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Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

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Reference
Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term (with study design considered suitable for long-term assessment)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
12-04-2001 to 16-07-2001
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Level 1 of German Chemical Substances Act
Deviations:
not specified
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
For the exposed groups, the base substrate was admixed with the test substance and quartz sand, so that the desired test concentrations were established.
Species:
Triticum aestivum
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Species:
Lepidum sativum
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Species:
Sinapis alba
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Test type:
early seedling growth toxicity test
Study type:
laboratory study
Substrate type:
natural soil
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
14 d
Test temperature:
Day: 22-25°C
Night: minimum 18°C
pH:
6.6-6.8
Moisture:
Day: 37-72%
Night: maximum 73%
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (type, material, size): black plastic flower pot
- No. of seedlings per container: five
- No. of replicates per treatment group: five
- No. of replicates per control: five

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Soil type: sandy loam
- Organic carbon (%): 1.18
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): 39

GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h day: 6 h night: 1 h dawn/1 h dusk
- Light intensity and quality: 54-67 Watt/m2 (approx. 15000-17000 Lux)
- Day/night temperatures: day-22-25°C/night-minimum 18°C
- Relative humidity (%): day-37-72%/night-maximum 73%
- Air flow: 2000 L/h

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :

% germination and growth in terms of weight of plant


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: two
Nominal and measured concentrations:
0, 60, 120, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dw soil
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Key result
Species:
Lepidum sativum
Duration:
14 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
500 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
seedling emergence
Key result
Species:
Lepidum sativum
Duration:
14 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
seedling emergence
Key result
Species:
Triticum aestivum
Duration:
16 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Key result
Species:
Triticum aestivum
Duration:
16 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Key result
Species:
Sinapis alba
Duration:
14 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
500 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Key result
Species:
Sinapis alba
Duration:
14 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions, the NOECs of the test substance for seedling emergence and plant growth inhibition were determined to be as follows:
for cress (Lepidum sativum)-500 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence;
for wheat (Triticum aestivum)-1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition; and
for mustard (Sinapis alba)-500 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition.

In addition, the EC50 values were determined to be as following:
- for cress (Lepidum sativum) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence;
- for wheat (Triticum aestivum) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition; and
- for mustard (Sinapis alba) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition
Executive summary:

A study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the test substance to terrestrial plants according to OECD Guideline 208 and German Chemical Substances Act, in compliance with GLP. The test was carried out indoors under environmentally controlled conditions. The test plants were arranged underneath a polymer hood which sits in a rimmed polymer trough. The seeds of three plant species (cress, wheat and mustard) were planted in natural sandy loam soil in black flower pots and exposed to test substance concentrations of 0, 60, 120, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dw soil for approximately 14 d. Seedling emergence and inhibition of growth were observed compared to the control.

Under the test conditions, the NOECs of the test substance for seedling emergence and plant growth inhibition were determined to be as follows:

- for cress (Lepidum sativum)-500 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence,

- for wheat (Triticum aestivum)-1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition,

- for mustard (Sinapis alba)-500 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition (Enste-Diefenbach, 2001).

In addition, the EC50 values were determined to be as follows:

- for cress (Lepidum sativum) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence;

- for wheat (Triticum aestivum) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition; and

- for mustard (Sinapis alba) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition

Description of key information

The NOECs of the test substance for seedling emergence and plant growth inhibition were determined to be as follows:

- for cress (Lepidum sativum) - 500 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence;

- for wheat (Triticum aestivum) - 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition; and

- for mustard (Sinapis alba) - 500 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition

Therefore, 500 mg/kg soil dw is considered the lowest NOEC value.

In addition, the EC50 values were determined to be as following:

- for cress (Lepidum sativum) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence;

- for wheat (Triticum aestivum) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition; and

- for mustard (Sinapis alba) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:
500 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

A study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the test substance to terrestrial plants according to OECD Guideline 208 and German Chemical Substances Act, in compliance with GLP. The test was carried out indoors under environmentally controlled conditions. The test plants were arranged underneath a polymer hood which sits in a rimmed polymer trough. The seeds of three plant species (cress, wheat and mustard) were planted in natural sandy loam soil in black flower pots and exposed to test substance concentrations of 0, 60, 120, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dw soil for approximately 14 d. Seedling emergence and inhibition of growth were observed compared to the control. Under the test conditions, the NOECs of the test substance for seedling emergence and plant growth inhibition were determined to be as follows:

- for cress (Lepidum sativum) - 500 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence;

- for wheat (Triticum aestivum) - 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition; and

- for mustard (Sinapis alba) - 500 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition (Enste-Diefenbach, 2001).

Therefore, 500 mg/kg soil dw is considered the lowest NOEC value.

In addition, the EC50 values were determined to be as follows:

- for cress (Lepidum sativum) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on seedling emergence;

- for wheat (Triticum aestivum) - EC50> 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition; and

- for mustard (Sinapis alba) - EC50 > 1000 mg/kg dw based on growth inhibition