(S)-2-chloropropionic acid

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

15th March - 5 April 1995

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The study was conducted to GLP and based on OECD Guideline 202, however a number of devations were made.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1995

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD Test Guideline 202 Part II, Daphnia sp., Reproduction Test. Adopted 4th April 1984.

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

See below

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The conditions under which this range finding work was conducted deviated from the full OECD guideline in the following aspects:
i) The pH of some of the ‘old’ solutions prior to renewal deviated from the initial pH values by > 0.3 pH units, however in each case the deviation was <0.5 units.
ii) Five Daphnia magna were used per test concentration, each individually housed.
iii) A geometric series of at least 5 concentrations was not used.
iv) The pH and dissolved oxygen of the ‘old’ and ‘new’ solutions was measured on 3 of the renewal occasions rather than all 9.

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

(S)-2-chloropropionic acid

EC Number:

411-150-5

EC Name:

(S)-2-chloropropionic acid

Cas Number:

29617-66-1

Molecular formula:

Hill formula: C3H5ClO2 CAS formula: C3H5ClO2

IUPAC Name:

(2S)-2-chloropropanoic acid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): L-2-Chloropropionic acid referred to in the test report as W717.
- Physical state: Liquid
- Analytical purity: 88.8%
- Purity test date:Not specified
- Lot/batch No.: Bx 071, ADH 05138
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: Not specified
- Storage condition of test material: Ambient temperature in original container.

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: Mortality and mobility

Any other information on results incl. tables

 There were no mortalities or signs of toxicity observed in either the control or the test system.The number of offspring (F1) was recorded for each replicate. These data are presented in Table 1.

Table 1.

Test Time (d)	Number of F1 offspring in control							Number of F1 offspring in 10 mg/L							Number of F1 offspring in 100 mg/L
	Rep 1	Rep 2	Rep 3	Rep 4	Rep 5	Total	Sum	Rep 1	Rep 2	Rep 3	Rep 4	Rep 5	Total	Sum	Rep 1	Rep 2	Rep 3	Rep 4	Rep 5	Total	Sum
6
7
8
9	20	21	24	22	18	105	105	24	25	16	26	20	111	111	25	21	22	24	21	113	113
10
11
12	49	47	60	50	46	252	357	46	57	61	5	46	265	376	49	43	53	47	56	248	361
13
14					41	41	398			1			1	377	37	32				69	430
15
16	41	33	38	37		149	547	29	37	40	36	31	173	550			34	37	36	107	537
17
18
19	30	42	37	41	22	172	719	34	33	39	31	35	172	722	29	22	29	42	35	157	694
20
21	37	36			39	112	831	20	4		33	33	90	812	41	40	39	33	42	195	889
Sum	177	179	159	150	166	831		153	156	157	181	165	812		181	158	177	183	190	889

 

  The lengths of the surviving P₀ Daphnia were recorded at the end of the test period. The mean lengths for the control, 10 and 100 mg/L test systems were 4.4, 4.5 and 4.4mm respectively.

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The results do not show any effect due to the test substance when compared to the control sample. As the initial range finding study (reported here) showed conclusively there was no effect on the Daphnia magna at the highest tested concentration, a full study was considered unnecessary.
 

Executive summary:

A GLP study was performed based on OECD Guideline 202 Part II to determine the effect of L-2-Chloropropionic acid onDaphnia magnaover a 21 day period.

An initial range finding study was performed at test solution concentrations of 0, 10 and 100mg/L. Five replicates at each concentration were individually housed in borosilicate glass beakers with a loose fitting lid at 20 +/- 1^oC. The test systems were subjected to 16 hour light and 8 hour dark cycles with a 15 minute transition period. The light intensity was measured during the study and gave a value of 484 lux. 

TheDaphniawere fed daily onChlorella vulgarisand a commercially available microencapsulated diet, Frippak Booster.

The test solutions were replaced every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, at which point the ‘new’ test solutions were prepared and the P₀generationDaphniawere transferred to the ‘new’ solutions. Any offspring in the test system were removed, counted and observed for mobility or mortality.

 

There were no mortalities or symptoms of toxicity in either the control or the 10 or 100mg/L test systems after 21 days. The total numbers of offspring for the control, 10 and 100mg/L were 831, 812 and 889 respectively. No dead offspring were observed.

 

The lengths of the surviving P₀Daphniawere recorded at the end of the test period. The mean lengths for the control, 10 and 100 mg/L test systems were 4.4, 4.5 and 4.4mm respectively.

 

The results did not show any effect due to the test substance when compared to the control sample. As the initial range finding study showed conclusively there was no effect on theDaphnia magnaat the highest tested concentration, a full study was considered unnecessary.