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EC number: 411-150-5 | CAS number: 29617-66-1 L-2-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID; L-2-CHLORPROPIONSÄURE
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 4th August - 1st September 1997
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study to GLP
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 992
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- (S)-2-chloropropionic acid
- EC Number:
- 411-150-5
- EC Name:
- (S)-2-chloropropionic acid
- Cas Number:
- 29617-66-1
- Molecular formula:
- Hill formula: C3H5ClO2 CAS formula: C3H5ClO2
- IUPAC Name:
- (2S)-2-chloropropanoic acid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): L-2-Chloropropionic acid, assigned Brixham test substance number AD0381
- Physical state: Liquid
- Analytical purity: 97.2 %w/w
- Purity test date: 23rd May 1997
- Lot/batch No.: Bx 19
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: Not specified
- Storage condition of test material: Refrigerated in it's original container
Constituent 1
Test organisms
open allclose all
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Oat
- Plant family: Avena sativa
- Variety: Dula
- Source of seed: Twyford Seeds,Scotts Farm, King Sutton, Banbury, Oxon, UK
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: Not specified
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): Not specified
- Seed storage: Not specified
- Species:
- Helianthus annuus
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Sunflower
- Plant family: Helianthus annuus
- Variety: Sungold
- Source of seed:E W King and Co Limited, Monks Farm, Coggeshall Road, Levedon, Essex, CO5 9PG, UK
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: Not specified
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): Not specfied
- Seed storage: Not specifid
- Species:
- Phaseolus aureus
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Mung Bean
- Plant family: Phaseolus aureus
- Variety: Not specified
- Source of seed: Suttons Seeds, Torquay, UK
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: Not specified
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): Not specified
- Seed storage: Not specified
Study design
- Test type:
- other: Seedling emergence and early plant growth
- Study type:
- extended laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- natural soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Species:
- Helianthus annuus
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 500 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Species:
- Phaseolus aureus
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 78 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 420 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Species:
- Helianthus annuus
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 380 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Species:
- Phaseolus aureus
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 41 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
Any other information on results incl. tables
A results summary for the germination and growth data is given in Table 1.
Table 1.
|
|
Concentration of L-2-Chloropropionic acid mg kg-1(dry soil) |
|||||
|
|
Control 1 |
Control 2 |
1.0 |
10 |
100 |
1000 |
Avena sativa |
Total seeds emerged |
32 |
35 |
34 |
35 |
35 |
21* |
Pooled control (emergence) |
34 |
|
|||||
% of pooled control |
- |
100 |
103 |
103 |
62* |
||
% reduction in emergence |
- |
a |
a |
a |
38* |
||
Total shoot weight |
37.2 |
39.7 |
36.5 |
51.1 |
35.7 |
8.44 |
|
Helianthus annuus |
Total seeds emerged |
33 |
34 |
34 |
31 |
34 |
10* |
Pooled control (emergence) |
34 |
|
|||||
% of pooled control |
- |
100 |
91 |
100 |
29* |
||
% reduction in emergence |
- |
a |
a |
a |
71* |
||
Total shoot weight |
99.4 |
103.8 |
102.3 |
97.0 |
127.8 |
23.0* |
|
Phaseolus aureus |
Total seeds emerged |
31 |
31 |
31 |
35 |
18* |
0* |
Pooled control (emergence) |
31 |
|
|||||
% of pooled control |
- |
100 |
113 |
58* |
0* |
||
% reduction in emergence |
- |
a |
a |
42* |
100* |
||
Total shoot weight |
30.9 |
29.9 |
30.5 |
36.2 |
7.71* |
0.36* |
a No significant decrease compared to pooled control
* Significant decrease compared to pooled control
A summary of the glasshouse temperatures recorded is presented in Table 2.
Table2.
Period |
Temperature,oC |
||
Maximum |
Minimum |
Average |
|
04 Aug – 11 Aug 1997 |
38.7 |
15.5 |
23.6 |
11 Aug – 18 Aug 1997 |
36.2 |
15.1 |
24.5 |
18 Aug – 24 Aug 1997 |
34.0 |
17.2 |
24.2 |
24 Aug – 31 Aug 1997 |
28.0** |
13.0** |
21.3** |
Maximum, minimum and average temperatures calculated from hourly recordings during each period.
