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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

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Administrative data

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference
Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
30th March 2018 to 15th October 2018
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
40 mL of test sample from each replicate were withdrawn and mixed for each group. Collected samples were centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes to remove algal cells. The representative samples were divided into two equal portions. One portion was sent for test concentration analysis at 0 h and the second portion was stored at -20 ± 5 ºC.
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- A quantity of 250 mg of test item was weighed, and made up to 2500 mL with algal medium in glass bottles (stock A) and retained for continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer (at 630 rpm) for approximately 24 h at room temperature. After stirring, test solutions were kept for re-equilibrium for approximately 24 h. After phase separation, test solutions were collected from the lower portion using an “L” shaped glass tube without disturbing the phases. A volume of 1500 mL was collected from the lower to middle portion by pipette and used for treatment. Prior to adding test solution to vessels, test vessels were pre-conditioned with the respective test concentration to saturate the surface of the respective vessel to prevent loss of test concentration due to absorption into the vessel walls. Volumes of 199.5 mL from the stock A and 0.5 mL algal culture were taken and mixed into sterile conical flasks of 250 mL capacity to obtain the loading rate of 100.0 mg test item/L.
Test organisms (species):
Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: ATCC 22662
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): American Type Culture Collection, 10801, University of Boulevard, Manassas, Virginia, 20110-2209, USA; Subculture Maintained at : Section - Ecotoxicology, Jai Research Foundation, Valvada, Dist. Valsad, Gujarat
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): The pre-culture was prepared two days prior to the commencement of the study

ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
72 h
Hardness:
no data
Test temperature:
21 to 23 °C
pH:
7.75 - 8.09
Dissolved oxygen:
no data
Salinity:
N/A
Nominal and measured concentrations:
nominal: 100 mg/L
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL conical flasks, fill volumen 200 mL
- Aeration: by agitating continuously at 100 ± 2 rpm, using an orbital shaker during the test period
- Initial cells density: 5244 (mean) cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 781250 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6


GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Light intensity and quality: 6673 – 6680 lux (± 15% of the mean value), universal UV- free white fluorescent lamp

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: counting chamber


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.0 (control), 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
The percent inhibition of biomass was 0.37, 0.37, 1.06, 1.33 and 2.02 at loading rates of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L, respectively.
The percent inhibition of growth rate was 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 and 0.15 at loading rates of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/L, respectively.
Based on the results of the preliminary range finding study, the main study was restricted to a limit study. The limit study was conducted with a control and at the loading rate of 100.0 mg/L.
Reference substance (positive control):
yes
Remarks:
Potassium dichromate
Key result
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EL50
Remarks:
WAF
Effect conc.:
>= 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Key result
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EL10
Remarks:
WAF
Effect conc.:
>= 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Details on results:
- Exponential growth in the control: yes
Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- 72 h ErC50 = 1.15 mg/L, 72 h EyC50 = 0.52 mg/L

Test Culture Conditions

The pH and temperature ranged within 7.75 – 8.09 and 21 - 23°C respectively. The mean illumination values ranged from 6673 – 6680 lux. All parameters were within accepted guideline limits.

 

Algal Cell Count

In the control, the cell concentration increased by a factor of 149.0 times over the 72 h exposure period [as per OECD 201 (2006) at least 16 times in control]. The coefficient of variance of average specific growth rate during the whole test period (0-3) in replicate control cultures was 0.60%. The mean coefficient of variation for day 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3 in control cultures was 9.3. Thus the coefficient of variation was within accepted guideline limits.

 

Analysis of Test Concentrations

The stability of C12-13 alkyl methacrylate in test media was performed during method validation (JRF Study N° 228-2-13-19223), C12-13 alkyl methacrylate in test media was stable up to 72 h

(>80% of nominal concentration).

Test media was analysed for C12-13 alkyl methacrylate active ingredient concentration and stability to assess the concentration and stability at 0 and 72 h during the main study. The active

ingredient concentration of C12-13 alkyl methacrylate in test media was within an acceptable limit (>80% of nominal concentration).

 

Growth Inhibition, EL50 Values, NOELR and LOELR

There was no significant alteration in algal growth (biomass), yield and growth rate of the C12-13 alkyl methacrylate exposed group when compared to the control group. C12-13 alkyl methacrylate

does not inhibit the growth of alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) up to the loading rate of 100.0 mg/L. The EL50, NOELR and LOELR value was greater than 100.0 mg/L.

 

Validity Criteria of the Study

The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates during the test period in the replicate control cultures was 0.60%. Thus, the validity criterion was met.

The cell concentration in control cultures increased exponentially by a factor of 149.0 within the test period. Thus, the validity criterion was met.

The mean coefficients of variation for day 0-1, 1-2, and 2-3 in control culture was 9.3%. Thus, the validity criterion was met.

Mean Values of Algal Biomass, Yield, Specific Growth Rate

Loading Rate

(mg/L)

Mean Number of Cells Count/mL at

Specific

Growth

Rate

0 h

24 h

48 h

72 h

Yield

0.0 (Control)

5244

28750

152500

781250

776006

1.67

100

5244

28333

151250

777917

772673

1.67

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
Reaction mass of dodecyl methacrylate and tridecyl methacrylate does not inhibit the growth of alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) up to the loading rate of 100.0 mg/L. The EL50, NOELR and LOELR value were greater than 100.0 mg/L.
Executive summary:

This study was performed to assess the effects on the growth of the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata caused by exposure to Reaction mass of dodecyl methacrylate and tridecyl methacrylate under static conditions according to OECD 201.

In the main (limit) test, exponentially growing cultures of P. subcapitata were exposed using water accommodated fraction at loading rates of 0.0 (Control), and 100.0 mg/L. Algal cultures were assessed for growth by visual cell counts at 24, 48, and 72 h.

The stability of the test item in test media was performed during method validation (JRF Study N° 228-2-13-19223), the test item in test media was stable up to 72 h (>80% of nominal concentration). Test media was analysed for active ingredient concentration and stability to assess the concentration and stability of test solution at 0 and 72 h during the main study. The active ingredient concentration of the test item in test media was within an acceptable limit (>80% of nominal concentration).

In the test item exposed group, no significant inhibitory effect was observed in algal growth (biomass), yield and growth rate compared to control group. The test item does not inhibit the growth of alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) up to the loading rate of 100.0 mg/L. The EL50, NOELR and LOELR value were greater than 100.0 mg/L.

Description of key information

72 h EL50, NOELR and LOELR value were greater than 100.0 mg/L (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, OECD TG 201)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:
100 mg/L
EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
100 mg/L

Additional information

This study was performed to assess the effects on the growth of the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata caused by exposure to Reaction mass of dodecyl methacrylate and tridecyl methacrylate under static conditions according to OECD 201.

In the main (limit) test, exponentially growing cultures of P. subcapitata were exposed using water accommodated fraction at loading rates of 0.0 (Control), and 100.0 mg/L. Algal cultures were assessed for growth by visual cell counts at 24, 48, and 72 h.

The stability of the test item in test media was performed during method validation (JRF Study N° 228-2-13-19223), the test item in test media was stable up to 72 h (>80% of nominal concentration). Test media was analysed for active ingredient concentration and stability to assess the concentration and stability of test solution at 0 and 72 h during the main study. The active ingredient concentration of the test item in test media was within an acceptable limit (>80% of nominal concentration).

In the test item exposed group, no significant inhibitory effect was observed in algal growth (biomass), yield and growth rate compared to control group. The test item does not inhibit the growth of alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) up to the loading rate of 100.0 mg/L. The EL50, NOELR and LOELR value were greater than 100.0 mg/L.