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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
From 2011-08-04 to 2011-08-12
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2011
Report date:
2011

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
Version / remarks:
1997
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Type of assay:
bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Quinazolin-4(1H)-one
EC Number:
207-735-8
EC Name:
Quinazolin-4(1H)-one
Cas Number:
491-36-1
Molecular formula:
C8H6N2O
IUPAC Name:
4-Hydroxyquinazoline
Test material form:
solid
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Batch No.: 1176335
Purity: 99.8%

Method

Target gene:
histidine locus and tryptophan-independent (Trp+) locus
Species / strain
Species / strain / cell type:
S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Metabolic activation system:
S9 mix
Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
Pre-Experiment/Experiment I: 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 μg/plate
Since no relevant toxic effects were observed 5000 μg/plate was chosen as maximum test item concentration.
Experiment II: 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 μg/plate
Vehicle / solvent:
- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
Controlsopen allclose all
Untreated negative controls:
yes
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
True negative controls:
yes
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
sodium azide
Untreated negative controls:
yes
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
True negative controls:
yes
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
other: 4-nitro-o-phenylene-diamine, 4-NOPD
Untreated negative controls:
yes
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
True negative controls:
yes
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
methylmethanesulfonate
Untreated negative controls:
yes
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
True negative controls:
yes
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
other: 2-aminoanthracene, 2-AA
Details on test system and experimental conditions:
METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
- Cell density at seeding (if applicable): 1E+08-1E+09 cells/mL

DURATION
- Preincubation period: 60 minutes (experiment II)
- Exposure duration: at least 48 hours at 37 °C

NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: three plates

DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: background growth

OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
The colonies were counted using the Petri Viewer Mk2 with the software program Ames Study Manager (version 1.21). The counter was connected to a printer to print out the individual values and the means from the plates for each concentration together with standard deviations and enhancement factors as compared to the spontaneous reversion rates.
Evaluation criteria:
A test item is considered as a mutagen if a biologically relevant increase in the number of revertants exceeding the threshold of twice (strains TA 98, TA 100, and WP2 uvrA) or thrice (strains TA 1535 and TA 1537) the colony count of the corresponding solvent control is observed.
A dose dependent increase is considered biologically relevant if the threshold is exceeded at more than one concentration.
An increase exceeding the threshold at only one concentration is judged as biologically relevant if reproduced in an independent second experiment.
A dose dependent increase in the number of revertant colonies below the threshold is regarded as an indication of a mutagenic potential if reproduced in an independent second experiment. However, whenever the colony counts remain within the historical range of negative and solvent controls such an increase is not considered biologically relevant.
Statistics:
A statistical analysis of the data is not mandatory

Results and discussion

Test resultsopen allclose all
Key result
Species / strain:
S. typhimurium TA 1535
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
no cytotoxicity
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Key result
Species / strain:
S. typhimurium TA 1537
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
no cytotoxicity
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Key result
Species / strain:
S. typhimurium TA 98
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
no cytotoxicity
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Key result
Species / strain:
S. typhimurium TA 100
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
no cytotoxicity
Vehicle controls validity:
not valid
Remarks:
In experiment II, without metabolic activation, the number of colonies did not quite reach the lower limit of historical control data
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Key result
Species / strain:
E. coli WP2 uvr A
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
no cytotoxicity
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Additional information on results:
The plates incubated with the test item showed normal background growth up to 5000 μg/plate with and without S9 mix in both experiments.
A minor reduction in the number of revertants (below the indication factor of 0.5), was observed In strain WP2 uvrA at 5000 μg/plates in experiment I without S9 mix and in experiment II with S9 mix. No further toxic effects, evident as a reduction in the number of revertants (below the indication factor of 0.5), occurred in the test groups with and without metabolic activation.
No substantial increase in revertant colony numbers of any of the five tester strains was observed following treatment with test item at any dose level applied, neither in the presence nor in the absence of metabolic activation (S9 mix).
In experiment II, without metabolic activation, the number of colonies did not quite reach the lower limit of our historical control data in strain TA 100 in the solvent control. Since the offset was rather small, this result is judged to be based upon fluctuations that may occur in biological systems but do not indicate an adverse effect of the test item.
Appropriate reference mutagens were used as positive controls. They showed a distinct increase of induced revertant colonies.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
The test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used.
Therefore, the test item is considered to be non-mutagenic in this Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.
Executive summary:

The test item was assessed for its potential to induce gene mutations in the plate incorporation test (experiment I) and the pre-incubation test (experiment II) using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, and TA 100, and the Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA.

The assay was performed in two independent experiments both with and without liver microsomal activation according to OECD471. Each concentration and the controls were tested in triplicate. The test item was tested at the following concentrations:

Pre-Experiment/Experiment I: 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 μg/plate

Experiment II: 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 μg/plate

The plates incubated with the test item showed normal background growth up to 5000 μg/plate with and without S9 mix in both experiments.

A minor reduction in the number of revertants (below the indication factor of 0.5), was observed In strain WP2 uvrA at 5000 μg/plates in experiment I without S9 mix and in experiment II with S9 mix. No further toxic effects, evident as a reduction in the number of revertants (below the indication factor of 0.5), occurred in the test groups with and without metabolic activation.

No substantial increase in revertant colony numbers of any of the five tester strains was observed following treatment with test item at any dose level applied, neither in the presence nor in the absence of metabolic activation (S9 mix).

Appropriate reference mutagens were used as positive controls. They showed a distinct increase of induced revertant colonies.

During the described mutagenicity test and under the experimental conditions reported, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used.

Therefore, the test item is considered to be non-mutagenic in this Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.