Reaction products of stearic acid with 2-aminoethanol, maleic anhydride and sodium sulphite

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2018-01-10 - 2018-05-16

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2018

Report date:

2018

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying i) Chemicals Inducing Serious Eye Damage and ii) Chemicals Not Requiring Classification for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Reaction products of stearic acid with 2-aminoethanol, maleic anhydride and sodium sulphite

EC Number:

942-252-2

IUPAC Name:

Reaction products of stearic acid with 2-aminoethanol, maleic anhydride and sodium sulphite

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Water

EC Number:

231-791-2

EC Name:

Water

Cas Number:

7732-18-5

Molecular formula:

H2O

IUPAC Name:

water

Test material form:

liquid

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

other: bovine cattle

Strain:

not specified

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

SOURCE OF COLLECTED EYES
- Source: Bovine eyes were obtained from freshly slaughtered cattle at the abattoir EVA, Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives, France.
- Number of animals: unknown
- Characteristics of donor animals (e.g. age, sex, weight): bovine cattle were up to 12 months old.
- Storage, temperature and transport conditions of ocular tissue (e.g. transport time, transport media and temperature, and other conditions): the eyes were immerged in containers filled with cooled buffered Hanks medium and placed into a cooling-box with a sufficient amount of ice packs to ensure cooling until arrival at Citoxlab France. Containers with smooth internal surfaces were used for the transport to avoid damage to the corneas. Hank’s medium contained an antibiotic [Hank’s Balanced Salts Solution (HBSS) plus penicillin/streptomycin (100 units/100 µg/mL final)].
Upon arrival at Citoxlab France, the selection and preparation of corneas was performed as soon as possible. At each step of the preparation procedure, care was taken to avoid touching the corneas in order not to damage them.
Selection: a careful macroscopic examination was performed on all eyes to detect the presence of any defects (opacity, scratches, pigmentation, etc). Any eyes with defects were discarded. The examination was performed under a lamp, using HBSS in order to keep the eyes moistened and shiny. Particular attention was paid to the corneas and the eyes were swiveled in order to observe the fringe areas and any scratches directly under the light.
Preparation of the selected corneas: the tissues surrounding the eyeball were carefully pulled away and the cornea, surrounded by approximately 2 to 3 mm of sclera, was dissected out. The isolated corneas were stored in HBSS until all corneas had been prepared. The corneas were then used immediately.
- indication of any existing defects or lesions in ocular tissue samples: Any eyes with defects were discarded.
- Indication of any antibiotics used: penicillin/streptomycin

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent negative control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 750 mg (± 75 mg)
- Concentration (if solution): as such

Duration of treatment / exposure:

10 minutes (± 30 seconds)

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

2 hours (± 10 minutes)

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

The test item, the negative and the positive control were tested on three corneas each.

Details on study design:

SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF CORNEAS:
a careful macroscopic examination was performed on all eyes to detect the presence of any defects (opacity, scratches, pigmentation, etc). Any eyes with defects were discarded. The examination was performed under a lamp, using HBSS in order to keep the eyes moistened and shiny. Particular attention was paid to the corneas and the eyes were swiveled in order to observe the fringe areas and any scratches directly under the light.
the tissues surrounding the eyeball were carefully pulled away and the cornea, surrounded by approximately 2 to 3 mm of sclera, was dissected out. The isolated corneas were stored in HBSS until all corneas had been prepared.
The corneas were then used immediately.
The corneas were mounted in the corneal holders with the endothelial side against the O-ring of the posterior chamber. Each cornea was identified with the corresponding holder number.
For pre-incubation, both chambers of the corneal holder were filled to overflowing with MEM culture media supplemented with 1% fetal bovine serum plus penicillin/streptomycin (cMEM) at room temperature. The posterior chamber was always filled first to maintain the natural concave shape of the cornea.
After making sure that no air bubbles were present within the holder, it was immersed in a water bath, horizontally (cornea positioned vertically), up to approximately three quarters of its height. The holders were pre incubated for 1 hour and 5 minutes (± 5 minutes) at +32°C (± 1°C).
At the end of the pre-incubation period, the medium was removed from both chambers of the holder using a metal gavage tube attached to a vacuum pump to ensure complete evacuation. They were refilled with fresh cMEM without phenol red (previously heated to +32°C), starting with the posterior chamber and taking care that no air bubbles were present. The chambers were re-sealed and the corneas were examined macroscopically through the holder to detect the presence of any defects. Then, the opacity of the cornea was measured to obtain OPT0 (see § Opacity measurements).
Corneas that showed any macroscopic defect or an OPT0 value over 7 were discarded.

QUALITY CHECK OF THE ISOLATED CORNEAS:
The corneas were carefully examined macroscopically before their assembly in the holders, in order to detect the presence of any defects. Any corneas with defects were discarded.

