Reaction mass of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

no data

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Acceptable, well-documented study report which meets basic scientific principles

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ASTM-Proposed standard practice for conducting static renewal life cycle toxicity tests with daphnid, Daphnia magna (1979)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 10.6, 20.7, 41.6, 71.7, 94.4 and 137.0 mg/L
- Sampling method: concentrations were measured before and after new solutions were added, and the mean of the before and after measurements represented the concentration for a particular time interval
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: no data

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

no data

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain/clone: no data
- Source: brood stock from the Environmental Research Laboratory
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): no data
- Feeding during test
- Food type: mixture of finely ground trout chow and baker's yeast
- Amount: 20mg/L
- Frequency: not available


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): yes
- Type and amount of food: mixture of finely ground trout chow and baker's yeast
- Feeding frequency: no data

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

28 d

Remarks on exposure duration:

periodically water renewal

Post exposure observation period:

no data

Hardness:

44.0 mg/L (as CaCO3)

Test temperature:

Temperature Range: 20 °C +/- 1 °C

pH:

7.1 - 7.5

Dissolved oxygen:

fresh solution: about 97.3 % saturation
old solution: about 73.8 % saturation

Salinity:

41.5 +/- 0.7 mg/L (as CaCO3)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

measured concentrations: 10.6, 20.7, 41.6, 71.7, 94.4, 137 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 200 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type: tightly stoppered with foil wrapped neoprene stoppers
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 150-160 mL
- Aeration: no
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): periodically, no data
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: dechlorinated city water from Superior, WI, USA
no further data are available


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light / 8 h dark


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : reproductive success and length of animals surviving exposure time.


VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

11 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

21 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

41.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

morphology

Details on results:

Mean number of neonates produced by adult in the control was 164 individuals (SD: 45).
Mean length of adults in the control was 3.9 mm (SD: 0.3)

Results with reference substance (positive control):

no data available

Reported statistics and error estimates:

results were analysed by one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett's procedure (p=0.05).

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on the mean adult length and number of neonates per adult per reproduction day, the overall 28-day NOEC was determined to be 10.7 mg/L based on measured concentration.

Executive summary:

The effects of 1,2 Dichloroethane on the growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna were assessed in an unaerated, static, 28-day test. Based on the mean adult length and number of neonates per adult per reproduction day, the overall 28-day NOEC was determined to be 10.7 mg/L based on measured concentration.

Description of key information

ASTM (1979) on DCE (Call, 1983):

NOEC (28d)= 10.7 mg/L

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

10.7 mg/L

Additional information

No experimental study was conducted on the multiconstituent substance (Flux1). Instead, a constituent-based, Weight-of-Evidence approach, was performed.

The three major constituents were targeted, representing ca 95% of a typical composition (carbon tetrachloride (CAS n° 56-23-5),1,2-Dichloroethane (CAS n°107 -06 -2) and chloroform (CAS n° 67-66 -3)). Numerous published data were available, and a single consensus value was selected for each, from a reliable source.

No average key value was derived for the multiconstituent substance: as the Risk Assessment is conducted per constituent, individual values are the key data.

The effects of 1,2 Dichloroethane on the growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna were assessed in an unaerated, static, 28 -day test (Call 1983). Based on the mean adult length and number of neonates per adult per reproduction day, the overall 28-day NOEC was determined to be 10.7 mg/L based on measured concentrations.