, Chinese Cabbage and Oat for each concentration, subdivided into 4 replicates.
Size of seeds: the seeds were of the same size class.

Supplier:
Fratelli Ingegnoli - Corso Buenos Aires - 20124 Milano

Species:

Lepidum sativum

Plant group:

other: Cress

Species:

Brassica campestris var. chinensis

Plant group:

other: Chinese cabbage

Test type:

seedling emergence and seedling growth test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

natural soil

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

14 d

Test temperature:

Not specified

pH:

pH 7

Moisture:

Not specified

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations 0.0 (control), 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 mg/kg

Key result

Species:

Brassica campestris var. chinensis

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Key result

Species:

Brassica campestris var. chinensis

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Key result

Species:

Brassica campestris var. chinensis

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Key result

Species:

Lepidum sativum

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Key result

Species:

Lepidum sativum

Duration:

1 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

10 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Key result

Species:

Lepidum sativum

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Key result

Species:

Lepidum sativum

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Key result

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Key result

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

1 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Key result

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

100 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Key result

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: mg/kg

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Details on results:

EMERGENCE
The number of seedlings emerging from the soil surface was counted and recorded from the day when the first seedling appeared until the day when no more seedlings appeared.

Cabbage
The results examined with Dunnett's procedure showed that only at day 1 all the ANOX BF rates applied significantly affected the number of seedlings which emerged. The period of germination lasted until day 13 for the group treated at 1 mg/kg, until day 9 for the group treated at 10 mg/kg and until day 12 for the group treated at 100 mg/kg and the control groups.

Cress
In the group treated at 100 mg/kg of ANOX BF the number of emerging seedlings was found to be significantly lower than that of the control on day 1 of emergence. Starting from day 2, the gap between this group and the control group was bridged.
The period of germination lasted 5 days for the control group, 6 days for the solvent control group and 7 days for the three treated groups.

Oat
The germination of fewer seedlings in the groups treated at 10 and 100 mg/kg resulted statistically significative on some days of the germination period: at days 2 and 4 for the group treated at 100 mg/kg; at days 4,5,10,11,12 and 13 for the group treated at 10 mg/kg. The period of gemination lasted 13 days for all the groups.

DRY WEIGHT
The growth of Cabbage was not affected by any of the ANOX BF rates applied.
The concentrations of 10 and 100 mg/kg of the test article significantly affected the growth of Cress and Oat.

EC50 AND LC50 AND ITS STATISTICAL LIMITS
The EC50 and LC50 were not calculable for no plant species.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The test article ANOX BF at 10 at the 100 mg/kg rates affected significatively the growth of Cress and Oat.
The ECS0 could not be calculated for any plant species.

Executive summary:

Experimental data on the growth of terrestrial plants Cabbage, Cress and Oat treated with the test article ANOX BF at the nominal concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg.

Seeds of each species were sown in treated soil. Their germination was observed until 50% of the seeds of the control group had germinated, then their growth was monitored for 14 days.

The results showed that the all test article rates applied decreased the number of emerging Cabbage seedlings only on day 1, the number of emerging Cress seedlings only on day 1 at the 100 mglkg rate. The rates at 10 and 100 mgfkg affected the emergence of Oat seedlings on few days during the study period.
The LC50 was not calculable for any plant species.
The test article ANOX BF at 10 at the 100 mgkg rates affected significatively the growth of Cress and Oat.
The EC50 could not be calculated for any plant species.

Description of key information

Experimental data on the growth of terrestrial plants Cabbage, Cress and Oat treated with the test article ANOX BF at the nominal concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg.

Seeds of each species were sown in treated soil. Their germination was observed until 50% of the seeds of the control group had germinated, then their growth was monitored for 14 days.

The results showed that the all test article rates applied decreased the number of emerging Cabbage seedlings only on day 1, the number of emerging Cress seedlings only on day 1 at the 100 mg/kg rate. The rates at 10 and 100 mg/kg affected the emergence of Oat seedlings on few days during the study period.
The LC50 was not calculable for any plant species.
The test article ANOX BF at 10 at the 100 mgkg rates affected significatively the growth of Cress and Oat.
The EC50 could not be calculated for any plant species.