Wide variations from the nominal temperatures of 12oC at night and 18oC at day are not unusual in glasshouses and were considered acceptable.
**Thermohydrograph failed due to power cut. Readings taken from a max/min mercury thermometer at 0900h and 1630h daily.
The pH of the soils in water are summarised in Table 3 below.
Table 3.
Day |
pH of soil in water |
|||||
Nominal concentration of L-2-chloropropionic acid (mg kg-1dry soil) |
||||||
Control 1 |
Control 2 |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1000 |
|
-8 |
7.2 |
7.1 |
7.1 |
7.1 |
7.1 |
7.0 |
21 |
6.4 |
6.4 |
6.5 |
6.5 |
6.5 |
6.3 |
The pH of the soil was not significantly altered by the addition of the test substance.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Soil treated with L-2-chloropropionic acid had a detrimental effect on the emergence of oat and sunflower at test concentrations of 1000 mg kg -1 (dry soil) and for mung bean at 100mg kg -1(dry soil).
Soil treated with L-2-Chloropropionic acid had a detrimental effect on the early plant growth of oat and sunflower at concentrations of 1000mg kg-1 (dry soil) and for mung bean at 100mg kg -1(dry soil).
Based on the results the LC50 and EC50 were determined:
Oat Sunflower Mung bean
LC50 (germination) mg kg-1 >1000 500 78
EC50(growth) mg kg-1 420 380 41 - Executive summary:
The pH of the soil was not significantly altered by the addition of the test substance.
The effect of L-2-Chloropropionic acid on germination and early plant growth was assessed on oat (Avena sativa), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) using a study in accordance with OECD 204. The study was conducted at nominal test substance concentrations of 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg kg-1(dry soil). Two control tests were prepared for each test species. Four replicate pots were prepared at each concentration. Each pot contained 9 seeds, which was later thinned to 4 seedlings. The soil used was ‘WC-B’, a soil mix prepared containing sterilized Mendip loam and Cornish grit, with the addition of Osmocote and superphosphate. The test substance was dried onto prepared silver sand and then subsequently incorporated into the soil mix.
The seeds were planted on day -7, seven days later a preliminary assessment of germination was made. This was designated ‘Day 0’.
After a further seven days (Day 7) a definitive assessment of germination was made and the seedlings thinned to 4 per pot by removal of the weakest plants.
On day 21, the plants were cropped at soil level and the total fresh weight of the cropped tissue for each pot determined.
Visual assessments of the condition of the plants were made on Day 7 and 21.
The temperature of the glasshouse was recorded hourly throughout the study. The pH of the soil was measured in a control sample on days -8 and day 21.
The pots were contained in individual trays containing capillary matting. This allowed watering of the pots whilst ensuring any leachate was retained and available for re-absorption into the pots.
The germination and seedling growth data figures for the controls were compared using the Students t-test. All species showed no significant difference between the control values, therefore controls 1 and 2 were pooled for subsequent statistical analysis on emergence.
The test substance treatments for all test species were compared with the pooled controls using Dunnett's procedure.
There was a significant decrease in the germination figures for oat and sunflower at 1000mg kg-1. (dry soil). A decrease of 38% was observed for oat and 71% compared for sunflower when compared to the controls.
A significant decrease in emergence of mung beans was observed at 100mg kg-1(dry sol) to 42% of the controls. By day 7, no emergence was yet observed at1000mg kg-1. At the end of the test period, 4 seedlings had emerged in the 1000mg kg-1test concentration.
There was significant decrease in the total fresh weight of shoots for oat and sunflower at 1000mg kg-1when compared to the pooled controls. The mung bean showed a significant decrease in the total weight of fresh shoots at 100 mg kg-1when compared to the controls. These were in excess of the expected for the reduced seeds emerging, indicating that the growth form the emerging seeds was detrimentally affected by the test substance.
Based on the results the LC50 and EC50 were determined:
Avena sativa
Helianthus annuus
Phaseolus aureus
LC50 (germination) mg kg-1
>1000
500
78
EC50 (growth) mg kg-1
420
380
41
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