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Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Reference
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
Version / remarks:
2008
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
Version / remarks:
adopted April 13, 2004
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Expiry date: 2018-06-06
Water solubility: < 0.01 mg/L
Stability of test concentration/s during exposure: Examined by chemical analysis (HPLC/MS) in the freshly prepared media and in the media after 24 hours of exposure according to the semi-static test conditions.
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Remarks:
HPLC/MS analysis
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PRE-TREATMENT OF TEST ITEM AND PREPARATION OF TEST ITEM CONCENTRATIONS
A stock solution was prepared to give the desired series of test concentrations. 100.0 mg of the test item were added to 1 litre of dilution water on 2018-02-05 and 100.5 mg of the test item were added to 1 litre of dilution water on 2018-02-06, treated for 1 h in an ultrasonic bath and stirred for 24 h on a magnetic stirrer. Undissolved particles of the test item were removed by filtration using a folded filter with a pore size of
7 - 12 µm. The pH was measured to be 7.9 on 2018-02-06 and 7.8 on 2018-02-07.
To produce the different test item concentrations appropriate amounts of the stock solution were diluted with dilution water to a volume of 500 mL. 50 mL of the prepared solutions were taken per replicate and 0.5 mL of dilution water containing 5 daphnids was given to all replicates resulting in the final nominal concentrations. For each test item concentration and the control 4 replicates were prepared.
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
Name: Daphnia magna STRAUS, parthenogenetic females
Source: Strain of Bundesgesundheitsamt Berlin
Maintenance and Acclimatisation: A population of parthenogenetic females of synchronized age structure has been maintained for more than 20 years in the test facility under constant temperature conditions (20 +/- 2 °C) at a 16 : 8 hour light-dark photoperiod (light intensity: < 20 µE x m-2 x s-1). The culture water (so-called 'M4 medium') was partly renewed once a week. The Daphnia were exclusively fed unicellular green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus) 'ad libitum'. Mortalities of parent Daphnia during the culture period were recorded daily. The neonates were separated from their parent Daphnia by filtration prior to the acute test.
Test type:
semi-static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
48 h
Hardness:
14.7 °dH (= 262 mg/L CaCO3)
Test temperature:
18 - 22 °C
pH:
7.7 - 7.9
Dissolved oxygen:
8.6 - 8.9 mg/L (97 - 99 %)
Nominal and measured concentrations:
25, 50 and 100 mg/L (nominal)
Details on test conditions:
CULTURE AND DILUTION WATER
Reconstituted water (so-called 'M4 medium' according to OECD 202 and EC Method C.2, annex 1) was used for the maintenance of the test animals and the preparation of stock and test solutions of the test item.
The total hardness of the dilution water, measured at test start, was 14.7 °dH (= 262 mg/L CaCO3).

EXPOSURE CONDITIONS
Test vessels: 100 mL glass beakers covered with watch glasses holding 5 neonates in 50 mL of test medium
Experimental design: 3 test concentrations plus 1 control; 5 neonates per vessel, 4 replicates per concentration/control; no feeding during the exposure period semi-static system
Method of initiation: neonates were placed in prepared media
Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
Temperature of incubation unit: 19.6 to 20.0 °C
Aeration: none
Test item concentration/s: 25, 50 and 100 mg/L (nominal)
Method of administration: stock solution
Medium renewal: daily
Duration of exposure: 48 hours
Criteria of effects: The criterion of adverse effects used in this study was the item-induced alteration of the normal mobility behaviour and the loss of locomotory actions of the neonates, observed at 24 and 48 hours.
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC0
Effect conc.:
>= 0.01 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: Results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 0.01 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: Results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC100
Effect conc.:
> 0.01 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: Results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC0
Effect conc.:
>= 0.019 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: Results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 0.019 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: Results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC100
Effect conc.:
> 0.019 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: Results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.
Details on results:
Effective concentrations ranged from 0.03 % to 0.04 % in the freshly prepared media and from 0.003 % to 0.007 % in the media after 24 hours of exposure.
Reported statistics and error estimates:
The EC 50 was calculated by probit analysis using the statistics programme ToxRatPro Version 2.10 (released 2010-09-10).

Immobilisation rates were recorded at 24-hour intervals. Additionally any abnormal behaviour or appearance of the Daphnia was reported.

The temperature, the pH and the oxygen values were measured every day in the freshly prepared media and in the media after 24 hours of exposure.

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
The immobilisation and other abnormalities in the controls did not exceed 10 % by the end of the test. The dissolved oxygen concentration remained above 3 mg/L throughout the exposure period.
Conclusions:
Acute toxicity of phosphorothioyltris(oxybenzene-4,1-diylcarbamoyloxyethane-2,1-diyl) trisprop-2-enoate to Daphnia magna STRAUS under semi-static conditions shows an EC50 value of > 0.019 mg/L after 48 hours.
Executive summary:

A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of phosphorothioyltris(oxybenzene-4,1-diylcarbamoyloxyethane-2,1-diyl) trisprop-2-enoate to Daphnia magna STRAUS under semi-static conditions.

The study was conducted in accordance with the Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Method C.2 ‘Acute toxicity for Daphnia’ (2008) which is equivalent to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 'Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test' (adopted April 13, 2004).

The Daphnia were exposed to a range of concentrations, nominally 25, 50 and 100 mg/L of phosphorothioyltris(oxybenzene-4,1-diylcarbamoyloxyethane-2,1-diyl) trisprop-2-enoate dissolved in dilution water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultrasonic bath, a magnetic stirrer and a folded filter.

Observations were made on the swimming ability and the immobilisation rate, respectively, after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. The following values were determined:

Time       EC 50       

[h]       [mg/L]       

24       > 0.010

48       > 0.019

The results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.

Effective concentrations ranged from 0.03 % to 0.04 % in the freshly prepared media and from 0.003 % to 0.007 % in the media after 24 hours of exposure.

The hardness of the dilution water used was 14.7 °dH (= 262 mg/L CaCO3).

Description of key information

A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of phosphorothioyltris(oxybenzene-4,1-diylcarbamoyloxyethane-2,1-diyl) trisprop-2-enoate to Daphnia magna STRAUS under semi-static conditions.

The study was conducted in accordance with the Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Method C.2 ‘Acute toxicity for Daphnia’ (2008) which is equivalent to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 'Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test' (adopted April 13, 2004).

The Daphnia were exposed to a range of concentrations, nominally 25, 50 and 100 mg/L of phosphorothioyltris(oxybenzene-4,1-diylcarbamoyloxyethane-2,1-diyl) trisprop-2-enoate dissolved in dilution water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultrasonic bath, a magnetic stirrer and a folded filter.

Observations were made on the swimming ability and the immobilisation rate, respectively, after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. The following values were determined:

Time       EC 50       

[h]       [mg/L]       

24       > 0.010

48       > 0.019

The results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations.

Effective concentrations ranged from 0.03 % to 0.04 % in the freshly prepared media and from 0.003 % to 0.007 % in the media after 24 hours of exposure.

The hardness of the dilution water used was 14.7 °dH (= 262 mg/L CaCO3).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
0.019 mg/L

Additional information

0.019 mg/L should read > 0.019 mg/L