NUMBER OF REPLICATES:
The test item, the negative and the positive control were tested on three corneas each.

NEGATIVE CONTROL USED: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

SOLVENT CONTROL USED (if applicable): N/A

POSITIVE CONTROL USED: Absolute Ethanol

APPLICATION DOSE AND EXPOSURE TIME: 750 mg (± 75 mg) for 10 minutes (± 30 seconds)

TREATMENT METHOD: closed chamber

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Number of washing steps after exposure period: four times.
the corneas were rinsed three times with pre-warmed cMEM containing phenol red (i.e. until the test item had been completely removed from the chamber or until the phenol red was not discoloured). Then, the corneas were finally rinsed with pre-warmed cMEM without phenol red.

- POST-EXPOSURE INCUBATION: 2 hours (± 10 minutes)

METHODS FOR MEASURED ENDPOINTS:
- Corneal opacity:An opacitometer was used to measure light transmission (i.e. the level of opacity) through the center of each mounted cornea. A numerical opacity measurement (arbitrary unit) was displayed and recorded.

- Corneal permeability: After the second opacity measurement, the medium of the anterior chamber was removed and the anterior chamber received 1 mL of a fluorescein solution.
As the test item is a non-surfactant liquid, the concentration of the fluorescein solution was 4 mg/mL.
Before use, the fluorescein solution was validated. For this purpose, the solution of fluorescein was diluted in cMEM in order to obtain a 5 μg/mL solution and the Optical Density at a wavelength of 490 nm (OD490 nm) of this dilution was measured. As the value obtained was between 0.850 and 0.940, the fluorescein solution was validated.
For each series of three corneas, a chronometer started from the fluorescein solution application time of the first cornea of the series. The holders were incubated vertically (cornea positioned horizontally with the fluorescein-treated side uppermost) in a water bath at +32°C (± 1°C) for 90 minutes (± 5 minutes).
At the end of incubation, the maximum volume of cMEM recoverable from the posterior chamber of each holder was transferred into an identified tube. The medium was homogenized prior to determination of OD490 nm, using single-use cuvettes (1 cm path length) and a spectrophotometer (cMEM used as the blank).

- Others (e.g, pertinent visual observations, histopathology): After permeability determination, the corneas were removed from the holders and observed for opaque spots, other irregularities and any separation of the epithelium.

SCORING SYSTEM: In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS)

DECISION CRITERIA: please specify if the decision criteria as indicated in the TG was used: YES

Results and discussion

In vitro

Results

Irritation parameter:

in vitro irritation score

Value:

ca. 0

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Other effects / acceptance of results:

OTHER EFFECTS:
- Visible damage on test system: No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on negative control and test item-treated corneas.
Opacity, fluorescein fixation and thickening of the corneas were observed on those treated with the positive control.

DEMONSTRATION OF TECHNICAL PROFICIENCY: Yes

ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: Yes
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: Yes
- Range of historical values if different from the ones specified in the test guideline: no

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Under the experimental conditions of this study, the test item, Sopromine 1686, was identified as a test chemical not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS No Category).

Executive summary:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential irritant and corrosive properties of the test item,SOPROMINE 1686, to the eye. The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test method can identify chemicals inducing serious eye damage and chemicals not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage.

The design of this study was based on the OECD Guideline 437 and the study was performedin compliance with Citoxlab France standard operating proceduresand with the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice.

Corneas obtained from freshly slaughtered calves were mounted in corneal holders. Both chambers of the corneal holder were filled with complemented MEM culture media (cMEM) and pre-incubated for 1 hour and 5 minutes (± 5 minutes) at +32°C.

A single experiment was performed using three corneas for each treated series (test item, positive control and negative control).

Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed on each cornea using an opacitometer.

The test item, applied undiluted, was evaluated in a single experiment using a treatment time of 10 minutes and the open-chamber treatment method. Negative and positive controls were applied using the same treatment time but using the closed-chamber treatment method.

At the completion of the treatment period, all items were removed from the front opening of the anterior chamber and the epithelia were rinsed.

The corneas were then incubated for 2 hours (± 10 minutes)at +before a second opacity measurement was performed.

After the second opacity measurement, the medium of the anterior chamber was removed and filled with a fluorescein solution. The holders were then incubated vertically for 90 minutes(± 5 minutes)at +32°C.

At the end of the incubation period, the Optical Density of the solution from the posterior chamber of each holder was measured in order to determine the permeability of the cornea. Each cornea was then observed for opaque spots and other irregularities.

No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on each test item-treated cornea.

All acceptance criteria were fulfilled. The study was therefore considered as valid.

The mean In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) of the test item-treated corneas was: 0.

As the mean IVIS was ≤ 3, the test item was considered as a test chemical not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS No Category).

Under the experimental conditions of this study, the test item,SOPROMINE 1686,was identified asnot requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS No Category).