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EC number: 401-450-4 | CAS number: 95154-01-1 (2-BENZOTHIAZOLYLTHIO)BERNSTEINSÄURE; BTTBS; HALOX 650; IRGACOR 252
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 25.03.1985 until 10.05.1985; study report 12.06.1985
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 985
- Report date:
- 1985
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Version / remarks:
- The test was carried out according to the maximization test of Magnusson and Kligman (J, invest. Dermatol, 52, 268-276, 1969), recommended in the OECD guidelines 1981 and in the EEC directive 79/831.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Test procedure
Induction, intradermal application:
Two intradermal injections (0,1 ml per injection) were made into the neck of the guinea pigs with a mixture of adjuvant and saline, with the test compound
in sesame oil and with the test compound in the adjuvant saline mixture. Induction, epidermal application: One week later the tet item was incorporated in vaseline and applied on a filterpaper patch to the neck of the animals (occlusive administration for 48 hours),
Challenge:
Two weeks after the epidermal induction application the animals were tested on the flank with 10% of the test compound in vaseline and the vehicle alone (24 h occlusive application) , Twenty four hours after removing the dressings the challenge reactions were graded according the Draize scoring scale. The application sites were chemically depilated 3 hours before examination (Veet, ~5 minutes). A second evaluation is made 48 hours after removing the dressings.
The concentrations of the test compound for induction and challenge periods were determined on separate animals. A control group was treated with adjuvant and the vehicle during the induction period. During the challenge period the group was treated with the vehicle as well as with the test compound to control the maximal subirritant concentration of the test compound in adjuvant treated animals. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- The study was conducted in 1985 before a guideline decribing the LLNA came into force.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- (benzothiazol-2-ylthio)succinic acid
- EC Number:
- 401-450-4
- EC Name:
- (benzothiazol-2-ylthio)succinic acid
- Cas Number:
- 95154-01-1
- Molecular formula:
- C11H9NO4S2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)butanedioic acid
- Test material form:
- solid
- Details on test material:
- (benzothiazol-2-ylthio)succinic acid, Batch: Z 334
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- other: Pirbright White strain (Tif:DHP)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- The guinea pig is the animal of choice for sensitization studies.
Animal strain: Guinea pigs of the Pirbright White strain (Tif:DHP), bred on our premises were used.
- Animals received: 18.03.1985
- Source: bred on own premises
- Age at study initiation: ~10 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 291 and 420 g (It was impossible to select all animals within the weight range proposed in the protocol from the animals received for the test series)
- Housing: housed individually in Macrolon cages (type 3)
Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum standard guinea pigs pellets - NAFAG No, 846, Gossau SG - , supplemented with fresh carrots
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum fresh water
- Acclimation period: 7 days
- Indication of any skin lesions: not specified
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21 +/- 2
- Humidity (%): 50 +/- 10
- Air changes (per hr): not specified
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Induction
- Route:
- intradermal and epicutaneous
- Vehicle:
- other: sesame oil
- Concentration / amount:
- 1% for intradermal application in sesame oil and saline adjuvant mixture
30% for epidermal application (Induction) in vaseline ~ 0 . 4 g per patch - Day(s)/duration:
- Induction, intradermal application: - Induction, epidermal application: after one week for 48 hours (occlusive)
- Adequacy of induction:
- not specified
Challengeopen allclose all
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: vaseline
- Concentration / amount:
- 10% for epidermal application in vaseline ~ 0 , 2 g per patch
- Day(s)/duration:
- After 20-22 days; two weeks after epidermal induction for 24 hours
- Adequacy of challenge:
- not specified
- No.:
- #2
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: vaseline
- Concentration / amount:
- 10% for epidermal application in vaseline ~ 0 , 2 g per patch
- Day(s)/duration:
- 48 hours after removing the dressing of the first challenge
- Adequacy of challenge:
- not specified
- No. of animals per dose:
- Control group:
vehicle application 20
test item application 10
Test group:
vehicle application 20
test item application 20 - Details on study design:
- Test procedure:
Induction, intradermal application:
Two intradermal injections (0,1 ml per injection) were made into the neck of the guinea pigs with a mixture of adjuvant and saline, with the test compound in sesame oil and with the test compound in the adjuvant saline mixture.
Induction, epidermal application: One week later the test compound was incorporated in vaseline and applied on a filterpaper patch to the neck of the animals (occlusive administration for 48 hours),
Challenge:
Two weeks after the epidermal induction application the animals were tested on the flank with 10% test compound in vaseline and the vehicle alone (24 h occlusive application), Twenty four hours after removing the dressings the challenge reactions were graded according the Draize scoring scale, The application sites were chemically depilated 3 hours before examination (Veet ^,'^^ 5 minutes), A second evaluation is made 4 8 hours after removing the dressings.
The concentrations of the test compound for induction and challenge periods were determined on separate animals.
A control group was treated with adjuvant and the vehicle during the induction period. During the challenge period the group was treated with the vehicle as well as with the test compound to control the maximal subirritant concentration of the test compound in adjuvant treated animals. - Challenge controls:
- control group treated with test item in challenge phase
Test group treated just with vehicle in challenge phase - Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- The sensitivity of the strain is controlled every six month with p - phenylenediamine.
Results and discussion
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle application
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 10 % test compound
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle application
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 10% test comound
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 10% test compound
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 10% test compound
- No. with + reactions:
- 3
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle application
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle application
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- other: 2nd challenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle application
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- other: 2nd challenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle application
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- other: 2nd challenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 10% test compound
- No. with + reactions:
- 9
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- other: 2nd challenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 10% test compound
- No. with + reactions:
- 6
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- other: no positive control tested in this study
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- no positive control tested in this study
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- not measured/tested
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Up to 45% of the guinea pigs exhibited positive responses by the test compound 24 hours after the second challenge which previously have been treated with 1% of the test compound intradermaly and 30% epidermaly during the induction phase.
Therefore, the substance is regarded to have the potential to provoke skin sensitization. - Executive summary:
Male and female guinea pigs were exposed to the test compound (benzothiazol-2-ylthio)succinic acid.
The animals were treated with 1% test compound in vehicle by intradermal application and after one week with 30% test compound in vaseline by epicutaneous application in the induction phase. Thereafter, two challenge treatments were conducted by epicutaneous application, occlusive with 10% test compound for 24 hours.
The animals from the control groups that have been induced with the test compound but challenged with the vehicle as well as the animals that were induced just with the vehicle but challenged with the test compound showed no responses after the challenge.
In the groups induced and challenged with the test compound, up to 25% of the animals were sensitized after the first challenge and up to 45% of the animals were sensitized after the second challenge. After the first epicutaneous challenge with 10% test compound 5 out of 20 animals showed positive responses after 24 hours and 3 out of 20 animals after 48 hours. After the second challenge 9 out of 20 animals showed a positive response after 24 hours and 6 out of 20 animals after 48 hours.
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